Landscape Pattern Analysis and Quality Evaluation in Beijing Hanshiqiao Wetland Nature Reserve

AbstractTaking the Landsat TM and ASTER images of Hanshiqiao wetland nature reserve in 1988, 1996 and 2004 as data source, based on the landscape types from imagery classification, the reserve landscape pattern and its changes were analyzed, meanwhile, the landscape quality and its changes were evaluated and discussed. Several landscape pattern indices were analyzed, the results indicated that from 1988 to 2004, as the result of natural factors and human disturbances, the landscape structure has been changed, landscape fragmentation has become more and more serious, patches have been tended to regular shape, and connectivity of the natural wetland has been weakened. In addition, the landscape quality was evaluated based on the indicators of pressure, state and response. The results showed that during 1996-2004 periods, the landscape quality for Hanshiqiao wetland nature reserve has degraded obviously, which was mainly influenced by human activities breaking into wetland landscape. Effective wetland management and control is therefore needed to solve the issues of the wetland loss and degradation in Hanshiqiao wetland nature reserve

Actively implementing an evidence-based feeding guideline for critically ill patients (NEED): a multicenter, cluster-randomized, controlled trial

Background: Previous cluster-randomized controlled trials evaluating the impact of implementing evidence-based guidelines for nutrition therapy in critical illness do not consistently demonstrate patient benefits. A large-scale, sufficiently powered study is therefore warranted to ascertain the effects of guideline implementation on patient-centered outcomes. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, cluster-randomized, parallel-controlled trial in intensive care units (ICUs) across China. We developed an evidence-based feeding guideline. ICUs randomly allocated to the guideline group formed a local "intervention team", which actively implemented the guideline using standardized educational materials, a graphical feeding protocol, and live online education outreach meetings conducted by members of the study management committee. ICUs assigned to the control group remained unaware of the guideline content. All ICUs enrolled patients who were expected to stay in the ICU longer than seven days. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 28 days of enrollment. Results: Forty-eight ICUs were randomized to the guideline group and 49 to the control group. From March 2018 to July 2019, the guideline ICUs enrolled 1399 patients, and the control ICUs enrolled 1373 patients. Implementation of the guideline resulted in significantly earlier EN initiation (1.20 vs. 1.55 mean days to initiation of EN; difference − 0.40 [95% CI − 0.71 to − 0.09]; P = 0.01) and delayed PN initiation (1.29 vs. 0.80 mean days to start of PN; difference 1.06 [95% CI 0.44 to 1.67]; P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality (14.2% vs. 15.2%; difference − 1.6% [95% CI − 4.3% to 1.2%]; P = 0.42) between groups. Conclusions: In this large-scale, multicenter trial, active implementation of an evidence-based feeding guideline reduced the time to commencement of EN and overall PN use but did not translate to a reduction in mortality from critical illness. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN12233792. Registered November 20th, 2017

Actively implementing an evidence-based feeding guideline for critically ill patients (NEED): a multicenter, cluster-randomized, controlled trial.

BackgroundPrevious cluster-randomized controlled trials evaluating the impact of implementing evidence-based guidelines for nutrition therapy in critical illness do not consistently demonstrate patient benefits. A large-scale, sufficiently powered study is therefore warranted to ascertain the effects of guideline implementation on patient-centered outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, cluster-randomized, parallel-controlled trial in intensive care units (ICUs) across China. We developed an evidence-based feeding guideline. ICUs randomly allocated to the guideline group formed a local "intervention team", which actively implemented the guideline using standardized educational materials, a graphical feeding protocol, and live online education outreach meetings conducted by members of the study management committee. ICUs assigned to the control group remained unaware of the guideline content. All ICUs enrolled patients who were expected to stay in the ICU longer than seven days. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 28 days of enrollment.ResultsForty-eight ICUs were randomized to the guideline group and 49 to the control group. From March 2018 to July 2019, the guideline ICUs enrolled 1399 patients, and the control ICUs enrolled 1373 patients. Implementation of the guideline resulted in significantly earlier EN initiation (1.20 vs. 1.55 mean days to initiation of EN; difference - 0.40 [95% CI - 0.71 to - 0.09]; P = 0.01) and delayed PN initiation (1.29 vs. 0.80 mean days to start of PN; difference 1.06 [95% CI 0.44 to 1.67]; P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality (14.2% vs. 15.2%; difference - 1.6% [95% CI - 4.3% to 1.2%]; P = 0.42) between groups.ConclusionsIn this large-scale, multicenter trial, active implementation of an evidence-based feeding guideline reduced the time to commencement of EN and overall PN use but did not translate to a reduction in mortality from critical illness.Trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN12233792 . Registered November 20th, 2017

Actively implementing an evidence-based feeding guideline for critically ill patients (NEED): a multicenter, cluster-randomized, controlled trial (vol 26, 46, 2022)

BackgroundPrevious cluster-randomized controlled trials evaluating the impact of implementing evidence-based guidelines for nutrition therapy in critical illness do not consistently demonstrate patient benefits. A large-scale, sufficiently powered study is therefore warranted to ascertain the effects of guideline implementation on patient-centered outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, cluster-randomized, parallel-controlled trial in intensive care units (ICUs) across China. We developed an evidence-based feeding guideline. ICUs randomly allocated to the guideline group formed a local "intervention team", which actively implemented the guideline using standardized educational materials, a graphical feeding protocol, and live online education outreach meetings conducted by members of the study management committee. ICUs assigned to the control group remained unaware of the guideline content. All ICUs enrolled patients who were expected to stay in the ICU longer than seven days. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 28 days of enrollment.ResultsForty-eight ICUs were randomized to the guideline group and 49 to the control group. From March 2018 to July 2019, the guideline ICUs enrolled 1399 patients, and the control ICUs enrolled 1373 patients. Implementation of the guideline resulted in significantly earlier EN initiation (1.20 vs. 1.55 mean days to initiation of EN; difference - 0.40 [95% CI - 0.71 to - 0.09]; P = 0.01) and delayed PN initiation (1.29 vs. 0.80 mean days to start of PN; difference 1.06 [95% CI 0.44 to 1.67]; P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality (14.2% vs. 15.2%; difference - 1.6% [95% CI - 4.3% to 1.2%]; P = 0.42) between groups.ConclusionsIn this large-scale, multicenter trial, active implementation of an evidence-based feeding guideline reduced the time to commencement of EN and overall PN use but did not translate to a reduction in mortality from critical illness.Trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN12233792 . Registered November 20th, 2017

Establishment of a Novel Agricultural Science and Technology Service System in Beijing

Guiding ideology and objective of new agricultural science and technology service system in Beijing City are introduced based on the development status of agricultural science and technology service system in Beijing. Then, the six components of new agricultural science and technology service system in Beijing City are analyzed, which are government department system, public welfare extension agency system for agricultural technology, agrotechnical extension agent system at village level, scientific research institution system, peasants economic cooperative organization system, and agriculture-related enterprise system. And the three transmission routes of agricultural science and technology service are also put forward, such as public welfare service route of agricultural science and technology, operating service route of agricultural science and technology, and supporting route of agricultural science and technology. Among them, operating service route can be divided into government-guided industrialization transmission route and market-oriented technology transmission route. Finally, concrete ideas for establishing the new agricultural science and technology service system in Beijing City are discussed from four aspects, including mechanism construction, talent team construction, institution and organization construction, and support and guarantee

Establishment of a Novel Agricultural Science and Technology Service System in Beijing

Guiding ideology and objective of new agricultural science and technology service system in Beijing City are introduced based on the development status of agricultural science and technology service system in Beijing. Then, the six components of new agricultural science and technology service system in Beijing City are analyzed, which are government department system, public welfare extension agency system for agricultural technology, agrotechnical extension agent system at village level, scientific research institution system, peasants economic cooperative organization system, and agriculture-related enterprise system. And the three transmission routes of agricultural science and technology service are also put forward, such as public welfare service route of agricultural science and technology, operating service route of agricultural science and technology, and supporting route of agricultural science and technology. Among them, operating service route can be divided into government-guided industrialization transmission route and market-oriented technology transmission route. Finally, concrete ideas for establishing the new agricultural science and technology service system in Beijing City are discussed from four aspects, including mechanism construction, talent team construction, institution and organization construction, and support and guarantee.Beijing, China, A novel science and technology service, System construction, Extension organization, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Industrial Organization, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

A Statistical Assessment of the Impact of Agricultural Land Use Intensity on Regional Surface Water Quality at Multiple Scales

Understanding the effects of intensive agricultural land use activities on water resources is essential for natural resource management and environmental improvement. In this paper, multi-scale nested watersheds were delineated and the relationships between two representative water quality indexes and agricultural land use intensity were assessed and quantified for the year 2000 using multi-scale regression analysis. The results show that the log-transformed nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) index exhibited a relationship with chemical fertilizer input intensity and several natural factors, including soil loss, rainfall and sunlight at the first order watershed scale, while permanganate index (CODMn) had a positive relationship with another two input intensities of pesticides and agricultural plastic mulch and organic manure at the fifth order watershed scale. The first order watershed and the fifth order watershed were considered as the watershed adaptive response units for NO3-N and CODMn, respectively. The adjustment of agricultural input and its intensity may be carried out inside the individual watershed adaptive response unit. The multiple linear regression model demonstrated the cause-and-effect relationship between agricultural land use intensity and stream water quality at multiple scales, which is an important factor for the maintenance of stream water quality

Reactive oxygen species induced by plant essential oil for effective degradation of p-phenylenediamine

p-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is an aromatic amine commonly used in hair dyes which has high toxicity including carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. It is crucial to eliminate its danger to public health and environmental quality. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are promising methods to degrade contaminants using reactive oxygen species (ROS) but are often complex and toxic. Herein, a simple, green and environmentally friendly strategy is proposed to degrade pollutants using biochar loaded self-emulsifying orange peel essential oil (BC/SE-OPEO) to efficiently adsorb and degrade PPD. After the optimal experiments, the results show that the PPD removal efficiency of 50 mg BC/SE-OPEO reaches around 98% after 110 min at 40 °C. In addition, BC/SE-OPEO was successfully applied to the removal of PPD from actual hair dye sewage and from dyed hair. Mechanistic investigations proves that ROS plays a vital role in the degradation of PPD which is eventually degraded to carbon dioxide and water

Cu(II)-catalyzed decarboxylation/elimination of N-arylsulfonyl amino acids to primary aryl sulfonamides

<p>A novel protocol for CuO-catalyzed decarboxylation/elimination of N-arylsulfonyl amino acids was developed. It is the first example of using an accessible amino acid as an ammonia synthetic equivalent for the synthesis of primary aryl sulfonamides via oxidative decarboxylation/elimination reactions. The present protocol shows excellent functional group tolerance and provides an efficient method for the synthesis of primary aryl sulfonamides in excellent yields.</p