What is Philosophy in Prison? George Eliot and the search for Moral Insight

I argue in this article that people in prison make excellent philosophers, for reasons related to what they are deprived of. I also suggest that great novels constitute, or at the very least, introduce us to, philosophy. Some of the deepest questions about human life can be addressed by fusing philosophical thinking with empirical research in prisons. Prisoners talk with depth and insight about what it is to feel human, what matters most in human experience, and the importance of the ‘vibrations of fellow feeling’

Suicide et tentatives de suicide en prison : vulnérabilité, ostracisme et soutien social

Malgré L'attention considérable des politiques dans ce domaine, le nombre de suicides dans les prisons d'Angleterre et du pays de Galles continue de poser un problème. Suite à la prolifération des études entreprises, d'importants progrès ont été réalisés. Nous allons ici revoir les conclusions clés de différentes études menées dans plusieurs pays au cours des dix dernières années. De plus en plus, le suicide en prison est considéré comme un problème de vulnérabilité et d'adaptation, et l'on croit qu'en améliorant les politiques et les relations on pourra offrir aux prisonniers ce soutien dont ils ont un si grand besoin. Les liens entre la capacité à résoudre des problèmes, l'adaptation, le soutien social et le comportement suicidaire en prison sont évidents ; le présent article soutient donc qu'il faut aborder le suicide dans le cadre des relations sociales interpersonnelles pour arriver à le comprendre. La recherche devrait s'appuyer sur la littérature sociologique facilement disponible et qui insiste sur l'importance des réseaux sociaux au sein de la communauté carcérale. Les détenus qui constituent un risque de suicide sont souvent les plus démunis quand il s'agit d'obtenir du soutien social ou de réagir aux rares sources de soutien disponible. Parallèlement aux méthodes psychologiques et aux tests psychométriques, la recherche devrait s'appuyer sur l'ethnographie et sur les modèles qualitatifs, ainsi que sur l'examen systématique du tissu complexe des relations existantes dans la communauté carcérale. Si cet article sert de tremplin à de plus amples discussions et qu'il génère davantage de recherche, son but aura été atteint.Prison suicides in England and Wales continue and present a problem despite considerable policy attention. Research has proliferated and some important advances have been made. Key findings from studies carried out over the last decade in several countries are reviewed. Prison suicide is increasingly seen as a problem of vulnerability and coping. Improvements to regimes and relationships can offer much needed support. There are clear links between problem-solving, coping, social support and suicidal behaviour in prison. This paper argues that prison suicide needs to be understood within a framework of interpersonal social relationships. Research should draw on readily available sociological literature, which highlights the significance of social networks in the prison community. Those at risk of suicide may be least likely to have, be able to summon, or respond to scarce sources of social support. Ethnographic and other qualitative modes of research should be used to supplement psychological methods and the use of psychometric tests. The complex web of relationships that constitute the prison community should be systematically examined. The aim of the paper is to serve as a springboard for further discussion and for the generation of further research

Privatising public prisons: Penality, law and practice

In October 2011, HM Prison Birmingham was transferred from public to private management, under G4S. This was the first time that an existing operational public prison was privatised in the UK. The move marked the third and most far reaching phase of prison privatisation policy, and was intended both to increase quality of life for prisoners, from a low baseline, and to reduce costs. Prior to 2011, private prisons had all been new-builds. Private contractors had thus far avoided the additional challenges of inheriting a pre-existing workforce and operating in old, often unsuitable, buildings. This article reports on a longitudinal evaluation of the complex process of the transition, and some outcomes for both staff and prisoners. As an experiment in the reorganisation of work and life in a ‘traditional’ public sector prison, the exercise was unprecedented, and has set the agenda for future transformations. The example illustrates the intense, distinctive and rapidly changing nature of penality as it makes itself felt in the lived prison experience, and raises important questions about the changing use of State power.The MQPL, G4S, National Offender Management Servic

Description at the Edge? I-It / I-Thou Relations and Action in Prisons Research

I argue in this article that, far from being ‘policy advisors’, our main moral purpose in research is ‘getting the description right’. Doing this takes time, effort and energy. Good description constitutes what Ferrell and Hamm (1998) called ‘edgework’. It requires courage and skill, and an I-Thou orientation toward our participants. The paradox, as Paul Rock (2014) suggests, is that whilst ‘policy change’ should not be the primary aim of criminological research, research done well can make poor policy choices, or ‘facile gestures’, less defensible, and can have impact on the world of practice in indirect as well as direct ways. 

Rhizomatic affective spaces and the therapeutic potential of music in prison: a qualitative meta-synthesis

Research literature supports that music programmes in prisons can have a therapeutic effect in prisoners’ lives that could promote personal development and assist the process towards desistance. The authors use a meta-synthetic approach to examine 12 qualitative articles published worldwide to explore the therapeutic potential of such programmes. The findings suggest that music programmes in prison are perceived by participating prisoners as a liberating process which encourages participation and allows for non-coercive personal development. The therapeutic potential of music programmes is located in the combination of the benefits emanating from the effect and practice of music and the creation of mental, spatial and temporal zones of free expression and those that derive from the egalitarian and non-authoritative approach employed by the facilitators. These findings are discussed along with aspects involved in the provision of offender treatment as well as factors that affect treatment response and engagement

Quality of prison life, violence and mental health in Dubrava prison.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to explore the association between the quality of prison life and mental health among prisoners and the occurrence of violence. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: In total, 203 prisoners from Dubrava Correctional Center in Kosovo participated. Data on background characteristics of the prisoners, quality of prison life, mental health symptoms and exposure to physical, psychological and sexual violence were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using general linear models (GLM) and manual backwards model search with step-wise exclusion. FINDINGS: The GLM analysis showed a significant negative association between anxiety symptom load (-1.4), physical violence (-1.5) and psychological violence (-1.9), and quality of prison life. Furthermore, it appeared that prisoners rating of quality of life (QoL) increased with time among prisoners not exposed to violence, while this was not seen among prisoners exposed to violence. Finally, there was an inverse association between the dimensions of respect, fairness, humanity and good staff/prisoner relations, and the proportion of prisoners exposed to violence. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: An environment with higher levels of respect, fairness, humanity and good relations between staff and prisoners was associated with lower levels of violence. Hence, a prison that focuses on promoting QoL and good mental health among prisoners will show lower levels of violence, thereby making the prison a more tolerable place for the prisoners and a better working environment for prison staff.Dignit

Disavowing 'the' prison

This chapter confronts the idea of ‘the’ prison, that is, prison as a fixed entity. However hard we, that is, prison scholars including ourselves, seek to deconstruct and critique specific aspects of confinement, there is a tendency to slip into a default position that envisions the prison as something given and pre-understood. When it comes to prison our imagination seems to clog up. It is the political solution to its own failure, and the preferred metaphor for its own representation

Establishing a 'Corstonian continuous care pathway for drug using female prisoners: Linking Drug Recovery Wings and Womens Community Services

This article outlines the findings from a rapid assessment of pilot Drug Recovery Wings (DRWs) in two women’s prisons and compares the DRW approach with work undertaken in Women’s Community Services (WCSs) commended by the Corston Report. The findings indicate that DRW1 was working more successfully in providing a ‘Corstonian’ approach than DRW2 and the reasons behind this are explored. The article argues that, while pockets of good practice such as WCSs and ‘Corstonian’ DRWs are to be commended, unless there is a continuous care pathway, modelled on Corston’s ideas for working with vulnerable female offenders such as recovering drug users, such work will be limited in its effectiveness. Ideas for how such a systematic approach might work will be outlined

Punitive restoration and restorative justice.

Criminal justice policy faces the twin challenges of improving our crime reduction efforts while increasing public confidence. These challenges are exacerbated by the fact that at least some measures popular with the public are counterproductive to greater crime reduction. How to achieve greater crime reduction without sacrificing public confidence? While restorative justice approaches offer a promising alternative to traditional sentencing with the potential to achieve these goals, they suffer from several serious obstacles, not least their relatively limited applicability, flexibility, and public support. Punitive restoration is a new and distinctive idea about restorative justice modeled on an important principle of stakeholding, which states that those who have a stake in penal outcomes should have a say about them. Punitive restoration is restorative insofar as it aims to achieve the restoration of rights infringed or threatened by criminal offences. Punitive restoration is punitive insofar as the available options for this agreement are more punitive than found in most restorative justice approaches, such as the option of some form of hard treatment. Punitive restoration sheds new light on how we may meet the twin challenges of improving our efforts to reduce reoffending without sacrificing public confidence, demonstrating how restorative practices can be embedded deeper within the criminal justice system