Optimization of dimensionally stable laminated composites by using genetic algorithms

Design of dimensionally stable materials is crucial for the aero-space structures such as space telescopes and satellites. Laminated composite materials can be suitably designed under the requirement for the space structures utilizing the mathematical optimization methods. The aim of the present study is to design the stacking sequence of the symmetric balance laminated composites having low coefficient of thermal expansion and high elastic modulus. In the optimization process single and multi-objective approaches have been achieved based on Genetic Algorithms. In the laminated composite design problems, carbon and E-glass fibers reinforced epoxy matrix are used. Obtained results have been compared with the conventional designs([± 45] S, ([0/90] S ) and it is shown that the optimum ones have lower coefficient of thermal expansion and higher elastic modulus, simultaneously.Boyutsal kararlı malzemelerin tasarımı, teleskop, uydu gibi uzay ve havacılık yapıları için önemli bir konudur. Bu bağlamda, tabakalı kompozit malzemeler uzay yapıları gerekliliklerini matematiksel optimizasyon metotlarının kullanımı ile karşılayabilir hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, düşük ısıl genleşme katsayısı ve yüksek elastisite modülüne sahip boyutsal kararlı, simetrik-balans tabakalı kompozit plakaların optimum açı dizilimlerini elde etmektir. Bu proses tek ve çok amaçlı optimizasyon yaklaşımları ile Genetik Algoritma metodu kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kompozit plaka tasarım problemlerinde karbon ve E-glass epoksi malzemeler kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar geleneksel tasarımlar ([± 45] S, ([0/90] S ) ile kıyaslanmış ve optimum olanların ısıl genleşme katsayısının daha düşük ve aynı zamanda elastisite modülünün daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür

SİGARA İÇEN VE İÇMEYEN PERİODONTİTİS HASTALARINDA CERRAHİSİZ PERİODONTAL TEDAVİYE EK OMEGA-3 KULLANILMASININ KLİNİK PARAMETRELERE OLAN ETKİLERİNİN RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Giriş ve Amaç: Bu klinik çalışmanın amacı sigara içen ve içmeyen periodontitis hastalarında cerrahisiz tedaviye ek olarak uygulanan omega-3 kullanılmasının klinik parametreler üzerine etkinliğinin retrospektif olarak araştırılmasıdır. Materyal-Metot: Toplam 4 farklı çalışma grubu tasarlanarak çalışma için Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Periodontoloji Anabilim Dalı Kliniği’nde tedavisi tamamlanmış ve Prof. Dr. Mehmet Sağlam tarafından takip edilmiş olan 80 hastanın klinik verileri incelendi. Sistemik olarak sağlıklı, günlük 10’dan fazla sigara içen veya hiç sigara kullanmamakta olan hastaların verileri tarandı. Test gruplarına; cerrahisiz tedavi sırasında omega-3 kullanımı uygulanan sigara içmeyen (T1) ve içen (T2) 20 şer hasta dahil edildi. Kontrol gruplarına ; cerrahisiz periodontal tedavisi sırasında herhangi bir konak modülasyonu uygulanmayan sigara içmeyen (K1) ve içen (K2) 20 şer hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların plak indeksi (Pİ), gingival indeksi (Gİ), sondlamada kanama indeksi (SK), sondlama cep derinliği (SCD), klinik ataşman seviyesi (KAS) kayıtlarını içeren klinik periodontal verileri tedaviden önce ve tedavi sonrası 1. Ve 3. ayda olmak üzere farklı zaman dilimlerinde incelendi. Bulgular: Tüm klinik parametreler tedaviden sonra başlangıca göre tüm gruplar için GI,SK,PI,SCD ve KAS parametrelerinde 3. ayda başlangıca göre anlamlı derecede iyileşme görülmüştür. (p<0,001). Sigara içen kontrol grubunda viii GI,SK,PI, SCD ve KAS miktarları K2 grubunda diğer tüm gruplara göre anlamlı derecede kötü bir iyileşme göstermiştir (p<0.001). Sigara içmeyen T1 grubunda orta derin ve derin cep iyileşme miktarları anlamlı derecede diğer gruplara göre daha fazla olduğu görülmektedir (p<0.001). Sigara içen T2 test grubunda derin ceplerin iyileşme miktarları 3. ay sonunda sigara içmeyen K1 kontrol grubuna benzer sonuçlar göstermiştir (p>0.05). Sonuç: Özellikle hastalık ilerleme hızının yüksek olduğu ve sigara kullanımı gibi risk faktörlerinin bulunduğu hastalarda, periodontal tedaviye olan kötü yanıtı azaltabildiği için anti-enflamatuar, anti-oksidan ve anti bakteriyel faydalar gösterebilen omega-3 takviyesi cerrahisiz periodontal tedaviye ek olarak önerilebilir

Clinical applications of free arterialized venous flaps

WOS: 000345527100026PubMed ID: 24961162Venous flaps are flaps by which tissue perfusion is accessed through the venous network. Despite originally being questioned due to potential perfusion problems, as the dynamics of tissue perfusion have been more fully comprehended, venous flaps appear to have a far wider range of application than first thought. In our study, we analyzed the clinical results of the applications of free arterialized venous flaps along with the factors that can affect flap survival. Forty-one flaps were assessed retrospectively. Type of the trauma, traumatized area, the time duration between trauma and application of the flap, donor area, type and count of the anastomosis, encountered complications, and flap survival rates were analyzed. Regression and classification trees were used to study the relationship between flap surface area, anastomosis count, and flap survival. Circulatory abnormalities such as early congestion and edema were seen in 53.6% of the applied flaps. A total of four flaps (9.7%) developed necrosis which presented as full thickness in three flaps and partial thickness in one flap. It can be said that there was a weak but positive correlation between the size of the flap area and the number of anastomosis. Although the results of arterialized venous flaps are inconsistent in the literature, those flaps can be preferred as an alternative treatment option in single finger defects where tissue compatibility and cosmetic results are quite impressive. In the meantime, syndactylized venous flaps are the preferred method regarding multiple finger soft-tissue defects. (C) 2014 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Comparison of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) with AO dynamic condylar screws (DCS) for the treatment for unstable peritrochanteric femoral fractures

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the results of intramedullary fixation with those of plate-screw fixation for peritrochanteric femoral fracture patients older than 60 years old. METHODS: This article reports on a retrospective review of patients who had peritrochanteric femoral fractures and were treated with a 95° fixed-angle screw plate (DCS) or an intramedullary nailing system (PFNA). Patients with 79 fractures were enrolled in the study; 47 of them were treated with the PFNA system and 37 with the DCS. Followed for at least 1 year, the treatment groups were compared by taking into consideration all demographic and trauma variables. RESULTS: No significant differences were discovered between the two groups with regard to side of injury, mechanism of trauma, associated comorbidities, AO fracture classification, average follow-up duration, mortality, and fracture reduction quality at the 1-year follow-up. The average surgical time was significantly lower in the PFNA group (57 min.) compared to the DCS group (87 min.). Longer operative time was needed in the DCS group, and thus, greater blood loss occurred compared to the PFNA group. The functional results of the PFNA group were found to be significantly better than those of the DCS group. CONCLUSIONS: Owing to some advantages, such as minimal exposure, reduced operative blood loss, and the achievement of biological fixation, PFNA is a better choice for the treatment for unstable peritrochanteric fractures

The effect of photobiomodulation on total amount of substance P in gingival crevicular fluid: placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial

Savran, Levent/0000-0001-8824-3207WOS: 000461371500011PubMed: 30171442To investigate the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) and placebo on total amount of substance P in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) pre- and postoperatively. Twenty-six patients having tooth with symptomatic apical periodontitis were enrolled in this study. GCF was collected preoperatively. The patients were assigned into two groups (n=13), as follows: placebo and PBM. Sampling was repeated 7days after root canal treatment. Two independent samples T test was used for analyzing of the differences between preoperative and postoperative substance P levels in GCF (p=.05). The Pearson correlation analysis was used for determination of correlation among substance P levels and other variables. For placebo group, there is no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative total amounts of substance P level (p=0.553). For PBM group, postoperative total amount of substance P level was significantly higher than those of preoperative level (p=0.005). Within the limitation of the present study, PBM has immunomodulation effect linked to the modulation of the total amount of substance P in the gingival crevicular fluid. Thai Clinical Trials Registry: TCTR20161228002Department of Endodontics, Erzurum, TurkeyThe work was supported by the Department of Endodontics, Erzurum, Turkey

Effect of intracanal diode laser application and low-level laser therapy on CGRP change

Savran, Levent/0000-0001-8824-3207WOS: 000467760500026PubMed: 30892373The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a placebo, intracanal diode laser application, and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the change of the total amount of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) (split-mouth study design). GCF sampling was performed on a contralateral tooth and experimental tooth (root canal-treated tooth) of thirty-nine patients. The patients were divided into three groups (n = 13), as follows: placebo (mock laser application), intracanal laser application, and LLLT. GCF sampling was repeated at the same sites (experimental and control teeth) one week after root canal treatment. The data were analyzed using the Pearson's correlation analysis and the independent-samples t-tests (p=0.05). In the placebo group, the total CGRP level changes in the GCF before and after treatment was significantly higher for experimental teeth than for control teeth (p 0.05). Intracanal laser application and low-level laser therapy have immunomodulation effects linked to the modulation of the total amount of CGRP in the GCF

Macrophage migration-inhibitory factor is elevated in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective: In reports, abnormal macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) production has been associated with several diseases. Furthermore, despite scarce data, increasing evidence suggest that MIF plays a central role in glucose homeostasis and in the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. However, serum MIF levels in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have not yet been investigated. To address this question, we performed a prospective study between a group of pregnant women with GDM and healthy pregnant controls. Materials and methods: GDM group consisted of 43 pregnant women, whereas the control group consisted of 40 healthy pregnant women. In the morning after an overnight fast, venous blood was sampled for the measurement of serum concentrations of insulin and MIF. Serum was separated by centrifugation and immediately stored at -80 degrees C until the assay. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups for maternal characteristics. Women with GDM had significantly higher levels of serum insulin (14.37 +/- 9.92 mu U/ml vs. 8.78 +/- 4.35 mu U/ml; p = 0.001) and serum MIF concentrations (11.31 +/- 4.92 ng/ml vs. 5.31 +/- 4.07 ng/ml; p < 0.001) when compared with healthy pregnant control group. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that serum levels of MIF are significantly elevated in patients with GDM. Our findings indicate that MIF might have a role in GDM; however, there is a need for further investigation