10,014 research outputs found
R-Parity Violating Supersymmetry Explanation for Large t tbar Forward-Backward Asymmetry
We propose a supersymmetric explanation for the anomalously high forward
backward asymmetry in top pair production measured by CDF and D0. We suppose
that it is due to the t-channel exchange of a right-handed sbottom which
couples to d_R and t_R, as is present in the R-parity violating minimal
supersymmetric standard model. We show that all Tevatron and LHC experiments' t
tbar constraints may be respected for a sbottom mass between 300 and 1200 GeV,
and a large Yukawa coupling >2.2, yielding A_{FB} up to 0.18. The non Standard
Model contribution to the LHC charge asymmetry parameter is Delta
A_C^y=0.017-0.045, small enough to be consistent with current measurements but
non-zero and positive, allowing for LHC confirmation in the future within 20
fb^-1. A small additional contribution to the LHC t tbar production
cross-section is also predicted, allowing a further test. We estimate that 10
fb^-1 of LHC luminosity would be sufficient to rule out the proposal to 95%
confidence level, if the measurements of the t tbar cross-section turn out to
be centred on the Standard Model prediction.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, v2 has added comments and references and
increased statistics, leading to more accurate numerical predictions. v3 has
typos in Fig 1 fixed: arrow directions and t and tbar labels. v4 has added
discussion and corrections to Eq 4. v5 has luminosity predictions, additional
checks and small numerical change
The radio lighthouse CU Virginis: the spindown of a single main sequence star
The fast rotating star CU Virginis is a magnetic chemically peculiar star
with an oblique dipolar magnetic field. The continuum radio emission has been
interpreted as gyrosyncrotron emission arising from a thin magnetospheric
layer. Previous radio observations at 1.4 GHz showed that a 100% circular
polarized and highly directive emission component overlaps to the continuum
emission two times per rotation, when the magnetic axis lies in the plane of
the sky. This sort of radio lighthouse has been proposed to be due to cyclotron
maser emission generated above the magnetic pole and propagating
perpendicularly to the magnetic axis. Observations carried out with the
Australia Telescope Compact Array at 1.4 and 2.5 GHz one year after this
discovery show that this radio emission is still present, meaning that the
phenomenon responsible for this process is steady on a timescale of years. The
emitted radiation spans at least 1 GHz, being observed from 1.4 to 2.5 GHz. On
the light of recent results on the physics of the magnetosphere of this star,
the possibility of plasma radiation is ruled out. The characteristics of this
radio lighthouse provides us a good marker of the rotation period, since the
peaks are visible at particular rotational phases. After one year, they show a
delay of about 15 minutes. This is interpreted as a new abrupt spinning down of
the star. Among several possibilities, a quick emptying of the equatorial
magnetic belt after reaching the maximum density can account for the magnitude
of the breaking. The study of the coherent emission in stars like CU Vir, as
well as in pre main sequence stars, can give important insight into the angular
momentum evolution in young stars. This is a promising field of investigation
that high sensitivity radio interferometers such as SKA can exploit.Comment: Accepted to MNRAS, 8 pages, 7 figures, updated versio
Critical Line in Random Threshold Networks with Inhomogeneous Thresholds
We calculate analytically the critical connectivity of Random Threshold
Networks (RTN) for homogeneous and inhomogeneous thresholds, and confirm the
results by numerical simulations. We find a super-linear increase of with
the (average) absolute threshold , which approaches for large , and show that this asymptotic scaling is
universal for RTN with Poissonian distributed connectivity and threshold
distributions with a variance that grows slower than . Interestingly, we
find that inhomogeneous distribution of thresholds leads to increased
propagation of perturbations for sparsely connected networks, while for densely
connected networks damage is reduced; the cross-over point yields a novel,
characteristic connectivity , that has no counterpart in Boolean networks.
Last, local correlations between node thresholds and in-degree are introduced.
Here, numerical simulations show that even weak (anti-)correlations can lead to
a transition from ordered to chaotic dynamics, and vice versa. It is shown that
the naive mean-field assumption typical for the annealed approximation leads to
false predictions in this case, since correlations between thresholds and
out-degree that emerge as a side-effect strongly modify damage propagation
behavior.Comment: 18 figures, 17 pages revte
Una Notte in Napoli : A Night in Naples
https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/1845/thumbnail.jp
A Message from the past
https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/1816/thumbnail.jp
The Cricket, Butterfly and the Frog : and their Frolic
https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/1180/thumbnail.jp
Polarization and angular distribution of the radiation emitted in laser-assisted recombination
The effect of an intense external linear polarized radiation field on the
angular distributions and polarization states of the photons emitted during the
radiative recombination is investigated. It is predicted, on symmetry grounds,
and corroborated by numerical calculations of approximate recombination rates,
that emission of elliptically polarized photons occurs when the momentum of the
electron beam is not aligned to the direction of the oscillating field.
Moreover, strong modifications to the angular distributions of the emitted
photons are induced by the external radiation field.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Degeneration and regeneration of peripheral nerves: role of thrombin and its receptor PAR-1
The peripheral nervous system has a striking regeneration potential and after damage extensive changes in the differentiation state both of the injured neurons and of the Schwann cells are observed. Schwann cells, in particular, undergo a large scale change in gene expression becoming able to support axonal regeneration. Nerve injury is generally associated to inflammation and activation of the coagulation cascade. Thrombin acts as a polyfunctional signalling molecule exerting its physiological function through soluble target proteins and G-protein-coupled receptors, the protease-activated receptors (PARs) [1]. Recently, we have demonstrated that the activation of the main thrombin receptor, PAR-1, in Schwann cells favours their regenerative potential determining the release of factors which promote axonal regrowth [2]. The pro-regenerative potential of thrombin seems to be exerted in a narrow range of concentrations (pM-nM range). In fact, our preliminary data indicate that high levels of thrombin in the micromolar range slow down Schwann cell proliferation and induce cell death. On the contrary, PAR-1 activating peptides mimic the pro-survival but not the pro-apoptotic effects of thrombin. Controlling thrombin concentration may preserve neuronal health during nerve injury and represent a novel target for pharmacologic therapies
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