11 research outputs found

    Tongue forces and handgrip strength in normal individuals: association with swallowing

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    OBJECTIVES: To describe and correlate tongue force and grip strength measures and to verify the association of these measures with water swallowing in different age groups. METHOD: Tongue force was evaluated using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument and grip strength using the Hand Grip in 90 normal individuals, who were divided into three groups: young (18-39 years old), adult (40-59 years old) and elderly (above 60 years old) individuals. The time and number of swallows required for the continuous ingestion of 200 ml of water were also measured. RESULTS: A reduction in tongue force and grip strength, as well as an increase in the time required to drink 200 ml of water, were observed with increasing participant age. There was no difference in the number of swallows among the three groups. A correlation was observed between reductions in tongue force and grip strength in the groups of young and elderly individuals. CONCLUSION: There were differences in the measures of tongue force in young, adult and elderly individuals. Greater variations within these differences were observed when repeated movements were performed; in addition, a decrease in strength was associated with an increase in age. The decrease in tongue force among the elderly was offset by the increase in time needed to swallow the liquid. There was an association between the measures of tongue force and grip strength in the different age groups. The results of this study can be applied clinically and may act as a basis for guidelines in healthy or vulnerable elderly populations

    Estimulação elétrica funcional associada ao treinamento combinado pós-CRM: ensaio clínico randomizado

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    Aún no se han establecido los efectos de agregar estimulación eléctrica  funcional (EPS) cortoplacista al  entrenamiento aeróbico y de  resistencia (entrenamiento combinado) en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de injerto de derivación de las arterias  coronarias (CABG). El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el impacto de la adición de EPS al entrenamiento combinado sobre el flujo arterial periférico, la capacidad funcional y la calidad de vida de los pacientes post-CABG que participan en un programa  de rehabilitación cardíaca de Fase II. Este es un ensayo clínico aleatorizado, doble ciego, compuesto por 17 pacientes (54,8±10,5 años, 12 hombres) aleatorizados en un grupo de intervención (GI, n=8) sometidos a EEF  en el músculo cuádriceps asociado a entrenamiento combinado o en grupo simulado (GS, n=9), que realizó el simulacro de EEF en asociación con el entrenamiento combinado. Los resultados evaluados fueron: flujo  arterial periférico (índice tobillo braquial), capacidad funcional (distancia recorrida en la prueba de caminata de seis minutos – 6MWT) y calidad de vida (cuestionario MacNew). Al comparar los grupos, el aumento delíndice tobillo braquial (GI: 0,14±0,08 mmHg vs. GC: 0,05±0,04 mmHg; p=0,020) y la puntuación para el  dominio global del cuestionarioMacNew (GI: 1,1±0,3 puntos vs. GC: 0,6±0,4 puntos; p=0,020) fueron mayores en el GI. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias entre los gruposen la 6MWT (GI: 130,9±73,7 m vs. GS: 73,7±32,6 m; p=0,072). La adición de EEF, durante un período corto, potenció los efectos del ejercicio aeróbico y de resistencia sobre el flujo arterial  periférico y la calidad de vida en pacientes post-CABG en la Fase II de rehabilitación cardíaca.Os efeitos da adição da estimulação elétrica funcional (EEF) ao treinamento aeróbico e resistido (treino combinado) de curto prazo em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM) ainda não foram estabelecidos. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar o impacto da adição da EEF ao treino combinado no fluxo arterial periférico, na capacidade funcional e na qualidade de vida de pacientes pós-CRM participantes de um programa de reabilitação cardíaca – Fase II. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado, duplo cego, composto por 17 pacientes (54,8±10,5 anos, 12 homens) randomizados ou em grupointervenção (GI, n=8,) submetido à EEF no músculo quadríceps associada ao treino combinado, ou em grupo sham (GS, n=9), que realizou a EEF sham em associação ao treino combinado. Os desfechos avaliados foram: fluxo arterial periférico (índice tornozelo-braquial), capacidade funcional (distância percorrida no teste de caminhada de seis minutos – DTC6M)e qualidade de vida (questionário MacNew). Na comparação entre os grupos, o aumento do índice tornozelo-braquial (GI: 0,14±0,08 mmHg vs. GC: 0,05±0,04 mmHg; p=0,020) e do escore do domínio global do questionário MacNew (GI: 1,1±0,3 pontos vs. GC: 0,6±0,4 pontos; p=0,020) foi maior no GI. Entretanto, não foi observada diferença entre os grupos para a DTC6M (GI: 130,9±73,7 m vs. GS: 73,7±32,6 m; p=0,072). A adição da EEF, durante curto período, potencializou os efeitos do exercício aeróbico e resistido sobre o fluxo arterialperiférico e a qualidade de vida em pacientes pós CRM em Fase II da reabilitação cardíaca.The effects of adding functional electrical stimulation (FES) to short-term aerobic and resistance exercise(combined training) in patients  undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery have not yet  quality of life of post-CABG patients  participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program – Phase II. This is a  randomized, double-blind, clinical trial,  composed of 17 patients (54.8±10.5  years old, 12 men) randomized or in an intervention group (IG, n=8,) submitted to FES in the quadriceps muscle  associated with combined training, or in a sham group (SG, n=9), which  performed the FES sham in association with the combined training. The  evaluated outcomes were: peripheral arterial flow (ankle-brachial index),  functional capacity (distance covered in the six-minute walk test – 6MWT) and quality of life (MacNew questionnaire). In the comparison between the groups,the increase in the ankle-brachial index (IG: 0.14±0.08mmHg vs. CG: 0.05±0.04mmHg; p=0.020) and the score of the global MacNew questionnaire (IG: 1.1±0.3 points vs.  CG: 0.6±0.4 points; p=0.020) was higher in the IG. However, no difference was observed between the groups for the 6MWT (IG: 130.9±73.7m vs. SG:  73.7±32.6m; p=0.072). The addition of FES, during a short period, potentiated the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on peripheral arterial flow and quality of life in patients after CABG in Phase II of cardiac rehabilitation

    Treinamento muscular inspiratório em indivíduos obesos: um estudo piloto

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    To investigate the effects of TMI on lipid peroxidation in obese individuals. Methods: Seven obese subjects with a mean age of 34 ± 5 years participated in this study. It was evaluated the respiratory muscle strength, the inspiratory muscle endurance, the exercise tolerance by the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the quality of life, as well, is was investigate the occurrence of lipid peroxidation by determining the levels of reactive substances thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) before and after four weeks of TMI, performed at 30% of maximal inspiratory pressure. Results: TMI induced increase in inspiratory muscle strength (p=0.008), inspiratory muscle resistance (p=0.0003) and improvement in the physical domain of quality of life score. However, TMI did not alter the distance on the 6MWT and the levels of TBARS (p=0.85). Conclusion: Four weeks of TMI increases inspiratory muscle strength and endurance and improves the physical domain of quality of life, but does not change the TBARS levels in obese.Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos do TMI sobre a lipoperoxidação em indivíduos obesos. Metodologia: Participaram desse estudo sete indivíduos obesos com idade média de 34 ± 5 anos. Foi avaliada a força muscular respiratória, a resistência muscular inspiratória, a tolerância ao exercício pelo teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6m), a qualidade de vida e a ocorrência de lipoperoxidação através da determinação dos níveis de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), antes e após quatro semanas de TMI, realizado à 30% da pressão inspiratória máxima. Resultados: O TMI induziu aumento na força muscular inspiratória (p=0,008), na resistência muscular inspiratória (p=0,0003), bem como ocasionou melhora no domínio físico do escore de qualidade de vida. Entretanto, o TMI não alterou a distância percorrida no TC6m e os níveis de TBARS (p=0,85). Conclusão: Quatro semanas de TMI aumentam a força e resistência muscular inspiratória, bem como melhoram o domínio físico da qualidade de vida, porém não altera os níveis de TBARS em obesos.

    Impact of continuous positive airway pressure on the pulmonary changes promoted by immersion in water

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    ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether different levels of CPAP improve the lung volumes and capacities of healthy subjects immersed in water. Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial, conducted between April and June of 2016, involving healthy female volunteers who were using oral contraceptives. Three 20-min immersion protocols were applied: control (no CPAP); CPAP5 (CPAP at 5 cmH2O); and CPAP10 (CPAP at 10 cmH2O). We evaluated HR, SpO2, FVC, FEV1, the FEV1/FVC ratio, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and FEF25-75%) at three time points: pre-immersion; 10 min after immersion; and 10 min after the end of each protocol. Results: We evaluated 13 healthy volunteers. The CPAP10 protocol reversed the restrictive pattern of lung function induced by immersion in water, maintaining pulmonary volumes and capacities for a longer period than did the CPAP5 protocol. Conclusions: When the hemodynamic change causing a persistent lung disorder, only the application of higher positive pressures is effective in maintaining long-term improvements in the pulmonary profile

    TREINAMENTO MUSCULAR INSPIRATÓRIO EM INDIVÍDUOS OBESOS: UM ESTUDO PILOTO

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    To investigate the effects of TMI on lipid peroxidation in obese individuals. Methods: Seven obese subjects with a mean age of 34 ± 5 years participated in this study. It was evaluated the respiratory muscle strength, the inspiratory muscle endurance, the exercise tolerance by the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the quality of life, as well, is was investigate the occurrence of lipid peroxidation by determining the levels of reactive substances thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) before and after four weeks of TMI, performed at 30% of maximal inspiratory pressure. Results: TMI induced increase in inspiratory muscle strength (p=0.008), inspiratory muscle resistance (p=0.0003) and improvement in the physical domain of quality of life score. However, TMI did not alter the distance on the 6MWT and the levels of TBARS (p=0.85). Conclusion: Four weeks of TMI increases inspiratory muscle strength and endurance and improves the physical domain of quality of life, but does not change the TBARS levels in obese.Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos do TMI sobre a lipoperoxidação em indivíduos obesos. Metodologia: Participaram desse estudo sete indivíduos obesos com idade média de 34 ± 5 anos. Foi avaliada a força muscular respiratória, a resistência muscular inspiratória, a tolerância ao exercício pelo teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6m), a qualidade de vida e a ocorrência de lipoperoxidação através da determinação dos níveis de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), antes e após quatro semanas de TMI, realizado à 30% da pressão inspiratória máxima. Resultados: O TMI induziu aumento na força muscular inspiratória (p=0,008), na resistência muscular inspiratória (p=0,0003), bem como ocasionou melhora no domínio físico do escore de qualidade de vida. Entretanto, o TMI não alterou a distância percorrida no TC6m e os níveis de TBARS (p=0,85). Conclusão: Quatro semanas de TMI aumentam a força e resistência muscular inspiratória, bem como melhoram o domínio físico da qualidade de vida, porém não altera os níveis de TBARS em obesos.
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