Mimétisme, violence, sacré. Approche anthropologique de la littérature narrative médievale

La violencia está presente en la narrativa medieval. Romances y canciones de gesta incluyen la celebración de esta violencia que constituye una de las fuentes del arte narrativo que muestra la expresión y la postura problemática de sus autores. La antropología de la violencia ha estudiado estos textos medievales, desde Dumézil o Lévi-Strauss. La reflexión de René Girard sobre este periodo no suele abordar la literatura por lo que este acercamiento de la teoría girardiana resulta interesante.post-print221 p

Mon Algérie tendre et violente / René Lenoir

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Energy and greenhouse gas emissions: tools to discuss sustainability of livestock systems in Amazon

Session 61 - Poster 18International audienceGreenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy efficiency are key parameters to consider more sustainable farming systems. Management practices on farms can either improve or deteriorate energy efficiency and GHG emissions. It is therefore essential to identify relevant agricultural practices. This study determined the energy and GHG ‘eco’- efficiency of cattle breeding, using energy balance and GHG emissions of 31 farms in two breeding area in the Brazilian Amazon, using a diagnostic tool (AgriClimateChange Tool) adapted to the region. The analysed dairy and meat farmsare representative of the diversity of livestock systems in the region: suckling herd, fattener and suckling-fattener and of their degree of intensification. The energy efficiency is on average 16.27 GJ/t produced live weight/year (min= 2.35 GJ/t, max= 45.45 GJ/t) which is 47% lower than studies conducted in mainland France for similar systems. This increased efficiency could be linked to pasture feeding which makes better use of natural resources (highly productive grasses and edaphoclimatic factors) compared to other systems in the world which use more inputs and infrastructure. Results showed that fertilisers/amendments and the purchase of young animals accounted for high percentages of total energy consumption and that fuel constituted the majority of the direct energy used on farms. GHG emissions are on average 24,47 teqCO 2/t produced live weight/year (min= 3.78 teqCO 2/t, max= 65.59 teqCO 2/t) more importantthan in mainland France (14.20 teqCO2 /t produced LW/year) and similar to French Guiana (30.00 teqCO2 /t produced LW/year). These farms can be also considered as a carbon sink when the forests on their surface are included in the balance, with a production cost in terms of emissions close to neutral. This study shows the interest of this diagnostictool, which has been calibrated for the tropics, and opens up prospects for the adoption of this tool as an indicator of ‘eco’-efficiency of livestock farming systems

Thermal conductivity of SrBi2Nb2O9 ferroelectric thin films

International audienceFerroelectric Aurivillius SrBi2Nb2O9 films of different thicknesses were prepared on Si100 substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The films are polycrystalline and exhibit an increased grain size with film thickness. The cross-plane thermal conductivity of such SrBi2Nb2O9 films was measured in the 100–300 K temperature range by the 3 method and it was observed that the thermal properties of this family of ferroelectric materials show a glasslike behavior. The measurements performed on a polycrystalline bulk SrBi2Nb2O9 sample, in the 10–300 K temperature range, led to identical conclusions. The origin of this unexpected glasslike behavior is discussed

PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 and SrBi2Nb2O9 ferroelectric oxides integrated with YBa2Cu3O7 superconductor in multilayers epitaxially grown by pulsed laser deposition

Multilayers of PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PZT) or SrBi2Nb2O9 (SBN) ferroelectrics (F) and YBa2Cu3O7 (YBaCuO) superconductor (S) have been grown by pulsed laser deposition. F/S or S/F bilayers as well as S/F/S trilayers deposited on SrTiO3 and MgO were epitaxially grown, as evidenced by x-ray diffraction (XRD) inθ -2θ and φ-scans modes, reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) or electron channeling patterns (ECP). Superconducting YBaCuO films deposited on PZT exhibit a critical temperature, Tc, of about 86 K slightly below the value routinely obtained in the same deposition conditions on bare (100)SrTiO3 substrate (typically 88-89 K). By contrast, the Tc of YBaCuO films on SBN, either on (100)SrTiO3 or on (100)MgO is close to 88-89 K suggesting that SBN can be a good candidate as ferroelectric buffer layer for the growth of YBaCuO, especially on MgO for which a graphoepitaxial mechanism tends to limit the YBaCuO growth quality. In the case of F/S layers, hysteresis loops of PZT on YBaCuO show a saturated polarization larger than 30 µC/cm2 and a coercive field of about 70 kV/cm. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) experiments have been performed in order to correlate interdiffusion mechanisms with both structural data and physical properties

The reframing of family policies in France: processes and actors

French family policy is generally considered as one of the oldest, most explicit and extensive in Europe. To understand the changes in this public policy sector during the past decades, we first discuss the roots and scope of family policy and then propose a 'process tracing' to identify sequences, based on two sets of opposing principles that have shaped French family policy history: universality versus selectivity and French 'familialisme' versus individualism. In the last two sections, a detailed analysis of the dynamics of change is presented before focusing on the role of the different protagonists of this change: political actors, high-ranking civil servants, family associations and experts. We underline the importance of a small group of high-ranking civil servants, called the 'welfare elite', in this specific sector, whose contribution explains the permanent French specificity and path dependency

Título: Discour préliminaire des travaux et documents diverses.

Copia digital. España : Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 2021Fecha de 1834 tomada de la port. del Atlas163 planchas de M. Delaporte... [et al.], de las cuales 150 están basadas en los dibujos originales de Castañeda. Las litogr. son de Engèlmann et Cie y Thierry FréresContiene: v. 1. Relation des trois expéditions du Colonel Dupaix : ordonnées en 1805, 1806 et 1807, par le Roi Charles IV, pour la recherche des antiquités du Pays, notamment celles de Mitla et de Palenque / ... [traduit de L'spagnol par C. Farcy]... ; avec les dessins de Castañeda et une carte des pays explorés. Suivié d'un Parallèle de ces monuments avec ceux de L'Egypte et de l'Inde / par M. Alexandre Lenoir. D'une Dissertation sur l'origine et sur la linguistique des populations primitives des deux Amériques... / par M. Warden. Avec un Discour préliminaire des travaux et documents diverses / de M. M. de Chateaubriand... [et al.] -- v. 2. Atlas de 163 plancha