Port of Antwerp, 1900-2000

The database contains time-series on maritime (sea-borne) and continental (hinterland) througput in the port of Antwerp. Also, data on shipping movements, infrastructure and superstructure of the Antwerp port have been included. The database was composed in the framework of a Ph.D. on functional shifts in the port of Antwerp. Website where data set is available: http://www.econ.kuleuven.ac.be/ew/academic/econhist/ [not accessible, 13-11-2019

Port of Antwerp, 1900-2000

The database contains time-series on maritime (sea-borne) and continental (hinterland) througput in the port of Antwerp. Also, data on shipping movements, infrastructure and superstructure of the Antwerp port have been included. The database was composed in the framework of a Ph.D. on functional shifts in the port of Antwerp. Website where data set is available: http://www.econ.kuleuven.ac.be/ew/academic/econhist/ [not accessible, 13-11-2019

Roman pottery production in Civitas Tungrorum, central Belgium, during the first–third centuries ce

Aspects of Roman pottery production at the workshops of Kontich, Tienen, Rumst, Grobbendonk and Clavier-Vervoz in the Civitas Tungrorum of central Belgium are explored. A total of 150 wasters from five sites were studied macroscopically, as well as via a combina- tion of thin-section petrography, geochemistry and scanning electron microscopy, in order to gain insights into ceramic technology and aspects of the organization of production. Particu- lar emphasis was given to the individual technological sequences and shared strategies of raw material selection, paste preparation and firing employed at the five adjacent sites. The inte- gration of petrographic and geochemical data permitted the establishment of compositional reference groups for the Roman kiln sites of Civitas Tungrorum, which can be used to track their products within the surrounding landscape.© 2019 The Author

Lignocellulosic feedstock supply systems with intermodal and overseas transportation

With growing demand for internationally traded biomass, the logistic operations required to economically move biomass from the field or forest to end- users have become increasingly complex. To design cost effective and sustainable feedstock supply chains, it is important to understand the economics, energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, their interdependencies, and the related uncertainties of the logistic process operations of international supply chains. This paper presents an approach to assessing lignocellulosic feedstock supply systems at the operational level. For this purpose, the Biomass Logistic Model (BLM) has been linked with the Geographic Information Systems-based Biomass Intermodal Transportation Model (BIT-UU) and extended with inter-continental transport routes. Case studies of herbaceous and woody biomass, produced in the US Midwest and US Southeast, respectively, and shipped to Europe for conversion to Fischer-Tropsch (FT) diesel are included to demonstrate how intermodal transportation and, in particular, overseas shipping integrates with the bioenergy supply chains. For the cases demonstrated, biomass can be supplied at 99 € Mg−1 to 117 € Mg−1 (dry) and converted to FT diesel at 19 € GJ−1 to 24 € GJ−1 depending on the feedstock type and location, intermediate (chips or pellets) and size of the FT diesel production plant. With the flexibility to change the design of supply chains as well as input variables, many alternative supply chain cases can be assessed