Western Irish Sea Nephrops Grounds (FU15) 2013 UWTV Survey Report and catch options for 2014

Use the URI link below to search the Marine Institute Data Discovery Catalogue for datasets relevant to this report.This report provides the main results and findings of the eleventh annual underwater television survey on the ‘Irish sea west Nephrops grounds’ ICES assessment area, Functional Unit 15. The survey was multi-disciplinary in nature collecting UWTV and other ecosystem data. The 2013 design consisted of a randomised isometric grid of 80 stations at 5 nautical mile intervals out over the full known extent the stock. The resulting krigged burrow abundance estimate was 4.3 billion burrows. This was a 16% decrease relative to 2012. The spatial distribution shows higher abundance in the south of the area and a larger decline in abundance is apparent in the North. Overall densities remain high and abundance remains relatively stable, well above MSY Btrigger. Reducing the number of stations in 2013 is not expected to have significantly affected the accuracy of the survey estimate. The CV (or relative standard error) of 3% is in line with previous estimates and well below the upper limit of 20% recommended by SGNEPS 2012. Total catches and landings options at various different fishing mortalities were calculated and fishing at Fmsy in 2014 implies a total catch option at Fmsy (=Fmax) of 9,914 tonnes which results in landings of no more than 8,244 tonnes. The only sea-pen species observed in 2013 was Virgularia mirabilis and the frequency of occurrence was lower than in 2012. Trawl marks were noted at 43% of the UWTV stations

Relative sit‑to‑stand power cut‑of points and their association with negatives outcomes in older adults

The purposes of this study were: (i) to evaluate the association of sit-to-stand (STS) power and body composition parameters [body mass index (BMI) and legs skeletal muscle index (SMI)] with age; (ii) to provide cut-of points for low relative STS power (STSrel), (iii) to provide normative data for well functioning older adults and (iv) to assess the association of low STSrel with negative outcomes. Cross-sectional design (1369 older adults). STS power parameters assessed by validated equations, BMI and Legs SMI assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were recorded. Sex- and age adjusted segmented and logistic regression analyses and receiver operator characteristic curves were used. Among men, STSrel showed a negative association with age up to the age of 85 years (− 1.2 to − 1.4%year−1; p < 0.05). In women, a negative association with age was observed throughout the old adult life (− 1.2 to − 2.0%year−1; p < 0.001). Cut-of values for low STSrel were 2.5W ­kg−1 in men and 1.9W ­kg−1 in women. Low STSrel was associated with frailty (OR [95% CI] = 5.6 [3.1, 10.1]) and low habitual gait speed (HGS) (OR [95% CI] = 2.7 [1.8, 3.9]) in men while low STSrel was associated with frailty (OR [95% CI] = 6.9 [4.5, 10.5]) low HGS (OR [95% CI] = 2.9 [2.0, 4.1]), disability in activities of daily living (OR [95% CI] = 2.1 [1.4, 3.2]), and low quality of life (OR [95%CI] = 1.7 [1.2, 2.4]) in women. STSrel declined with increasing age in both men and women. Due to the adverse outcomes related to STSrel, the reported cut-of points can be used as a clinical tool to identify low STSrel among older adults

Relative sit-to-stand power cut-off points and their association with negatives outcomes in older adults

The purposes of this study were: (i) to evaluate the association of sit-to-stand (STS) power and body composition parameters [body mass index (BMI) and legs skeletal muscle index (SMI)] with age; (ii) to provide cut-off points for low relative STS power (STSrel), (iii) to provide normative data for well-functioning older adults and (iv) to assess the association of low STSrel with negative outcomes. Cross-sectional design (1369 older adults). STS power parameters assessed by validated equations, BMI and Legs SMI assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were recorded. Sex- and age-adjusted segmented and logistic regression analyses and receiver operator characteristic curves were used. Among men, STSrel showed a negative association with age up to the age of 85 years (− 1.2 to − 1.4%year−1; p < 0.05). In women, a negative association with age was observed throughout the old adult life (− 1.2 to − 2.0%year−1; p < 0.001). Cut-off values for low STSrel were 2.5 W kg−1 in men and 1.9 W kg−1 in women. Low STSrel was associated with frailty (OR [95% CI] = 5.6 [3.1, 10.1]) and low habitual gait speed (HGS) (OR [95% CI] = 2.7 [1.8, 3.9]) in men while low STSrel was associated with frailty (OR [95% CI] = 6.9 [4.5, 10.5]) low HGS (OR [95% CI] = 2.9 [2.0, 4.1]), disability in activities of daily living (OR [95% CI] = 2.1 [1.4, 3.2]), and low quality of life (OR [95%CI] = 1.7 [1.2, 2.4]) in women. STSrel declined with increasing age in both men and women. Due to the adverse outcomes related to STSrel, the reported cut-off points can be used as a clinical tool to identify low STSrel among older adults

ARIA 2016: Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle

The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma a

Population genomics of marine zooplankton

Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2017. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Bucklin, Ann et al. "Population Genomics of Marine Zooplankton." Population Genomics: Marine Organisms. Ed. Om P. Rajora and Marjorie Oleksiak. Springer, 2018. doi:10.1007/13836_2017_9.The exceptionally large population size and cosmopolitan biogeographic distribution that distinguish many – but not all – marine zooplankton species generate similarly exceptional patterns of population genetic and genomic diversity and structure. The phylogenetic diversity of zooplankton has slowed the application of population genomic approaches, due to lack of genomic resources for closelyrelated species and diversity of genomic architecture, including highly-replicated genomes of many crustaceans. Use of numerous genomic markers, especially single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), is transforming our ability to analyze population genetics and connectivity of marine zooplankton, and providing new understanding and different answers than earlier analyses, which typically used mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite markers. Population genomic approaches have confirmed that, despite high dispersal potential, many zooplankton species exhibit genetic structuring among geographic populations, especially at large ocean-basin scales, and have revealed patterns and pathways of population connectivity that do not always track ocean circulation. Genomic and transcriptomic resources are critically needed to allow further examination of micro-evolution and local adaptation, including identification of genes that show evidence of selection. These new tools will also enable further examination of the significance of small-scale genetic heterogeneity of marine zooplankton, to discriminate genetic “noise” in large and patchy populations from local adaptation to environmental conditions and change.Support was provided by the US National Science Foundation to AB and RJO (PLR-1044982) and to RJO (MCB-1613856); support to IS and MC was provided by Nord University (Norway)

Genome-wide meta-analysis of muscle weakness identifies 15 susceptibility loci in older men and women

Low muscle strength is an important heritable indicator of poor health linked to morbidity and mortality in older people. In a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of 256,523 Europeans aged 60 years and over from 22 cohorts we identify 15 loci associated with muscle weakness (European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People definition: n = 48,596 cases, 18.9% of total), including 12 loci not implicated in previous analyses of continuous measures of grip strength. Loci include genes reportedly involved in autoimmune disease (HLA-DQA1p = 4 × 10−17), arthritis (GDF5p = 4 × 10−13), cell cycle control and cancer protection, regulation of transcription, and others involved in the development and maintenance of the musculoskeletal system. Using Mendelian randomization we report possible overlapping causal pathways, including diabetes susceptibility, haematological parameters, and the immune system. We conclude that muscle weakness in older adults has distinct mechanisms from continuous strength, including several pathways considered to be hallmarks of ageing

Estudio de la fracción lipídica en quesos artesanales asturianos

Peer Reviewe

Study of the lipidic fraction of the artisanal blue cheeses from the Principado de Asturias

7 páginas, 2 figuras, 5 tablas.[ES] En este trabajo se ha abordado un estudio de la fracción lipídica, referente a la composición en ácidos grasos esterificados, cuantificación de los ácidos grasos libres, análisis de los triglicéridos, así como las características de composición de la grasa de los quesos azules artesanales comerciales elaborados en el Principado de Asturias. Se ha empleado la cromatografía de gases equipada con columna capilar de sílice fundida e inyección en splitter para el estudio de los ácidos grasos esterificados y ácidos grasos libres, e inyección en splitter con temperatura programable (PTV) para la determinación de los triglicéridos. Los resultados obtenidos tanto para los ácidos grasos esterificados, ácidos grasos libres y triglicéridos mostraron diferencias entre cada una de las variedades de queso analizadas siendo más acusada para los quesos Cabrales y Gamonedo. Estos cambios encontrados se deben al tipo de leche y cuajo empleado así como al método de elaboración de la cuajada y la actividad metabólica del Penicillum roqueforti, la cual se ve influenciada por las condiciones de maduración (temperatura y humedad) de los quesos.[EN] A study concerning the lipidic fraction in relation to esterified fatty acids composition, free fatty acids contents, triglyceride analysis and gross composition characteristics from artisanal blue cheeses made in the Principado de Asturias was carried out. Gas chromatography with capilar column and flow splitter was used for the esterified and free fatty acids analysis and flow splitter with programmed temperature vaporation (PTV) for the triglyceridic study. The results obtained for the esterified fatty acids, free fatty acids and triglycerides showed differences in each variety of cheese studied. In Cabrales and Gamonedo cheese were more deepen. Those differences found it could be to the milk and rennet used and the manufacture method of the curd and metabolic activity of the Penicillum roqueforti which it influenced by the ripening conditions (temperature and moisture) of the cheeses.Peer reviewe