32,375 research outputs found
Evolving macro-actions for planning
Domain re-engineering through macro-actions (i.e. macros) provides one potential avenue for research into learning for planning. However, most existing work learns macros that are reusable plan fragments and so observable from planner behaviours online or plan characteristics offline. Also, there are learning methods that learn macros from domain analysis. Nevertheless, most of these methods explore restricted macro spaces and exploit specific features of planners or domains. But, the learning examples, especially that are used to acquire previous experiences, might not cover many aspects of the system, or might not always reflect that better choices have been made during the search. Moreover, any specific properties are not likely to be common with many planners or domains. This paper presents an offline evolutionary method that learns macros for arbitrary planners and domains. Our method explores a wider macro space and learns macros that are somehow not observable from the examples. Our method also represents a generalised macro learning framework as it does not discover or utilise any specific structural properties of planners or domains
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Lay Theories About Whether Emotion Helps or Hinders: Assessment and Effects on Emotional Acceptance and Recovery From Distress.
This investigation examined how people's beliefs about the functionality of emotion shape their emotional response and regulatory strategies when encountering distressing events. In Study 1, we present data supporting the reliability and validity of an 8-item instrument, the Help and Hinder Theories about Emotion Measure (HHTEM), designed to assess an individual's beliefs about the functionality of emotion. Participants who more strongly endorsed a Help Theory reported greater wellbeing, emotional acceptance, and use of reappraisal to regulate emotion. Participants who more strongly endorsed a Hinder Theory reported less wellbeing and more expressive suppression and substance use. In Study 2, we demonstrate that encouraging participants to view emotion as helpful affected their physiological and regulatory response to a distressing event. Participants in the Help Theory condition showed greater physiological reactivity (SCL) during a distressing film than control participants but were more accepting of their emotional response. Shortly after the film, SCL decreased for participants in the Help Theory condition. Compared to control participants, they engaged in less suppression and reported less lingering effect of the film on their mood. Together, these studies suggest that people's theories about the functionality of emotion influence their reactivity, the strategies they adopt to regulate emotion, and their ability to rebound after distressing events
A study of a non-deepening tropical disturbance
Data from research vessel, instrumented research aircraft, and Tiros VI and Tiros VII SATELLITES to study nondeepening tropical disturbanc
Aperture synthesis for microwave radiometers in space
A technique is described for obtaining passive microwave measurements from space with high spatial resolution for remote sensing applications. The technique involves measuring the product of the signal from pairs of antennas at many different antenna spacings, thereby mapping the correlation function of antenna voltage. The intensity of radiation at the source can be obtained from the Fourier transform of this correlation function. Theory is presented to show how the technique can be applied to large extended sources such as the Earth when observed from space. Details are presented for a system with uniformly spaced measurements
The effect of electromagnetic properties of neutrinos on the photon-neutrino decoupling temperature
We examine the impact of electromagnetic properties of neutrinos on the
annihilation of relic neutrinos with ultra high energy cosmic neutrinos for the
process. For this process, photon-neutrino
decoupling temperature is calculated via effective lagrangian model beyond the
standard model. We find that photon-neutrino decoupling temperature can be
importantly reduced below the QCD phase transition with the model independent
analysis defining electromagnetic properties of neutrinos.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, published versio
Force chain splitting in granular materials: a mechanism for large scale pseudo-elastic behaviour
We investigate both numerically and analytically the effect of strong
disorder on the large scale properties of the hyperbolic equations for stresses
proposed in \protect\cite{bcc,wcc}. The physical mechanism that we model is the
local splitting of the force chains (the characteristics of the hyperbolic
equation) by packing defects. In analogy with the theory of light diffusion in
a turbid medium, we propose a Boltzmann-like equation to describe these
processes. We show that, for isotropic packings, the resulting large scale
effective equations for the stresses have exactly the same structure as those
of an elastic body, despite the fact that no displacement field needs to be
introduced at all. Correspondingly, the response function evolves from a two
peak structure at short scales to a broad hump at large scales. We find,
however, that the Poisson ratio is anomalously large and incompatible with
classical elasticity theory that requires the reference state to be
thermodynamically stable.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, An incorrect definition of the Poisson ratio in
dimensions not equal to 3 was amended. The conclusions are unchange
Flocking Regimes in a Simple Lattice Model
We study a one-dimensional lattice flocking model incorporating all three of
the flocking criteria proposed by Reynolds [Computer Graphics vol.21 4 (1987)]:
alignment, centring and separation. The model generalises that introduced by O.
J. O' Loan and M. R. Evans [J. Phys. A. vol. 32 L99 (1999)]. We motivate the
dynamical rules by microscopic sampling considerations. The model exhibits
various flocking regimes: the alternating flock, the homogeneous flock and
dipole structures. We investigate these regimes numerically and within a
continuum mean-field theory.Comment: 24 pages 7 figure
The use of data-mining for the automatic formation of tactics
This paper discusses the usse of data-mining for the automatic formation of tactics. It was presented at the Workshop on Computer-Supported Mathematical Theory Development held at IJCAR in 2004. The aim of this project is to evaluate the applicability of data-mining techniques to the automatic formation of tactics from large corpuses of proofs. We data-mine information from large proof corpuses to find commonly occurring patterns. These patterns are then evolved into tactics using genetic programming techniques
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Scenarios of energy efficiency and CO2 emissions reduction potential in the buildings sector in China to year 2050
As Chinaās rapid urbanization continues and urban dwellers become more affluent, energy use in buildings is expected to grow. To understand how this growth can be slowed, we explore four scenarios for Chinese buildings, ranging from a high-energy-demand scenario with no new energy policies to lowest energy demand under a techno-economic-potential scenario that assumes full deployment of cost-effective efficient and renewable technologies by 2050. We show that, in the high energy demand scenario, building energy demand has an average annual growth rate of about 2.8%, with slower growth rates in the other three scenarios. In all scenarios, CO2 emissions grow slower than energy, with building CO2 peaking around 2045 in the high energy demand scenario, and as early as 2030 in the techno-economic-potential scenario. We show that although various technological solutions, systems and practices can be very effective in minimizing building energy use, rigorous policies are needed to overcome multiple implementation barriers
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