Averaging principle for McKean-Vlasov SDEs driven by multiplicative fractional noise with highly oscillatory drift coefficient

In this paper, we study averaging principle for a class of McKean-Vlasov stochastic differential equations (SDEs) that contain multiplicative fractional noise with Hurst parameter $H >$ 1/2 and highly oscillatory drift coefficient. Here the integral corresponding to fractional Brownian motion is the generalized Riemann-Stieltjes integral. Using Khasminskii's time discretization techniques, we prove that the solution of the original system strongly converges to the solution of averaging system as the times scale $\epsilon$ gose to zero in the supremum- and H\"older-topologies which are sharpen existing ones in the classical Mckean-Vlasov SDEs framework.Comment: 12 page

Research Of E-Commerce Enterprises Capability Maturity Theory And Initial Model Construction

With the constant development and evolution of “Internet+” strategic thinking, the electronic commerce enterprises have obtained the unprecedented growth, but also faced with great survival pressure and challenges. This research is based on the review and combing the historical development of capability maturity and in the light of the characteristics of e-commerce enterprises building a capability maturity model which contains five levels: the initial level, the repeatable level, the standard level, the managed level and the optimal level and five dimensions: strategy, organization, process, personnel and technical support. The capability maturity initial model of e-commerce enterprises establishes basic demand are obtained earnings, controlling risk and optimizing resources and with different stages of target the capabilities the electronic commerce enterprises should owned, at last this model generalizes a clear direction and standard for the e-commerce enterprises management

Smart Manufacturing Capability Maturity Model: Connotation, Feature And Trend

In March 2015, the Chinese government unveiled InternetPlus, an action plan expected to push forward the Chinese economy. The plan aims to integrate mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data, and the Internet of Things (IoT) with traditional industries to promote economic restructuring, improve people’s livelihoods, and even transform government and enterprises functions. However for the enterprises, how to evaluate the capability is still an unsolved issue. In this study, considering capability maturity theory and model existed, we summarized the concepts of smart manufacturing and relative research field, combined with the development trend of smart manufacturing and characteristics of the enterprise\u27s competition, a smart manufacturing capability maturity initial model with five levels and seven dimensions was defined. With this model, the connotation of smart manufacturing capability was unveiled and the model also provides reference for enterprises to assess and improve smart manufacturing capability

Incentives, Positive Emotions and SWOM Intention: Moderating Roles of Allocation Type and Emotion Regulation

With the increasing popularity of social networking sites (SNS), companies are adopting monetary incentives to generate eWOM on SNS (SWOM). Drawing on emotion and equity theories, this study explores effects of perceived magnitude of monetary incentives and emotions on consumer SWOM intention. In addition, this study investigates the moderating effects of allocation types of rewards (positive inequity and negative inequity) and emotion regulation (reappraisal and suppression emotion regulation) on these relationships. An online situational experiment was conducted and yielded valid responses from 193 WeChat users in China. With the preliminary data, we tested the direct, mediation, and moderation effects using SmartPLS 3.0. The empirical results show that (1) perceived monetary incentives have a positive effect on SWOM intention; (2) positive emotions of senders mediates the relationship between incentives and SWOM intention; (3) negative-inequity incentives negatively moderates the relationship between incentives and positive emotion, while the moderating effect of positive-inequity incentives is insignificant on the relationship between incentives and positive emotion; (4) reappraisal emotion regulation strengthens the effect of positive emotion on SWOM intention, whereas the moderating effect of suppression emotion regulation between positive emotion and SWOM intention is not statistically significant

Genome-wide identification and evolution of ATP-binding cassette transporters in the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila: A case of functional divergence in a multigene family

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In eukaryotes, ABC transporters that utilize the energy of ATP hydrolysis to expel cellular substrates into the environment are responsible for most of the efflux from cells. Many members of the superfamily of ABC transporters have been linked with resistance to multiple drugs or toxins. Owing to their medical and toxicological importance, members of the ABC superfamily have been studied in several model organisms and warrant examination in newly sequenced genomes.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 165 ABC transporter genes, constituting a highly expanded superfamily relative to its size in other eukaryotes, were identified in the macronuclear genome of the ciliate <it>Tetrahymena thermophila</it>. Based on ortholog comparisons, phylogenetic topologies and intron characterizations, each highly expanded ABC transporter family of <it>T</it>. <it>thermophila </it>was classified into several distinct groups, and hypotheses about their evolutionary relationships are presented. A comprehensive microarray analysis revealed divergent expression patterns among the members of the ABC transporter superfamily during different states of physiology and development. Many of the relatively recently formed duplicate pairs within individual ABC transporter families exhibit significantly different expression patterns. Further analysis showed that multiple mechanisms have led to functional divergence that is responsible for the preservation of duplicated genes.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Gene duplications have resulted in an extensive expansion of the superfamily of ABC transporters in the <it>Tetrahymena </it>genome, making it the largest example of its kind reported in any organism to date. Multiple independent duplications and subsequent divergence contributed to the formation of different families of ABC transporter genes. Many of the members within a gene family exhibit different expression patterns. The combination of gene duplication followed by both sequence divergence and acquisition of new patterns of expression likely plays a role in the adaptation of <it>Tetrahymen </it>a to its environment.</p

A prospective study on the association between spinal anesthesia and obesity

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of spinal anesthesia in obese and non-obese patients.Methods: In this study, 199 patients who underwent total knee replacement arthroplasty (TKRA) were categorized into obesity group (n = 61) and non-obesity group (n = 138). Anesthesia was considered successful if a bilateral T12 sensory blockage occurred within the first 15 min of injection of intrathecal drug. Parameters that influence spinal anesthesia were analyzed using logistic regression by means of multiple variables that independently influence the outcome of spinal anesthesia.Results: It was observed that the independent predictors for successful anesthesia in the patients were dose of bupivacaine (odds ratio at 95 % confidence interval = 2.08; range: 1.61 - 2.67) and obesity status (odds ratio at 95 % confidence interval = 2.83; range: 1.21 - 6.49). The outcome of the multivariate analysis also indicated that the dose of bupivacaine, body mass index (BMI) and obesity were predictors of spinal anesthesia. It was also found that the period of the sensory blockage due to bupivacaine was longer in the obesity group than in the non-obesity group.Conclusion: Sensory blockage in bupivacaine anesthesia during TKRA is influenced by dose of bupivacaine, obesity and BMI.Keywords: Spinal anesthesia, Total knee replacement arthroplasty, Bupivacaine, Obesity, Body mass index, Logistic regressio

Entrained flow gasification of coal/bio-oil slurries

Coal/bio-oil slurry (CBS) is a new partial green fuel for bio-oil utilization. CBS reacts with gasification agents at high temperatures and converts into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This paper provides a feasibility study for the gasification of CBS in an atmospheric entrained flow reactor for syngas production. Experiments have shown that CBS can be successfully processed and gasified in the entrained flow reactor to produce syngas with almost no tar content and low residual carbon formation. High reactor temperature and steam/carbon ratio is favourable for H-2 production. At 1400 degrees C with steam/carbon ratio of 5, the syngas components are similar with that in equilibrium. A synergistic effect exists between coal and bio-oil in coal/bio-oil slurry gasification which might be caused by the catalysis effect of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in bio-oil. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p

Bioavailable insulin-like growth factor-I as mediator of racial disparity in obesity-relevant breast and colorectal cancer risk among postmenopausal women

Bioavailable insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I interacts with obesity and exogenous estrogen in a racial disparity in obesity-related cancer risk, yet their interconnected pathways are not fully characterized. We investigated whether circulating bioavailable IGF-I acted as a mediator of the racial disparity in obesity-related cancers such as breast and colorectal (CR) cancers and how obesity and estrogen use regulate this relationship

A pathogenic picornavirus acquires an envelope by hijacking cellular membranes

Animal viruses are broadly categorized structurally by the presence or absence of an envelope composed of a lipid-bilayer membrane1, attributes that profoundly affect stability, transmission, and immune recognition. Among those lacking an envelope, the Picornaviridae are a large and diverse family of positive-strand RNA viruses that includes hepatitis A virus (HAV), an ancient human pathogen that remains a common cause of enterically-transmitted hepatitis2–4. HAV infects in a stealth-like manner and replicates efficiently in the liver5. Virus-specific antibodies appear only after 3–4 weeks of infection, and typically herald its resolution3,4. Although unexplained mechanistically, both anti-HAV antibody and inactivated whole-virus vaccines prevent disease when administered as late as 2 weeks after exposure6, when virus replication is well established in the liver5. Here, we show that HAV released from cells is cloaked in host-derived membranes, thereby protecting the virion from antibody-mediated neutralization. These enveloped viruses (“eHAV”) resemble exosomes7, small vesicles that are increasingly recognized to play important roles in intercellular communications. They are fully infectious, sensitive to chloroform extraction, and circulate in the blood of infected humans. Their biogenesis is dependent upon host proteins associated with endosomal-sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT)8, VPS4B and ALIX. While the hijacking of membranes by HAV facilitates escape from neutralizing antibodies and likely promotes virus spread within the liver, anti-capsid antibodies restrict replication following infection with eHAV, suggesting a possible explanation for post-exposure prophylaxis. Membrane hijacking by HAV blurs the classic distinction between “enveloped” and “nonenveloped” viruses, and has broad implications for mechanisms of viral egress from infected cells as well as host immune responses