The Concept of Aether in Classical Electrodynamics and Einstein's Relativity

The paper sketches the impact the concept of aether had on the historical development of relativistic physics. It depicts how and why the concept of aether was at the core of a seeming contradiction between the Galilean principle of relativity and the law of the constancy of the speed of light, which implied a fundamental discord between classical electrodynamics and Newtonian mechanics, and was a major topic throughout 19th century physics. We note some of the consequences of Einstein’s formulation of special relativity, which represented a synthesis of both mentioned theories within one common theoretical framework. It also led Einstein to ban the notion of aether from physics. The paper describes Einstein’s development from special to general relativity and shows how the latter eventually influenced his reintroduction of the concept of relativistic aether to accentuate the dynamic properties of general relativistic spacetime

Gödlovo pojmovanje časa in Badioujeva razklenitev konstruktivizma

In the paper we present Badiou's critique of constructivist thought which – among others – aims directly at the philosophy of Leibniz. The paper presents the Leibnizian influences on Kurt Gödel, paying special attention to Gödel's conceptualization of time which stems from Gödel's solutions to Einstein's relativistic equations. While engaging in this particular problem Gödel arrives at a point that Badiou has to overcome in order to establish his system of philosophy.V prispevku predstavimo Badioujevo kritiko konstruktivizma, ki je med drugim eksplicitno usmerjena proti Leibnizu. Predstavimo tudi Leibnizov vpliv na Gödla, še zlasti z ozirom na Gödlovo pojmovanje časa, ki izhaja iz Gödlovih rešitev Einsteinovih enačb teorije relativnosti. Gödel se pri tej obravnavi ustavi na točki, ki jo mora Badiou preseči, da bi lahko vzpostavil svoj filozofski sistem

Neural network approach to sea-level modeling case study of a storm surge in the gulf of trieste in early december 2008

Tide tables can be a useful tool for sea-level forecasting in many areas. Slovenian operational\ud service for hydrological forecasts at the Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia\ud frequently deploys tide tables alongside least square harmonic analysis to predict maximum sea\ud levels in the Gulf of Trieste. Meteorological influences such as pressure gradient, wind stress and\ud induced basin eigenoscillations (seiches) along the main axis of the Adriatic basin have repeatedly\ud been proven as important factors influencing the sea level in the Gulf of Trieste. They are, however,\ud only indirectly included in the harmonic analysis which in itself requires a large number of\ud carefully tuned model parameters in order to make useful short-range forecasts. A number of recent\ud reports show that an artificial neural network (ANN) can greatly improve sea level forecasts,\ud providing we supply it with suitable input variables (ie. previous water levels, air pressure, wind\ud speed, wind direction, tide charts etc.) We report on an ANN-based analysis of the recent storm\ud surge and flooding events at the Slovenian coast in the beginning of December 2008. The ANN\ud model compares favourably with the currently used conventional forecasting methods.\u

Characterisation of low-frequency sea level oscillations in the Mediterranean sea

Implementing adequate defences for low-lying coastal area against coastal flooding requires thorough knowledge of all potential influences leading to increased sea levels, including low-frequency sea level oscillations. We present and describe several methods applicable for the analysis of low-frequency sea level oscillations in the Mediterranean Sea: wavelet analysis, spectral analysis, moving-periodogram analysis, and rotary spectral analysis. These methods were applied for characterisation of subinertial sea level oscillations with periods greater of the period of inertial oscillation (18 hours in the Northern Adriatic Sea) on measured sea surface elevations and current velocities in the Mediterranean Sea. Preliminary analysis was performed on observations of a storm event in the Adriatic Sea at the end of January and the beginning of February 2014, revealing a peak in the frequency spectrum in the frequency band between 0.3−0.4 day−1. Further analysis was done on long-term tide gauge measurements available for 62 stations in the Mediterranean basin. The application of the selected methods provided a preliminary set of seasonal occurrences and durations of subinertial oscillation. This sets the ground for further investigation into the propagation of low-frequency sea level oscillations throughout the Mediterranean basin and for characterisation of the mechanisms triggering the process, including with regard to climate change

Mapping human impacts to support sustainable uses of marine ecosystems in the Mediterranean sea

European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly, 23-27 May 2022, Vienna, AustriaLocal and global anthropogenic pressures due to climate change and to local uses and activities are exerting significant cumulative impacts to greater extents of the oceans and seas. Coastal ecosystems are particularly threatened by the intensity and coexistence of several marine uses and pressures, including sewage and urban constructions, tourism, ship traffic, fisheries and aquaculture. Assessment of pressures and the identification of mitigation measures are key urgent actions, as already highlighted by the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 14. The aim of this work, developed within the Interreg-Med project SHAREMED, is to systematize existing knowledge on threats and pollution, including those of transboundary origin, for long term strategies and common action marine spatial planning, jointly developed with stakeholders. The quest is to assess coexisting environmental threats, and their propagation in space and time, at proper spatial and temporal scales, according to the type and action of each stressor (i.e. global vs. local). Cumulative pressures are tackled within a dedicated Atlas comprising three sub-basinsins of the Mediterranean Sea: the North Adriatic Sea, the Sicilian Channel and the North-Western region. The Atlas integrates information generated at the best available resolutions by 1) in-situ sampling, 2) remote observations, 3) numerical models, and 4) focusing on target ecosystems and habitat forming species. These sub-basins are subjected to multiple local and larger scale (e.g. climate) pressures that propagate in space and time, and across political boundaries, that need to be addressed through coordinated actions, based on evidence-rooted common understanding. Interactions with relevant Stakeholders, solicited through an online survey, and meetings, were used to select target ecosystems and to identify the key relevant pressures. The Atlas is based on open-access databases and portals, literature reviews and from ad-hoc model simulations concerning marine heatwaves, ship traffic, oil pollution, marine litter and fishing efforts. We will present the main preliminary results and needs and gaps in observations related to marine ecosystems threatsPeer reviewe

Coastal Sea Level Monitoring in the Mediterranean and Black Seas

Spanning over a century, a traditional way to monitor sea level variability by tide gauges is – in combination with modern observational techniques like satellite altimetry – an inevitable ingredient in sea level studies over the climate scales and in coastal seas. The development of the instrumentation, remote data acquisition, processing and archiving in last decades allowed for extending the applications towards a variety of users and coastal hazard managers. The Mediterranean and Black50 seas are an example for such a transition – while having a long tradition for sea level observations with several records spanning over a century, the number of modern tide gauge stations are growing rapidly, with data available both in real-time and as a research product at different time resolutions. As no comprehensive survey of the tide gauge networks has been carried out recently in these basins, the aim of this paper is to map the existing coastal sea level monitoring infrastructures and the respective data availability. The survey encompasses description of major monitoring networks in the Mediterranean and Black55 seas and their characteristics, including the type of sea level sensors, measuring resolutions, data availability and existence of ancillary measurements, altogether collecting information about 236 presently operational tide gauge stations. The availability of the Mediterranean and Black seas sea level data in the global and European sea level repositories has been also screened and classified following their sampling interval and level of quality-check, pointing to the necessity of harmonization of the data available with different metadata and series at different repositories. Finally, an assessment of the networks’ capabilities60 for their usage in different sea level applications has been done, with recommendations that might mitigate the bottlenecks and assure further development of the networks in a coordinated way, being that more necessary in the era of the human-induced climate changes and the sea level ris

Časovnost v Badioujevi ontologiji in Veliki logiki

In his ontology, Badiou operates with historical situations that are identified as situations whose representation regime is prone to change. Similarly, his Greater Logic operates with changes and modifications of the transcendental related to a change in a particular world determined by its transcendental. In both ontology and logic, Badiou often loosely relates the occurrence of change to temporality, but the operative concept of temporality remains unclear. The paper aims to provide a concept of temporality, borrowed from physics, and which seems consistent with Badiou’s system of thought and helps in comprehending it. We use this concept of time, which explicitly links disorder and temporality (or lack of temporality) in an attempt to elucidate certain parts of Badiou’s ontology and logic.Badiou v ontologiji operira s historičnimi situacijami, ki jih identificira z možnostjo spremembe reprezentacijskega režima. Njegova Velika logika podobno operira s spremembami transcendentala, ki so povezane s spremembo sveta, ki ga transcendental določa. Možnost spremembe je na nekaj mestih v ontologiji in logiki implicitno povezana s pojmom časovnosti, ni pa povsem jasno, kaj je z uporabljenim pojmom časovnosti mišljeno. V prispevku skušamo podati operativno ilustracijo pojma časovnosti, ki si ga izposodimo iz fizike, in ki se zdi skladen z Badioujevim miselnim sistemom ter produktiven za njegovo razumevanje. S pomočjo tega pojmovanja časovnosti, ki eksplicitno povezuje urejenost in časovnost (ali pač njeno odsotnost) skušamo na novo osvetliti nekatera mesta Badioujeve ontologije in logike

Gödlovo pojmovanje časa in Badioujeva razklenitev konstruktivizma

In the paper we present Badiou's critique of constructivist thought which – among others – aims directly at the philosophy of Leibniz. The paper presents the Leibnizian influences on Kurt Gödel, paying special attention to Gödel's conceptualization of time which stems from Gödel's solutions to Einstein's relativistic equations. While engaging in this particular problem Gödel arrives at a point that Badiou has to overcome in order to establish his system of philosophy.V prispevku predstavimo Badioujevo kritiko konstruktivizma, ki je med drugim eksplicitno usmerjena proti Leibnizu. Predstavimo tudi Leibnizov vpliv na Gödla, še zlasti z ozirom na Gödlovo pojmovanje časa, ki izhaja iz Gödlovih rešitev Einsteinovih enačb teorije relativnosti. Gödel se pri tej obravnavi ustavi na točki, ki jo mora Badiou preseči, da bi lahko vzpostavil svoj filozofski sistem