674 research outputs found
The developmental trajectory of empathy and its association with early symptoms of psychopathology in children with and without hearing loss
Empathy enables people to share, understand, and show concern for others' emotions. However, this capacity may be more difficult to acquire for children with hearing loss, due to limited social access, and the effect of hearing on empathic maturation has been unexplored. This four-wave longitudinal study investigated the development of empathy in children with and without hearing loss, and how this development is associated with early symptoms of psychopathology. Seventy-one children with hearing loss and cochlear implants (CI), and 272 typically-hearing (TH) children, participated (aged 1-5 years at Time 1). Parents rated their children's empathic skills (affective empathy, attention to others' emotions, prosocial actions, and emotion acknowledgment) and psychopathological symptoms (internalizing and externalizing behaviors). Children with CI and TH children were rated similarly on most of the empathic skills. Yet, fewer prosocial actions were reported in children with CI than in TH children. In both groups, affective empathy decreased with age, while prosocial actions and emotion acknowledgment increased with age and stabilized when children entered primary schools. Attention to emotions increased with age in children with CI, yet remained stable in TH children. Moreover, higher levels of affective empathy, lower levels of emotion acknowledgment, and a larger increase in attention to emotions over time were associated with more psychopathological symptoms in both groups. These findings highlight the importance of social access from which children with CI can learn to process others' emotions more adaptively. Notably, interventions for psychopathology that tackle empathic responses may be beneficial for both groups, alike.Otorhinolaryngolog
Creep Lifetime Assessment of Pressure-Tight PE100 Pipes Based on a Slow Fatigue Crack Growth
Polyethylene pipes are widely used in water supply, gas, and sewage systems due to their excellent mechanical properties. A slow crack growth is the primary fracture mechanism for the pipes under long-term internal pressures. If the creep loading is treated as a special case of fatigue loading, the slow crack growth kinetics of polyethylene is defined in fatigue fracture tests at different stress ratios and extrapolated to creep crack kinetics. Linear elastic fracture mechanics concepts became the basis for predicting the creep lifetime of pressure-tight pipes subjected to various hoop stresses from extrapolated (synthetic) creep crack growth curves, and the prediction is in good agreement with the standard extrapolation, in accordance with ISO 9080.Полиэтиленовые трубы широко применяются в водоснабжении, системах газоснабжения и канализации благодаря их высоким механическим свойствам. Медленный рост трещин является основным механизмом разрушения полиэтиленовых труб под длительным внутренним давлением. Рассматривая нагружение при ползучести как особый случай усталостного нагружения, кинетика медленного роста трещин в полиэтиленовом материале определяется путем испытаний на усталостное разрушение при различных коэффициентах асимметрии цикла напряжений и экстраполируется на кинетику трещин ползучести. Исходя из теории линейноупругой механики разрушения долговечность при ползучести полиэтиленовой трубы под давлением, подверженной действию различных окружных напряжений, прогнозируется на основе синтетической кривой роста трещин ползучести, и прогнозы хорошо согласуются со стандартной экстрополяцией в соответствии с ISO 9080
Detection of herb-symptom associations from traditional chinese medicine clinical data
YesTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an individualized medicine by observing the symptoms and signs (symptoms in brief) of patients. We aim to extract the meaningful herb-symptom relationships from large scale TCM clinical data. To investigate the correlations between symptoms and herbs held for patients, we use four clinical data sets collected from TCM outpatient clinical settings and calculate the similarities between patient pairs in terms of the herb constituents of their prescriptions and their manifesting symptoms by cosine measure. To address the large-scale multiple testing problems for the detection of herb-symptom associations and the dependence between herbs involving similar efficacies, we propose a network-based correlation analysis (NetCorrA) method to detect the herb-symptom associations. The results show that there are strong positive correlations between symptom similarity and herb similarity, which indicates that herb-symptom correspondence is a clinical principle adhered to by most TCM physicians. Furthermore, the NetCorrA method obtains meaningful herb-symptom associations and performs better than the chi-square correlation method by filtering the false positive associations. Symptoms play significant roles for the prescriptions of herb treatment. The herb-symptom correspondence principle indicates that clinical phenotypic targets (i.e., symptoms) of herbs exist and would be valuable for further investigations
Transmission Properties of the oscillating delta-function potential
We derive an exact expression for the transmission amplitude of a particle
moving through a harmonically driven delta-function potential by using the
method of continued-fractions within the framework of Floquet theory. We prove
that the transmission through this potential as a function of the incident
energy presents at most two real zeros, that its poles occur at energies
(), and that the
poles and zeros in the transmission amplitude come in pairs with the distance
between the zeros and the poles (and their residue) decreasing with increasing
energy of the incident particle. We also show the existence of non-resonant
"bands" in the transmission amplitude as a function of the strength of the
potential and the driving frequency.Comment: 21 pages, 12 figures, 1 tabl
The Conformal Willmore Functional: a Perturbative Approach
The conformal Willmore functional (which is conformal invariant in general
Riemannian manifold ) is studied with a perturbative method: the
Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction. Existence of critical points is shown in ambient
manifolds -where is a metric close
and asymptotic to the euclidean one. With the same technique a non existence
result is proved in general Riemannian manifolds of dimension three.Comment: 34 pages; Journal of Geometric Analysis, on line first 23 September
201
Determinant Representations of Correlation Functions for the Supersymmetric t-J Model
Working in the -basis provided by the factorizing -matrix, the scalar
products of Bethe states for the supersymmetric t-J model are represented by
determinants. By means of these results, we obtain determinant representations
of correlation functions for the model.Comment: Latex File, 41 pages, no figure; V2: minor typos corrected, V3: This
version will appear in Commun. Math. Phy
Energy relaxation of an excited electron gas in quantum wires: many-body electron LO-phonon coupling
We theoretically study energy relaxation via LO-phonon emission in an excited
one-dimensional electron gas confined in a GaAs quantum wire structure. We find
that the inclusion of phonon renormalization effects in the theory extends the
LO-phonon dominated loss regime down to substantially lower temperatures. We
show that a simple plasmon-pole approximation works well for this problem, and
discuss implications of our results for low temperature electron heating
experiments in quantum wires.Comment: 10 pages, RevTex, 4 figures included. Also available at
http://www-cmg.physics.umd.edu/~lzheng
Drinfeld twist and symmetric Bethe vectors of the open XYZ chain with non-diagonal boundary terms
With the help of the Drinfeld twist or factorizing F-matrix for the
eight-vertex solid-on-solid (SOS) model, we find that in the F-basis provided
by the twist the two sets of pseudo-particle creation operators simultaneously
take completely symmetric and polarization free form. This allows us to obtain
the explicit and completely symmetric expressions of the two sets of Bethe
states of the model.Comment: Latex file, 25 page
Search for the Rare Decays J/Psi --> Ds- e+ nu_e, J/Psi --> D- e+ nu_e, and J/Psi --> D0bar e+ e-
We report on a search for the decays J/Psi --> Ds- e+ nu_e + c.c., J/Psi -->
D- e+ nu_e + c.c., and J/Psi --> D0bar e+ e- + c.c. in a sample of 5.8 * 10^7
J/Psi events collected with the BESII detector at the BEPC. No excess of signal
above background is observed, and 90% confidence level upper limits on the
branching fractions are set: B(J/Psi --> Ds- e+ nu_e + c.c.)<4.8*10^-5, B(J/Psi
--> D- e+ nu_e + c.c.) D0bar e+ e- + c.c.)<1.1*10^-5Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure
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