Chapter Oppido Mamertina in 3D: dalla fotogrammetria alla ricostruzione digitale

The 43rd UID conference, held in Genova, takes up the theme of ‘Dialogues’ as practice and debate on many fundamental topics in our social life, especially in these complex and not yet resolved times. The city of Genova offers the opportunity to ponder on the value of comparison and on the possibilities for the community, naturally focused on the aspects that concern us, as professors, researchers, disseminators of knowledge, or on all the possibile meanings of the discipline of representation and its dialogue with ‘others’, which we have broadly catalogued in three macro areas: History, Semiotics, Science / Technology. Therefore, “dialogue” as a profitable exchange based on a common language, without which it is impossible to comprehend and understand one another; and the graphic sign that connotes the conference is the precise transcription of this concept: the title ‘translated’ into signs, derived from the visual alphabet designed for the visual identity of the UID since 2017. There are many topics which refer to three macro sessions: - Witnessing (signs and history) - Communicating (signs and semiotics) - Experimenting (signs and sciences) Thanks to the different points of view, an exceptional resource of our disciplinary area, we want to try to outline the prevailing theoretical-operational synergies, the collaborative lines of an instrumental nature, the recent updates of the repertoires of images that attest and nourish the relations among representation, history, semiotics, sciences

Information modelling actions from a survey of the Neronian era

[EN] Redesigning the ichonographiae carved in the marble table kept at the Archaeological Museum of the Umbrian capital, has a double meaning: (1) to collect what has been examined by experts of Roman topography on a cartographic practice already recurrent at the death of Augustus, (2) observe with a renewed spirit a document of fundamental interest for the history of survey and architectural drawing. There are in fact three horizontal sections meticulously quoted in Roman ¿feet¿: the ground floor of a funerary monument with an outdoor triclino (scale 1:84), the plan of a vegetable garden serving the rustic villa (scale 1: 140) inhabited on the upper level by the caretaker (1: 230). Proceeding from the mathematical analysis to the planimetric vectorization of the monumental complex, the contribution illustrates the reasons and the path that informed the 3D reconstruction. In compliance with a digital practice shared by the scientific communities; the unprecedented interpretation represented an opportunity to explore its potential uses in terms of a renewed communication paradigm. The objective in progress is aimed at raising a frame of meanings around the memory of Imperial civilization, to guide strategies that do not fail to fall on the policies of protection and enhancement of the property studied. The immersive use of models and adequate spaces for collaboration, which have become collectors of information, thanks and by virtue of dedicated servers, lead to the generalization of issues, which, by affecting a wider audience of users, encourage socio-economic programs as well as cultural technicians.Rossi, A.; Lillo Giner, S.; Gonizzi Barsanti, S. (2021). Information modelling actions from a survey of the Neronian era. DisegnareCon. 14(27):1-17. https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.27.2021.2S117142

Digital Data and Semantic Simulation—The Survey of the Ruins of the Convent of the Paolotti (12th Century A.D.)

In the presence of architecturally significant ruins, restoring and disseminating the idea of a testimony that has survived the destructive work of time is a cultural and social necessity that the use of advanced methods and tools allows to communicate in a timely and comprehensive manner. The integration of 3D surveying techniques and digital information production and management processes (graphic and alphanumeric, i.e., geometric information) makes it possible to put in place multifaceted and effective strategies. The article aims at describing the process of data acquisition (using applied photogrammetry) of the remains of a medieval cloister located on the outskirts of ancient Oppido Mamertina (RC, Italy). The use of the acquired point cloud, cleaned and optimised, made it possible to extract suitable orthophotos from which to derive the matrix profiles of the vaulted roof system. The information organisation of the model, which can be queried on time despite the generic level of detail, leads us to meditate on the change taking place in the field of documentation for urban environmental design and maintenance

HBIM FROM A FIRST CENTURY ICONOGRAPHY

Protecting and enhancing inherited assets is a duty of every age; ours requires disclosure through the services of the interconnected network, the only one, to date, capable of reaching a wide audience and with it attracting adequate economic resources for the implementation of programs. In keeping with the international definition of "Cultural Heritage", the paper describes the methodology that guided the construction in 3D of the monumental building sculpted in the iconographies between 52 and 62 AD on the marble slab now preserved at the archaeological museum of Perugia. An informative workflow on what has been collected is proposed to then discuss the potential of its uses. The focus lies in particular on the possibility of the model to act as an interoperable collector to compare the reconstructive hypotheses. The final objective looks at the opportunity to create multimedia, multimodal and cross modal collaboration spaces to remedy aspects that, by affecting a wider audience of users, encourage socio-economic policies

Impact of the intra-day variability of the DNI on the energy yield of CSP plants

AIP Conference Proceeding 2126, 190009-1–190009-7The operation and the electricity yield of CSP plants in two days with the same daily-accumulated DNI, even with the same Aperture Normal Irradiance (ANI) can be very different depending on other parameters such as the variability and distribution of the solar radiation. In this paper, we intend to quantify the impact of the intra-daily variability of the DNI on the production of CSP plants. To that end, we use the ND model [1] to generate several synthetic years with similar distribution and daily energy to a reference measured year but different levels of intra-daily variability. We use System Advisor Model (SAM, https://sam.nrel.gov/) to simulate the performance of two parabolic trough (PT) plants, with and without thermal storage and common configurations for the location of Seville, Spain. To test the influence of the DNI variability, we simulate the measured and the synthetic years and we compare the daily gross power produced. As result, a clear decrease in the gross production of the PT plant without TES system is observed when the intra-daily variability increases, with daily average differences of 47% respect to the case with lowest variability. This difference is reduced with the use of the TES system to 6 %, damping the dynamic effects of the DNI variability on the global response of the plant

A normalized variability index of daily solar radiation

AIP Conference Proceeding 2303, 180005-1–180005-8The Variability Index (VI) is widely used to quantify the intra-day solar radiation variability. It compares the length of the global horizontal irradiance (GHI) or direct normal irradiance (DNI) profiles with the length of the corresponding clear sky GHI/DNI profiles. The VI is not a normalized index, it shows dependency on the day of the year, geographic location and time resolution. Thus, the quantification of the intra-day variability of the solar resource between different locations or different seasons could be mistaken. In this work, we propose a novel definition of the VI in order to normalize it (VI’). Moreover, we suggest a methodology to assess the dependencies of the intra-day solar resource variability quantifiers with the day of the year, geographic location and time resolution. We evaluate and compare the performance of both indexes in two different locations along two synthetic years and a measured annual dataset in different time resolutions

Cloud transient characterization in different time steps

AIP Conference Proceeding 1850, 140016-1–140016-7In this paper we evaluate the cloud transients by analyzing the dynamics of the direct fraction index kb for one year of solar radiation data in different time steps. We use instant 5-sec data integrated data and compare the number and percentage of occurrences of the different defined sky conditions. We find that the most common situation is a progressive transient and that the average transient lasts between one and 5 minutes. We also perform a cloud transient duration analysis observing that the denser clouds have greater persistence

Conditions in which a photovoltaic system is more viable than a low-temperature solar thermal system.

Permiso para subir el documento obtenido por la instituciónPhotovoltaic (PV) and low-temperature solar thermal (LT-STH) are the most widely used technologies in the building sector. This study determines, depending on the most influential parameters, the conditions in which a PV system is more beneficial than a LT-STH system from an economical, energetic and environmental point of view. The parameter used for economically evaluated both technologies is the levelized cost of energy (LCOE). Moreover the Greenhouse Gas Emissions factor is employed for an environmental evaluation. The main results shown on this study reveal that in most cases PV is economically and environmentally more viable than LT-STH, although it would be necessary to analyze the particular conditions of each site

Photovoltaic energy balance estimation based on the building integration level

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).The photovoltaic module building integration level affects the module temperature and, consequently, its output power. In this work, a methodology has been proposed to estimate the influence of the level of architectural photovoltaic integration on the photovoltaic energy balance with natural ventilation or with forced cooling systems. The developed methodology is applied for five photovoltaic module technologies (m-Si, p-Si, a-Si, CdTe, and CIGS) on four characteristic locations (Athens, Davos, Stockholm, and Würzburg). To this end, a photovoltaic module thermal radiation parameter, PVj, is introduced in the characterization of the PV module technology, rendering the correlations suitable for building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) applications, with natural ventilation or with forced cooling systems. The results show that PVj has a significant influence on the energy balances, according to the architectural photovoltaic integration and climatic conditions

Process Heat Generation Potential from Solar Concentration Technologies in Latin America: The Case of Argentina

This paper evaluates the potential of solar concentration technologies—compound parabolic collector (CPC), linear Fresnel collector (LFC) and parabolic trough collector (PTC)—as an alternative to conventional sources of energy for industrial processes in Latin America, where high levels of solar radiation and isolated areas without energy supply exist. The analysis is addressed from energy, economic and environmental perspective. A specific application for Argentina in which fourteen locations are analyzed is considered. Results show that solar concentration technologies can be an economically and environmentally viable alternative. Levelized cost of energy (LCOE) ranges between 2.5 and 16.9 c /kWh/m2 and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions avoided range between 33 and 348 kgCO2/(m2 year). CPC technology stands out as the most recommendable technology when the working fluid temperature ranges from 373 K to 423 K. As the working fluid temperature increases the differences between the LCOE values of the CPC and LFC technologies decrease. When 523 K is reached LFC technology is the one which presents the lowest LCOE values for all analyzed sites, while the LCOE values of PTC technology are close to CPC technology values. Results show that solar concentration technologies have reached economic and environmental competitiveness levels under certain scenarios, mainly linked to solar resource available, thermal level requirements and solar technology cos