上海嘉定区35岁以上首诊测压工作的回顾与展望

Objective: To understand the policy development of blood pressure test blood pressure test among residents above 35 years old at first visit in Jiading district in Shanghai in order to provide a better reference for the development of the blood pressure test. Methods: Retrospect is from the following three aspects: the policy advancement of the blood pressure measurement, the progress of the work and the next step of the development of blood pressure test to first diagnosis above 35 years old. Results: The total of policy documents related to prevention and treatment of chronic disease, published by national, Shanghai municipal and Jiading District government department are 185. There are 22 policy documents aspects of the prevention and control of hypertension among these documents, and 11 involving measurement of blood pressure test in the first diagnosis patients above 35 years old, 5.95% proportion of above total policy documents. These policy documents involving blood pressure test are technical solutions. There are 3 policy documents (1 Shanghai municipal, 2 Jiading District) involving measurement of blood pressure test published in 1999 and before; and 4 policy documents (2 national, 2 Shanghai municipal) during 2000-2008; and 4 policy documents (4 national) published after 2009. At present, the work runs well in Jiading district, and the work runs better in the community health service center than the comprehensive hospital. Conclusions: More and more documents were released from the national department, provincial department and local health department so that solid policy guarantees the work of blood pressure test for residents above 35 years old at first visit in Jiading district in Shanghai. The development and use of information software provides a powerful tool for the pressure measurement. Along with the perfect of supporting measures, the work of blood pressure test to first diagnosis above 35 years old will be further developed and improved.目的  了解上海嘉定区35岁以上首诊测压工作的发展历程，为更好地推进首诊测压工作提供参考。方法  按照政策出台时间、类别和内容，围绕国家、上海市和嘉定区三份层面，从测压政策的演变、测压工作的进展和下一步的发展三份方面对上海嘉定区35岁以上首诊测压工作的进展和走向进行了回顾与展望。结果  国家、上海市、嘉定区出台的相关慢性病政策文件共185份，其中高血压防控方面的有22份，涉及到首诊测压政策方面的有11份，占慢病政策的5.95%。在出台的首诊测压政策文件中，均为技术性的文件。1999年及以前的政策有3份（其中上海市1份、嘉定区2份）；2000～2008年期间的政策共有4份（其中国家2份、上海市2份）；2009年及以后的政策有4份（均为国家的）。目前全区的测压工作进展良好，社区卫生服务中心的测压工作相对比二级医院的发展得好。结论  国家、省市和县区级卫生部门的政策性文件的陆续出台，为35岁以上首诊测压工作提供坚实的政策性保障，信息软件的开发与使用为测压工作提供了有力的手段。 随着测压工作的各项配套措施推进，35岁以上首诊测压工作会进一步得到发展与提高

Enhanced surface acceleration of fast electrons by using sub-wavelength grating targets

Surface acceleration of fast electrons in intense laser-plasma interaction is improved by using sub-wavelength grating targets. The fast electron beam emitted along the target surface was enhanced by more than three times relative to that by using planar target. The total number of the fast electrons ejected from the front side of target was also increased by about one time. The method to enhance the surface acceleration of fast electron is effective for various targets with sub-wavelength structured surface, and can be applied widely in the cone-guided fast ignition, energetic ion acceleration, plasma device, and other high energy density physics experiments.Comment: 14 pages, 4figure

The Maximal U(1)LU(1)_L Inverse Seesaw from d=5d=5 Operator and Oscillating Asymmetric Sneutrino Dark Matter

The maximal $U(1)_L$ supersymmetric inverse seesaw mechanism (M$L$SIS) provides a natural way to relate asymmetric dark matter (ADM) with neutrino physics. In this paper we point out that, M$L$SIS is a natural outcome if one dynamically realizes the inverse seesaw mechanism in the next-to minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) via the dimension-five operator $(N)^2S^2/M_*$, with $S$ the NMSSM singlet developing TeV scale VEV; it slightly violates lepton number due to the suppression by the fundamental scale $M_*$, thus preserving $U(1)_L$ maximally. The resulting sneutrino is a distinguishable ADM candidate, oscillating and favored to have weak scale mass. A fairly large annihilating cross section of such a heavy ADM is available due to the presence of singlet.Comment: journal versio

Effects of tumor metabolic microenvironment on regulatory T cells

Recent studies have shown that on one hand, tumors need to obtain a sufficient energy supply, and on the other hand they must evade the body’s immune surveillance. Because of their metabolic reprogramming characteristics, tumors can modify the physicochemical properties of the microenvironment, which in turn affects the biological characteristics of the cells infiltrating them. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subset of T cells that regulate immune responses in the body. They exist in large quantities in the tumor microenvironment and exert immunosuppressive effects. The main effect of tumor microenvironment on Tregs is to promote their differentiation, proliferation, secretion of immunosuppressive factors, and chemotactic recruitment to play a role in immunosuppression in tumor tissues. This review focuses on cell metabolism reprogramming and the most significant features of the tumor microenvironment relative to the functional effects on Tregs, highlighting our understanding of the mechanisms of tumor immune evasion and providing new directions for tumor immunotherapy

Hardware-aware training for large-scale and diverse deep learning inference workloads using in-memory computing-based accelerators

Analog in-memory computing (AIMC) -- a promising approach for energy-efficient acceleration of deep learning workloads -- computes matrix-vector multiplications (MVMs) but only approximately, due to nonidealities that often are non-deterministic or nonlinear. This can adversely impact the achievable deep neural network (DNN) inference accuracy as compared to a conventional floating point (FP) implementation. While retraining has previously been suggested to improve robustness, prior work has explored only a few DNN topologies, using disparate and overly simplified AIMC hardware models. Here, we use hardware-aware (HWA) training to systematically examine the accuracy of AIMC for multiple common artificial intelligence (AI) workloads across multiple DNN topologies, and investigate sensitivity and robustness to a broad set of nonidealities. By introducing a new and highly realistic AIMC crossbar-model, we improve significantly on earlier retraining approaches. We show that many large-scale DNNs of various topologies, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and transformers, can in fact be successfully retrained to show iso-accuracy on AIMC. Our results further suggest that AIMC nonidealities that add noise to the inputs or outputs, not the weights, have the largest impact on DNN accuracy, and that RNNs are particularly robust to all nonidealities.Comment: 35 pages, 7 figures, 5 table

Prognostic and immunological significance of calcium-related gene signatures in renal clear cell carcinoma

Background: Calcium signaling is implicated in multiple processes including immune response that important in tumor progression. Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most frequent histological type of renal cell carcinoma with up to a third of cases develop metastases. As a result of a lack of in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying KIRC, treatment options have been limited. Here, we aim to comprehensively investigate the landscape of Ca2+ channels, pumps and exchangers in KIRC patients.Methods: The mRNA expression profiles and gene variations of 58 calcium-related genes (CRGs) in KIRC patients and normal control cases were downloaded from TCGA database. CRGs-related risk score was constructed to quantify calcium patterns by using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The prognostic value, biological functions, immune landscape and therapeutic sensitivities based on CRGs-related risk score were then evaluated using multiple methods. Finally, key gene of CRGs was identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). TCGA-CPTAC, GSE53757 datasets, as well as human tissues were used for validation.Results: KIRC patients had significant differences in CRG expression, prognosis, and biological functions between two CRG clusters. CRGs-related risk score was then determined. The prognosis, tumor mutation burden, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, and the response of targeted inhibitors were remarkably different between high and low CRGs-related risk subtypes. CRGs-related high-risk subtype was characterized by immunosuppressive microenvironment with poor prognosis. Meanwhile, several targeted drugs showed distinct sensitivity between CRGs-related risk subtypes. Finally, TRPM3 was identified as a key CRG based on risk score in KIRC patients. TRPM3 mRNA and protein expression were significantly lower in KIRC tumors than in normal controls. Low TRPM3 expression was associated with poor prognosis in KIRC patients.Conclusion: Our study highlighted the promising prognostic value of CRGs in KIRC tumors. The evaluation of CRGs-related risk score will contribute to predicting prognosis and clinical therapy in KIRC patients

Cover to Volume 3

The fibroblast mitogen platelet-derived growth factor -BB (PDGF-BB) induces a transient expression of the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 (also named Nur77, TR3 or NGFIB). The aim of the present study was to investigate the pathways through which NR4A1 is induced by PDGF-BB and its functional role. We demonstrate that in PDGF-BB stimulated NIH3T3 cells, the MEK1/2 inhibitor CI-1040 strongly represses NR4A1 expression, whereas Erk5 downregulation delays the expression, but does not block it. Moreover, we report that treatment with the NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 suppresses NR4A1 mRNA and protein expression. The majority of NR4A1 in NIH3T3 was found to be localized in the cytoplasm and only a fraction was translocated to the nucleus after continued PDGF-BB treatment. Silencing NR4A1 slightly increased the proliferation rate of NIH3T3 cells; however, it did not affect the chemotactic or survival abilities conferred by PDGF-BB. Moreover, overexpression of NR4A1 promoted anchorage-independent growth of NIH3T3 cells and the glioblastoma cell lines U-105MG and U-251MG. Thus, whereas NR4A1, induced by PDGF-BB, suppresses cell growth on a solid surface, it increases anchorage-independent growth