47 research outputs found
The Justices and the Generals: A Critical Examination of the U.S. Supreme Court\u27s Tradition of Deference to the Military, 1918-2004
Michael Schudson, The Rise of the Right to Know: Politics and the Culture of Transparency 1945-1975
Scorpions in a Corked Bottle: The Dubious Redistricting Jurisprudence of the United States Supreme Court
Corticosteroid-responsive Enteropathy of Infancy
Nineteen American infants aged less than three months developed
persistent diarrhoea, acidosis, hypoalbuminaemia, and malnutrition,
without evidence of enteric pathogens. Symptoms began 11-59 days before
admission to the University of North Carolina Children's Hospital, and
infants were fed semi-elemental formula. Despite further treatment with
amino acid-based formula by continuous nasogastric infusion, diarrhoea
persisted. Endoscopic biopsies showed inflammation in the stomach,
duodenum, and/or colon. A trial of intravenous corticosteroids was
initiated in 14 infants. Corticosteroids were associated with rapid
resolution of diarrhoea (duration after corticosteroids=3.8\ub11.7
days [mean+SD]). In contrast, five infants with identical history were
not treated with corticosteroids. In three infants, diarrhoea lasted
for 92-147 days versus 31\ub13 total days in the treated group. In
the other two infants, diarrhoea worsened after discharge, but were
treated later with corticosteroids, with rapid resolution.
Corticosteroids were uneventfully weaned over a four-month period. The
results suggest that a trial of corticosteroids in infants with
unresponsive persistent diarrhoea of unknown origin is beneficial and
deserves prospective evaluation
Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics--2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association.
Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, other vascular diseases, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update*The Statistical Update is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media professionals, the lay public, and many others who seek the best national data available on heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality and the risks, quality of care, medical procedures and operations, and costs associated with the management of these diseases in a single document*Indeed, since 1999, the Statistical Update has been cited \u3e10 500 times in the literature, based on citations of all annual versions*In 2011 alone, the various Statistical Updates were cited ≈1500 times (data from ISI Web of Science)*In recent years, the Statistical Update has undergone some major changes with the addition of new chapters and major updates across multiple areas, as well as increasing the number of ways to access and use the information assembled*For this year\u27s edition, the Statistics Committee, which produces the document for the AHA, updated all of the current chapters with the most recent nationally representative data and inclusion of relevant articles from the literature over the past year*This year\u27s edition also implements a new chapter organization to reflect the spectrum of cardiovascular health behaviors and health factors and risks, as well as subsequent complicating conditions, disease states, and outcomes*Also, the 2013 Statistical Update contains new data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with additional new focus on evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the AHA\u27s 2020 Impact Goals*Below are a few highlights from this year\u27s Update . © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc
Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics--2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association.
Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, other vascular diseases, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update. The Statistical Update is a critical resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media professionals, the lay public, and many others who seek the best available national data on heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality and the risks, quality of care, use of medical procedures and operations, and costs associated with the management of these diseases in a single document. Indeed, since 1999, the Statistical Update has been cited >10 500 times in the literature, based on citations of all annual versions. In 2012 alone, the various Statistical Updates were cited ≈3500 times (data from Google Scholar). In recent years, the Statistical Update has undergone some major changes with the addition of new chapters and major updates across multiple areas, as well as increasing the number of ways to access and use the information assembled. For this year's edition, the Statistics Committee, which produces the document for the AHA, updated all of the current chapters with the most recent nationally representative data and inclusion of relevant articles from the literature over the past year. This year's edition includes a new chapter on peripheral artery disease, as well as new data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with additional new focus on evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the AHA's 2020 Impact Goals. Below are a few highlights from this year's Update. © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc
Features and Outcomes of 899 Patients With Drug-Induced Liver Injury: The DILIN Prospective Study
The drug-induced liver injury network (DILIN) is conducting a prospective study of patients with DILI in the United States. We present characteristics and subgroup analyses from the first 1257 patients enrolled in the study
Gitlow v. New York: Every Idea an Incitement. By Marc Lendler. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2012. 184p. 17.95 paper. - Speech & Harm: Controversies over Free Speech. Edited by Ishani Maitra and Mary Kate McGowan. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. 256p. 35.00 paper.
Composition of Weight Loss In Severely Obese Women: A New Look At Old Methods
Seven severely obese, outpatient dieters lost weight (mean ± SEM, 14 ± 1 kg), and the composition of weight lost was determined by six different models. Total body water (TBW), total body potassium (TBK), and body density, bone mineral content, and fat as determined by dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) were measured while subjects were weight-stable, before and after weight loss. Fat loss was calculated by three two-compartment models (2C-TBW, 2C-TBK, and hydrodensitometry [2C-HD]), one three-compartment model (HD with correction for water content of fat-free mass (FFM], 3C), and one four-compartment model (HD with correction for water and mineral content of FFM, 4C), and was measured directly by DPA. Mean composition of weight loss was similar for all models (mean weight lost as fat: 89% for DPA, 91.5% for 4C, 89% for 3C, 88.6% for 2C-HD, and 87% for 2C-TBW) except 2C-TBK (weight lost as fat, 66%). There was a much wider range of individual values for the 2C-TBW and 2C-TBK models (17% to 138% and 18% to 93%, respectively) than for the multicompartment models (63% to 112%) and DPA (76% to 107%). Almost opposite results were obtained for the same individual when using the 2C-TBK and 2C-TBW models. The discrepancy between these models was due to the inverse relationship between changes in TBW and TBK in the group as a whole (r = - .34, NS). In addition, TBK loss was found to be dependent on the initial level of hyperinsulinemia, calculated as the area under the 2-hour oral glucose tolerance curve. In conclusion, in severely obese patients, fat-loss measurements by presently available methods are not very consistent for individuals, although group averages are similar. Individual differences are due to variable changes in body fluid and potassium compartments, and multicompartment models are recommended to correct for this