The pesticides use and the risk for head and neck cancer:a review of case-control studies

Tobacco, alcohol consumption, and HPV infection are the most common risk factors for head and neck cancer (HNC). Despite of this, recent evidences are growing on the association between long-term exposure to pesticides and the risk of chronic diseases, including different types of cancer. The present review evaluated in current literature evidence of an association between exposure to pesticides and the occurrence of HNCs. A literature search of the case-control studies was conducted in the PubMed, Web of science and Cochrane databases. Methodological quality of each study was rated with the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN 50) checklist. One thousand and thirty-five studies were identified and twelve met all criteria and, therefore, considered for quality assessment and data extraction. According to SIGN 50 criteria, six studies received an overall high-quality. All the studies considered of high quality found a positive association between exposure to pesticides and different HNC sites, including larynx, pharynx and nasal cavity. In addition, the increased risk was associated with the frequency of exposure. Finally, improving pesticide users' awareness of their risks and proper handling, as well as adopting protective measures such as the use of personal protective equipment, appear to be effective in reducing human health damage

Nonendodontic periapical lesions:a retrospective descriptive study in a Brazilian population

Several nonendodontic diseases can occur in the periapical region, resembling endodontic inflammatory conditions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of nonendodontic periapical lesions diagnosed in a Brazilian population. The files of two Oral Pathology laboratories were reviewed and all cases including at least one clinical diagnosis of endodontic periapical lesions were selected for the study. After initial selection, demographic and clinical data, clinical diagnosis and final diagnosis were reviewed and tabulated. Final diagnosis included endodontic periapical lesions, and benign and malignant nonendodontic periapical lesions. Data were descriptively and comparatively analyzed among the three groups, with a significance level of 5% (p0.05). The frequency of nonendodontic periapical lesions was high and, although the general distribution was similar to the results from other populations, some features were probably associated with the profile of the studied populations and to the methods applied in the present study. Knowledge on differential diagnosis of endodontic and nonendodontic periapical lesions is essential to avoid unnecessary treatments and diagnostic delay in routine dental practice

Awareness on oral cancer among patients attending dental school clinics in Brazil

Oral cancer is considered a public health problem worldwide. Dental schools may play an important role in educating patients about oral cancer. This study aimed at evaluating the knowledge of patients attending clinics at two dental schools in Brazil. From March 2017 to April 2017, 251 patients who were attending clinics at two dental schools in Recife, Brazil, were included in the study. Patients were contacted in the waiting rooms of the clinic. Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire, which consists of 21 questions, including socio-demographic and specific information on the disease. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and a chi-square test (with a 5% significance level) was used to assess the correlation between the variables, education and family income and other variables. Most participants were women (64.9%) with a mean age of 42.72 years. Most participants were knowledgeable about oral cancer and identified tobacco use (48.6%), alcohol consumption (25.1%), and solar radiation (12%) as the primary risk factors for the disease. Only 36.7% of the participants reported having received counselling on oral cancer, of which 18.3% received the information from a dentist. All patients with an income higher than six minimum wages were aware about oral cancer (p = 0.001). These findings emphasize the importance of educational programs in dental schools as well providing integrated services for patients seeking care at school clinics, including population?s awareness on oral cancer

Self-regulated learning perception of undergraduate dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic : a nationwide survey in Brazil

This study aimed to evaluate the perception of self-regulated learning of Brazilian undergraduate dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted. Data were collected in

Quality of information about oral cancer in Brazilian Portuguese available on Google, Youtube, and Instagram

To evaluate the quality of oral cancer information in Brazilian Portuguese on Google, YouTube, and Instagram. The first 100 links of each platform characterized the initial sample. The websites and Instagram were evaluated using the JAMA benchmarks, the Discern instrument, and the Flesch readability index (Flesch Reading Ease). The existence of Health on the Net (HON) code was also registered on websites. The usefulness of each video on YouTube was classified as not useful, slightly useful, moderately useful, or very useful. Thirty-four websites, 39 Instagram posts, and 57 videos were evaluated, of which 18 (33.3%) websites and 19 (48.7%) Instagram posts covered only 2 of the 4 JAMA benchmarks. For the Discern instrument, 20 (37%) and 18 (33.3%) websites exhibited low and moderate reliability, respectively, while 26 (66.7%) Instagram posts were of low confidence. The level of intelligibility of both websites and Instagram was difficult. Only three websites exhibited the HONcode. Forty-one (71.9%) videos on YouTube were moderately useful. Information on oral cancer on the Internet in Brazilian Portuguese is of low quality. Thus, educational and governmental institutions have a responsibility to produce and indicate reliable sources of information for the population

Knowledge and Attitudes of Primary Health Care Dentists Regarding Oral Cancer in Brazil

Cilj: Željeli su se procijeniti znanje i stajališta o oralnome raku brazilskih doktora dentalne medicine u jedinicama primarne zdravstvene zaštite. Materijali i metode: Provedeno je prospektivno, presječno, epidemiološko istraživanje. Sa 71 doktorom dentalne medicine iz primarne zdravstvene zaštite kontaktiralo se na njihovu radnom mjestu i svi su se složili sa sudjelovanjem u istraživanju. Podatci su prikupljeni na temelju upitnika s 31 pitanjem s višestrukim izborom o glavnim kliničkim značajkama i rizičnim čimbenicima za karcinom usne šupljine. Upitnik je bio podijeljen u dva dijela – na pitanja koja se odnose na opće podatke i samopoimanje sudionika o osobnom znanju o oralnom karcinomu te na objektivna pitanja povezana s općim informacijama o oralnom karcinomu (klinička obilježja, karakteristike, svojstva i rizični čimbenici). Podatci su upisani u tablice i analizirani deskriptivnom statistikom. Rezultati: Sudionici su bile uglavnom žene (81,5 %) mlađe od 40 godina (57,7 %) koje su završile školovanje prije 10 do 20 godina (47,9 %). Većina (66,2 %) smatra da je razina njihova znanja o oralnom karcinomu zadovoljavajuća. No samo 26,8 % istaknulo je da može obaviti dijagnostičke postupke u slučaju raka usne šupljine. Većina (95,8 %) je bila zainteresirana za sudjelovanje na tečajevima osposobljavanja za postavljanje oralne dijagnoze, a 56,3 % izjavilo je da nisu bili ni na kakvoj edukaciji ili nisu dobili smjernice o tome kako obaviti pregled za otkrivanje raka usne šupljine tijekom dodiplomskog školovanja. Zaključak: Ovi nalazi u skladu su s dosadašnjim izvješćima i upućuju na to da su potrebne nove javnozdravstvene smjernice kako bi se omogućila rana dijagnoza raka usne šupljine i obavila revizija kurikula o oralnoj medicini u školama dentalne medicine.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of dentists working in Primary Health Care Units from a Brazilian city, regarding oral cancer. Materials and methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, epidemiologic survey was performed. Seventy-one dentists from Primary Health Care Units were contacted at their workplace, and participated of the study. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire of 31 multiple-choice questions addressing the main clinical features and risk factors for oral cancer. The questionnaire was divided into two sections: questions related to general data and self-perception of the participants regarding personal knowledge of oral cancer, and objective questions related to general information on oral cancer (clinical features, characteristics, traits, and risk factors). The data were tabulated and analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: Participants were mostly females (81.5%), less than 40 years of age (57.7%), who underwent training 10–20 years ago (47.9 %). Most respondents (66.2%) considered their level of knowledge about oral cancer to be satisfactory. However, only 26.8% of tem felt that they were able to carry out diagnostic procedures for oral cancer. Most of them (95.8%) were interested in participating in training courses on Oral Diagnostics; 56.3% of them reported not having received any training or guidance on how to conduct an examination to detect oral cancer during undergraduate training. Conclusions: These findings are consistent with previous reports and point to the need for new public policies to enable early diagnosis of oral cancer and a review of training in Oral Diagnostics in dental schools

Diagnóstico histopatológico de lesiones orales de la mesorregión agreste del estado de Pernambuco

Introducción y objetivo: Los laboratorios de patología oral de las universidades han tratado de caracterizar y cuantificar la prevalencia de las lesiones que se obtienen en las biopsias, de modo que sea posible establecer el perfil de los casos a partir de la recopilación de estos servicios. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los diagnósticos histológicos de biopsias solicitados por profesionales y servicios establecidos ubicados en la región agreste del estado de Pernambuco al laboratorio de patología oral de la UFPE. Materiales y métodos: Este fue un estudio retrospectivo que analizó todos los archivos de solicitud de exámenes patológicos y sus respectivos informes emitidos por el Laboratorio de Patología Oral de la Universidad Federal de Pernambuco de 17 años, del marzo de 2000 al marzo de 2017. Resultados: De los 6000 registros clínicos, el 11,4% provino de la mesorregión agreste de Pernambucano. El 42% de estas piezas provienen de la ciudad de Caruaru, siendo los procesos proliferativos no neoplásicos el grupo de lesiones más frecuente (43,9%), seguido por el grupo de patología inflamatoria de las glándulas salivales (12%) y el grupo de lesiones com potencial de cancerización (7,3%). Las mujeres fueron las más afectadas en el 64,7% de los casos, con una edad media de 45 años. Conclusión: La mesorregión agreste de Pernambuco carece de laboratorios especializados en el diagnóstico histológico de lesiones orales. En la muestra estudiada, las mujeres y los procesos proliferativos no neoplásicos fueron los más prevalentes

Students’ perception to an interactive web-based response system in oral and maxillofacial pathology teaching

Abstract This study evaluated dental students’ perceptions and adherence to an interactive web-based response system in the teaching of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Between 2018 and 2019, students from a single Brazilian dental school used the Poll Everywhere® app to answer questions on subjects taught during an Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology course. At the end of the academic semester, the students completed a questionnaire containing 10 questions regarding the app’s use. The study included 123 students. Regarding the devices used to answer the questions on the app, 117 (95.1%) students used a smartphone and 3 (2.4%) used a laptop. Almost all students (121; 98.4%) agreed that this interactive web-based response system provided the teacher with a better overview of students’ understanding and improved their self-assessment of the acquired knowledge of the subjects. Most students (118; 95.9%) preferred classes using this technology and 122 (99.2%) stated that using the app made them feel more engaged in classes. In addition, all students agreed that the app improved student–teacher interactions. Most students (119; 96.7%) considered the digital interactive method more attractive than the conventional teaching approach, and 99 (80.5%) did not have any negative comments regarding the app. In conclusion, the Poll Everywhere® app provides a more dynamic and attractive educational environment for Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology teaching

Intraoral lipomas : a clinicopathological study of 43 cases, including four cases of spindle cell/pleomorphic subtype

The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathological characteristics of 43 intraoral lipomas and classify them according to their microscopic variants. All the cases of intraoral lipomas diagnosed at an Oral Pathology service were selected for the study. Clinical data, such as age, gender, location, time of evolution, clinical presentation, clinical hypothesis of diagnosis, and treatment, were collected from the clinical files. Of the 43 cases analyzed, 24 (55.8%) occurred in women. The mean age was 77.4 years. The most affected site was the buccal mucosa (22 cases, 51.1%). The mean lesion size was 1.7 cm. Twenty-three cases (53.5%) were classified as simple lipoma, 14 (32.6%) as fibrolipoma, four (9.3%) as spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma (SC/PL), one (2.3%) as lipoma of the salivary glands, and one (2.3%) as intramuscular lipoma. In one case of SC/PLs, lipoblasts were observed. No atypical lipoblasts or mitoses were noted. Lipoma was considered more often than other tumor histological subtypes among the clinical hypotheses of diagnosis when the final diagnosis was simple lipoma (p=0.01). Intraoral lipomas present different clinical presentation depending on the histological subtype. In SC/PLs, lipoblasts with vacuolated cytoplasm may be found and the presence of mature adipocytes is essential for diagnosis

Oral squamous cell carcinoma: a clinicopathological study on 194 cases in northeastern Brazil. A cross-sectional retrospective study

<div><p>ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Only a few studies have evaluated the clinicopathological features of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in Brazil, and most were conducted in the most industrialized region of the country, i.e. the southeastern region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features of this malignant neoplasm in northeastern Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study performed in an oral pathology laboratory in Recife, Brazil. METHODS: All cases of oral SCC that occurred between 2000 and 2015 were studied. Clinical data were recorded and histological slides were reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: A total of 194 cases were evaluated. The male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. The mean age was 65.4 years, and only 6.6% of the cases occurred in patients younger than 41 years. Most tumors consisted of well-differentiated SCC (54.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study highlight the higher prevalence of oral SCC among women and the increasing number of cases among young patients. Thus there is no specific risk group for oral SCC, as in the past. This fact needs to be taken into consideration in clinical routine care, so that apparently innocuous malignant lesions do not go unnoticed in these individuals.</p></div