Talents Training of Higher Engineering Education in the View of Large-Scale Engineering

The idea of large-scale engineering is a new educational idea according to comprehensiveness rationality, which is a novel training mode combining the engineering practice with kinds of value idea, such as science, technology, economics, society, environment zoology, civilization and aesthetic art, etc.. In perspective of large-scale engineering, the talents should have the abilities of higher engineering quality, comprehensive knowledge background, good liberal quality and join in social activities. The talents training of higher engineering education in the view of large-scale engineering should adopt some methods as follows: reforming the courses system, enhancing practical teaching, non-intelligent factors education, and scientific and technological innovative activities, and improving engineering practice abilities

Characterizing Current Registration of Phase 3 Crossover Trials on ClinicalTrials.gov

Background: ClinicalTrials.gov is the primary registry for federally and privately funded clinical trials conducted in the United States. Unlike the more commonly used parallel design, in which each participant is randomized to a certain treatment, in a crossover design, each participant is randomized to a sequence of treatments and each participant serves as his/her own control in estimating treatment effect. This distinct feature makes the design and registration of crossover trials different from that of parallel trials. Objective: To characterize Phase 3 crossover trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov; to identify registration issues using current system; to inform the development of practical guidance to improve registration of crossover trials on ClinicalTrials.gov. Method: We searched ClinicalTrials.gov on Sep 15, 2014 for trials labeled ‘Crossover Assignment’ in the intervention model, randomized, phase 3, and having results registered and citation provided. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility and extracted data on study design details, reporting groups, primary outcomes and adverse events to an electronic form developed on Systematic Review Data Repository. We tabulated the numbers of trials with specified characteristics and described issues in the definitions, instructions, and in using the registration template. Results: Registration of crossover trials was mixed. Only three quarters of included Phase 3 studies (75%, 54/72) labeled as ‘’Crossover Assignment’ trials were real randomized, crossover trials. We found variations of registration format for different sections. Majority of the trials (81.5%, 44/54) presented the outcome following a parallel instead of crossover structure. We proposed guidance for table creation with examples for registering arms/interventions, participant flow, baseline characteristics, outcome and adverse events respectively, to help improve the registration of crossover trials on ClinicalTrials.gov. Conclusion: Many of studies labeled as ‘Phase 3 Crossover Assignment’ have problems in registration on ClinicalTrials.gov The proposed strategy has the potential to improve registration of the design, results and analysis of crossover trials on ClinicalTrials.gov

Tacit Knowledge Based on the Cultivation of Innovative Ability for Graduate Students

Poland's tacit knowledge theory believes that tacit knowledge exists of coding, individuality and practicality, as well as the relative priority of explicit knowledge in theory. Study on the tacit knowledge theory to improve the level of postgraduate education, optimize the structure of smart graduate students, raising graduate students' innovative ability is of important guiding significance. Including postgraduates' innovative ability of the tacit knowledge based on the reasonable knowledge structure, creativity, creative thinking, creative skills, and so on. This perspective development of postgraduates’ innovative ability through interdisciplinary integration, build up the academic atmosphere, enhance good research practice, build harmonious relationship between teachers and students to be achieved.Poland's tacit knowledge theory believes that tacit knowledge exists of coding, individuality and practicality, as well as the relative priority of explicit knowledge in theory. Study on the tacit knowledge theory to improve the level of postgraduate education, optimize the structure of smart graduate students, raising graduate students' innovative ability is of important guiding significance. Including postgraduates' innovative ability of the tacit knowledge based on the reasonable knowledge structure, creativity, creative thinking, creative skills, and so on. This perspective development of postgraduates’ innovative ability through interdisciplinary integration, build up the academic atmosphere, enhance good research practice, build harmonious relationship between teachers and students to be achieved

Using a practical molecular capsular serotype prediction strategy to investigate Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance in Chinese local hospitalized children

Comprehensive cpsB sequetyping database based on GenBank sequences (until Jan 1, 2015). (DOCX 47 kb

Molecular Identification and Antifungal Properties of Four Thaumatin-like Proteins in Spruce (Picea likiangensis)

Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are involved in the plant defense response against pathogens, and most of them exhibit antifungal activity. However, the role of TLPs in pathogen-induced defense responses in spruce is not fully understood. In this study, four TLP genes encoding thaumatin-like protein, designated as PlTLP1–4, were isolated and identified from Picea likiangensis needles. Sequence analysis showed that PlTLP1, PlTLP3, and PlTLP4 contained 16 conserved cysteine residues, while PlTLP2 had only 10 conserved cysteine residues. qPCR analysis showed that PlTLPs were expressed in all tissues tested, PlTLP1, PlTLP3, and PlTLP4 had the highest expression levels in young fruits, while PlTLP2 had the highest expression levels in roots. In addition, the expression levels of four PlTLPs were significantly upregulated during infection by Lophodermium piceae. Four recombinant PlTLPs expressed in Escherichia coli exhibited obvious β-1,3-glucanase activity. The antifungal activity assay showed that four recombinant PlTLPs had significant inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of L. piceae, Fusarium proliferatum, Botrytis cinerea, and Roussoella doimaesalongensis. Microscopic observation revealed that the recombinant PlTLP1–4 induced the morphological changes of the mycelia of L. piceae, and the recombinant PlTLP2 and PlTLP3 induced the morphological changes of the mycelia of F. proliferatum and R. doimaesalongensis, while all the recombinant PlTLPs had no obvious negative effect on the morphology of B. cinerea mycelium. These results suggest that PlTLP genes may play an important role in the defense response of P. likiangensis against L. piceae invasion

Up-Regulation of Kin17 Is Essential for Proliferation of Breast Cancer

Background: Kin17 is ubiquitously expressed at low levels in human tissue and participates in DNA replication, DNA repair and cell cycle control. Breast cancer cells are characterized by enabling replicative immortality and accumulated DNA damage. However, whether kin17 contributes to breast carcinogenesis remains unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings: In this study, we show for the first time that kin17 is an important molecule related to breast cancer. Our results show that kin17 expression was markedly increased in clinical breast tumors and was associated with tumor grade, Ki-67 expression, p53 mutation status and progesterone receptor expression, which were assessed in a clinicopathologic characteristics review. Knockdown of kin17 inhibited DNA replication and repair, blocked cell cycle progression and inhibited anchorage-independent growth, while increasing sensitivity to chemotherapy in breast cancer cells. Moreover, kin17 silencing decreased EGF-stimulated cell growth. Furthermore, overexpression of kin17 promoted DNA replication and cell proliferation in MCF-10A. Conclusions/Significance: Our findings indicate that up-regulation of kin17 is strongly associated with cellular proliferation, DNA replication, DNA damage response and breast cancer development. The increased level of kin17 was not only a consequence of immortalization but also associated with tumorigenesis. Therefore, kin17 could be a novel therapeuti

Molecular Identification and Antifungal Properties of Four Thaumatin-like Proteins in Spruce (Picea likiangensis)

Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are involved in the plant defense response against pathogens, and most of them exhibit antifungal activity. However, the role of TLPs in pathogen-induced defense responses in spruce is not fully understood. In this study, four TLP genes encoding thaumatin-like protein, designated as PlTLP1–4, were isolated and identified from Picea likiangensis needles. Sequence analysis showed that PlTLP1, PlTLP3, and PlTLP4 contained 16 conserved cysteine residues, while PlTLP2 had only 10 conserved cysteine residues. qPCR analysis showed that PlTLPs were expressed in all tissues tested, PlTLP1, PlTLP3, and PlTLP4 had the highest expression levels in young fruits, while PlTLP2 had the highest expression levels in roots. In addition, the expression levels of four PlTLPs were significantly upregulated during infection by Lophodermium piceae. Four recombinant PlTLPs expressed in Escherichia coli exhibited obvious β-1,3-glucanase activity. The antifungal activity assay showed that four recombinant PlTLPs had significant inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of L. piceae, Fusarium proliferatum, Botrytis cinerea, and Roussoella doimaesalongensis. Microscopic observation revealed that the recombinant PlTLP1–4 induced the morphological changes of the mycelia of L. piceae, and the recombinant PlTLP2 and PlTLP3 induced the morphological changes of the mycelia of F. proliferatum and R. doimaesalongensis, while all the recombinant PlTLPs had no obvious negative effect on the morphology of B. cinerea mycelium. These results suggest that PlTLP genes may play an important role in the defense response of P. likiangensis against L. piceae invasion