Whole body cleaning agent containing N-acyltaurate

The subject invention relates to a human cleansing agent particularly suitable for use in long duration spaceflight and to a method of bathing with the agent. The agent of the subject invention is in the form of a paste having a pH of 5.0 to 7.9 which comprises an acyltaurate, a skin conditioner, a hair conditioner, and a preservative. More specifically, it includes sodium N-coconut acid-N-methyl taurate, in combination with soybean lecithin, polyquaternium 16, and formalin. This particular combination satisfies the following objectives: (1) that it be usable with a minimum amount of water per shower (approximately 1 gallon); (2) that it be easily separated from the water for purposes of water reclamation; (3) that it be pH compatible with skin and hair; (4) that it rinse well in deionized water; (5) that it be mild to skin and eyes; (6) that it effectively clean both skin and hair; (7) that it be suitable for use in zero gravity; and (8) that it provide ease of combing of wet and dry hair. The method of the invention includes the steps of wetting the skin and hair with a small quantity of water, lathering the skin with the paste, rinsing the lather from the skin and hair with a small quantity of water to produce a rinse water containing the cleansing agent, defoaming the rinse water, and supplying the defoamed rinse water to a water reclamation unit for recycling the water. The novelty of the invention appears to lie in the particular formulation of the cleansing agent and its method of use which provide optimal results under the given constraints and objectives

Reduction of deltaic channel mobility by tidal action under rising relative sea level

As Holocene river deltas continue to experience sea-level rise, sediment carried by distributary channels counteracts delta-plain drowning. Many deltas worldwide are subject to tidal action, which strongly affects the morphology of distributary channels and could also influence their mobility. Here we show, through physical laboratory experiments, that distributary-channel mobility can be dramatically reduced in systems affected by tides in comparison to an identical system with no tides, and that the mobility of distributary channels decreases as the ratio of tidal to fluvial energy increases. This effect occurs even if new accommodation space is created by rising relative sea level. By analyzing synthetic stratigraphy derived from both digital elevation data and time-lapse photography, we show also that the reduction of channel mobility in tidal deltas increases channel stacking and connectivity in the stratigraphic record

Effects of Print in Early Childhood Programs

This paper will discuss the effects of print on early childhood classrooms. The first goal was to determine if referencing print during read alouds would increase foundational literacy skills. The second goal, was to identify if implementing the Sit Together and Read (S.T.A.R.) framework would increase emergent literacy skills with three, four and five year olds students. Two early childhood classrooms from the same school district were included in the study. One classroom embedded print references and the S.T.A.R. framework during repeated read alouds. The other classroom continued with normal read aloud routines. Data was analyzed using the Early Literacy and Language Classroom Observation tool and Teaching Strategies GOLD print data. The results concluded that by increasing print referencing in early childhood classrooms, emergent literacy skills will increase at a higher rate than those classrooms that do not use print referencing strategies

Characteristics of Milk and Reduced Fat Cheddar Cheese from Cows Fed Extruded Soybeans and Niacin

Today\u27s consumers are demanding food products that are low-fat , reduced fat , high in -unsaturated fatty acids , and low cholesterol . This trend in food product selection is at the advice of many health professionals. Current health recommendations are to lower the dietary intake of fat, especially saturated fat. In 1992, total dairy sales accounted for over 10% of total food sales (Milk Industry Foundation, 1993). Since dairy products are perceived as being hypercholesterolemic, a market exists for dairy products which are lower in fat and/or lower in saturated fat . It is said that consumer perception is marketing reality , and because of this the dairy industry may alter consumers views on dairy products by manufacturing perceived healthier products. Due to current dietary guidelines, dairy products with higher concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids could include a portion of the dairy market. Coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors played a major role in setting these new dietary guidelines. Greater than 500,000 deaths are blamed on CHD each year in the United States (Ney, 1991). Atherosclerosis is a disease in which lipids and cholesterol accumulate on the arterial walls causing them to thicken, resulting in CHO. It is important that the dairy industry realizes these concerns and acts on them by capturing a share of the market for foods perceived as being healthier. Evidence suggests that only certain fatty acids are associated with increasing the risks of CHD. Milk fat from dairy cows possesses its own unique fatty acid profile. It contains approximately 66% saturated fatty acids, 30% monounsaturated, and 4% polyunsaturated. Half of the medium-chain (C12:0 to C17:0) and almost all of the long-chain fatty acids (C18:0 and longer) are derived from the cow\u27s diet (Eppard et al., 1985). This last statement suggests that dietary manipulation could be used to alter the fatty acid profile of milk fat. Other factors that may alter the fatty acid content of milk include seasonal variation, genetic variation, stage of lactation, and use of recombinant bovine somatotropin. It has been found that feeding cows supplemental fat increases the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids in milk fat (Grummer, 1991). While this may be appealing to the consumer there are still some potential problems which should be overcome before integration into the industrial market. The first concern is producer economics for buying special feed for their dairy herd. Another potential problem would be the manufacturers economics and logistics regarding keeping the milk separate throughout and after pickup and processing. It has also been reported (Stegeman et al., 1991; Lightfield et al., 1993) that the fat content in milk higher in unsaturated fatty acids is underestimated when analyzed by the mid-infrared spectroscopic method. It is important that these concerns are realized and corrective action is taken. The National Cheese Institute (1992) stated that total retail cheese sales were up 5% in 199.1, reaching in excess of $18 billion dollars. Despite perceived health concerns the nation\u27s cheese market has continued to grow with one-third of the milk supply going towards its manufacture. The largest growth in the cheese industry belongs to the Italian cheese market which went from 2.06 pounds (4.5 kg) per capita in 1970 to 9.36 pounds (20.6 kg) in 1991 (National Cheese Institute, 1992 ). American type cheeses (of which Cheddar makes up the largest portion) increased from 7.02 (15.4 kg) pounds per capita in 1970 to 11.1 pound (24.4 kg) in 1991. Cheeses which meet regulations for reduced fat or low-fat have steadily gained prominence on the dairy shelf. It appears that cheeses which meet both dietary recommendations of being lower in fat and saturated fat would stand an increased chance to succeed in today\u27s marketplace. The objective of this study was to feed supplemental fat from extruded soybeans to lactating dairy cows and to manufacture a reduced fat Cheddar cheese higher in unsaturated fatty acids with acceptable sensory characteristics

EYES - Energy Efficient Sensor Networks

The EYES project (IST-2001-34734) is a three years European research project on self-organizing and collaborative energy-efficient sensor networks. It will address the convergence of distributed information processing, wireless communications, and mobile computing. The goal of the project is to develop the architecture and the technology which enables the creation of a new generation of sensors that can effectively network together so as to provide a flexible platform for the support of a large variety of mobile sensor network applications. This document gives an overview of the EYES project

Experimental delta evolution in tidal environments: Morphologic response to relative sea\u2010level rise and net deposition

Tide-influenced deltas are among the largest depositional features on Earth and are ecologically and economically im-portant as they support large populations. However, the continued rise in relative sea level threatens the sustainability of these land-scapes and calls for new insights on their morphological response. While field studies of ancient deposits allow for insight into deltaevolution during times of eustatic adjustment, tide-influenced deltas are notoriously hard to identify in the rock record. We present asuite of physical experiments aimed at investigating the morphological response of tide-influenced deltas subject to relative sea-levelrise. We show that increasing relative tidal energy changes the response of the delta because tides effectively act to remove fluviallydeposited sediment from the delta topset. This leads to enhanced transgression, which we quantify via a new methodology for com-paring shoreline transgression rates based on the concept of a\u2018transgression anomaly\u2019relative to a simple reference case. We alsoshow that stronger tidal forcing can create composite deltas where distinct land-forming processes dominate different areas of thedelta plain, shaping characteristic morphological features. The net effect of tidal action is to enhance seaward transfer of bedloadsediment, resulting in greater shoreline transgression compared to identical, yet purely fluvial, deltaic systems that exhibit static oreven regressive shorelines

Incorporation of Duluth Complex Maps into GIS Platform

UROP paper, 2014, GeologyUndergraduate Research Opportunities Program, University of Minnesota Dulut

Incorporation of Duluth Complex Maps into GIS Platform

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program, University of Minnesota Dulut

Slippery harmonies abound. The voyage out in John Ashbery’s Flow Chart (1992)

Were it not for some wary yet bemused critics, who have praised its brinkmanship rather than its eloquent myth-making, Flow Chart has so far all but gone unnoticed. Much of a disconcerting experience, this long, idiosyncratic poem has more to offer. It is a quixotic if not hubristic validation of the meaningful insignificance of fleeting glimpses. A voyage out, it is the realization that non sequitur is the hallmark of thought and speech. Beyond the author’s typically unruly delivery, the reader is gradually made aware that language is ultimately paratactic rather than hypotactic, as it is mapping the delusion of a universal speech which would minutely register while experiencing. My aim is to show that this opus is not only another of the poet’s musical compositions or painterly artefacts. It reveals the pessimistic outlook of someone getting to grips with the radical alterity of reality. Indeed, the inconvenience of this method of paraphrasing existence, without, hopefully, much loss in translation, is that it annihilates any sense of actuality. It destroys the so-called referential illusion. The average reader could then object to false emotionalism; John Ruskin would find fault with the pathetic fallacy. Starting from Ashbery’s celebrated quirks of diction, I would like to enhance that notwithstanding his unremitting discontinuity, he shares the lyrical stance of uncensored forebears like Whitman, Ginsberg, or William Carlos Williams. Coming out with an “Instruction Manual” on the undecipherable uses of this world, he is, like Wordsworth, in The Prelude, musing on a “wandering cloud”. He yet gazes at it within himself instead of looking above. The poem is another self-portrait in a convex mirror. One’s bewilderment is therefore the upshot of the poet’s codification: an American epic, this is an ode to the disunion of the real thing. Syllepsis and aposiopesis are here nothing but the wordsmith’s quanta of solace. Flow Chart is an intense experiment in probing the boundaries of accepted literary practise.A l’exception de quelques critiques tant circonspects que stupéfaits, qui ont loué sa stratégie du bord de l’abîme plutôt que son éloquence mythographique, Flow Chart est à ce jour passé presque inaperçu. Ce long poème idiosyncratique, plutôt déroutant, est néanmoins instructif. Il s’agit d’une validation donquichottesque, voire impudente, de l’insignifiance significative des visions fugaces. Cette traversée des apparences aboutit à la compréhension que les symboles contingents attestent la pensée et la parole. Au-delà de la faconde erratique, typique de cet auteur, le lecteur se rend peu à peu compte que le langage est en dernière analyse parataxique et non hypotaxique puisqu’il dresse le relevé d’un fantasme, celui d’une langue universelle, qui enregistrerait minutieusement ce qu’elle éprouve simultanément. Mon propos est de montrer que cet ouvrage n’est pas une autre des compositions musicales ou des créations picturales de ce poète. Il témoigne du point de vue pessimiste de celui qui prend l’altérité radicale du réel à bras-le-corps. En effet, l’inconvénient de cette façon de paraphraser l’existence, sans, du moins l’espère-t-on, trop en perdre lors de la traduction, est la destruction de toute sensation de réalité. L’illusion référentielle est ainsi réduite à néant. Le lecteur moyen pourrait alors mettre en cause le sentimentalisme ; John Ruskin protesterait contre l’illusion pathétique. Prenant appui sur les célèbres excentricités du langage d’Ashbery, j’aimerais souligner qu’en dépit de sa discontinuité inlassable, il s’inscrit dans la même veine lyrique que des prédécesseurs incontestés, comme Whitman, Ginsberg ou William Carlos Williams. Lorsqu’il produit un mode d’emploi des usages énigmatiques de ce monde, il est, à l’instar de Wordsworth, dans Le Prélude, en train de méditer sur un nuage qui passe. Au lieu de lever les yeux au ciel, il le fixe pourtant au fond de lui-même. Le poème est un autre autoportrait dans un miroir convexe. La stupéfaction est donc induite par le code du poète : cette épopée américaine est une ode à la dislocation du réel. La syllepse et l’aposiopèse ne sont dès lors que le lot de consolation de l’artisan des mots. Flow Chart est l’expérience intense de celui qui sonde les limites d’une pratique littéraire consacrée

Tide-influenced deltas: The ebb and flow of a system at work

University of Minnesota M.S. thesis. August 2017. Major: Earth Sciences. Advisor: Chris Paola. 1 computer file (PDF); x, 70 pages.Tide-influenced deltas are among the largest depositional features on Earth and are ecologically and economically important. However, the continued rise in relative sea level threatens the sustainability of these landscapes and calls for new insights on their morphological response. While field studies of ancient deposits allow for insight into delta evolution during times of eustatic adjustment, tidal deltas are notoriously hard to identify in the rock record. Here we present a suite of physical experiments aimed at reproducing tide-influenced deltas subjected to relative sea-level rise (RSL). Using new techniques and methods, we investigate the evolution of such deltas in terms of shoreline migration and net deposition across the delta topset. By varying the ratio of fluvial to tidal energy, we show that tide-influenced deltas are subjected to shoreline transgression as compared to identical, yet purely fluvial, deltas that exhibit static or even regressive shorelines. Different magnitudes of net deposition among our experiments clearly reveal how tides effectively remove sediment, which would otherwise be deposited by fluvial processes, from the delta topset. Furthermore, strong tidal forcing can reduce the mobility of distributary channels and create composite deltas were different processes dominate varying areas of the delta plain leading to distinct morphologies. This reduction in channel mobility also leads to an increase in channel body connectivity and stacking density which we show using a new approach for creating synthetic stratigraphy wherein digital elevation model data is coupled with time-lapse photography