Technik des Electronic Commerce im Internet mittels Java/JDBC-Anbindung an die relationale Datenbank Oracle

Datenbanken kommen beim Einstieg von Unternehmen in das Inter- oder Intranet eine besondere Bedeutung zu, denn dort sind für den Mitarbeiter bzw. für den Kunden wichtige Informationen vorhanden: Kundenverzeichnisse, Warenwirtschafts- systeme, Rohdaten für Marketinganalysen, Produktkataloge etc. Die einheitliche Einbettung, d.h. Veröffentlichung, dieser Daten war bislang aufgrund der Heterogenität der Betriebssysteme, Datenbanksysteme und der Anwendungen, die mit ihnen arbeiten, oftmals zu aufwendig. Ziel zur Effizienzsteigerung und Wirtschaftlichkeit sollte es jedoch sein, daß alle Mitarbeiter jederzeit Zugriff auf alle Informationen haben, die sie für ihre Aufgaben benötigen, ohne ihren Arbeitsplatz verlassen zu müssen. Dank des World Wide Webs (WWW) und Java ist eine einheitliche Wahl des Betriebssystems heute nicht mehr zwingend, da WWW und Java Anwendungen ermöglichen, die auf beliebigen Rechnern lauffähig sind. Somit lassen sich Informationen im Inter- oder Intranet überall darstellen. Auf der anderen Seite des Informationskanals stehen verschiedenste Arten von Datenbankmanagementsystemen (DBMS), die die benötigten Informationen bereithalten. Dies sind vor allem Adabas, DB2, Informix, MS SQL-Server, Oracle, Sybase, sowie einige kleinere Systeme. Um die Lücke von der Informationsbereithaltung bis hin zur Informations- darstellung zu schließen, hat Sun Microsystems einen Standard definiert, der es Java-Programmen ermöglicht, über das Inter- bzw. Intranet auf relationale DBMS zugreifen zu können. Dieser Standard wird als JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) bezeichet. Hierdurch werden dem Programmierer Klassen, Interfaces und Methoden zur Verfügung gestellt, die ihm den Informationszugriff über das Netz hinweg ermöglichen sollen

Learning to change: Climate action pedagogy

This article considers higher education’s role in climate crisis, reflecting on the potential of action-oriented pedagogy. As a reflection on practice, the authors consider a new postgraduate course, Climate Crisis and Action (CCA), launched in 2022 as one of a suite of new courses using inside-out pedagogy in one of the oldest (and most recently holistically redesigned) Master of Environmental Management (MEM) programs in Australia, at the University of New South Wales (UNSW). Over ten weeks, while building foundational climate literacy underscored by imperatives of justice and education, CCA prioritises student leadership, active citizenship, and professional agency for real-world impact. We detail four key elements of the course design: 1) repositioning the course convenor as academic-facilitator to empower students to see climate crisis as a shared challenge addressed through joint contribution, 2) establishing an atmosphere of collective intelligence, shared accountability, and affect-based learning, 3) designing assessments that embed solutions and pedagogy to position students as climate innovators and educators, and 4) providing leadership opportunities in real-time to support students to experience their own growing expertise and professional agency. The approach reflects two motivations: to engage students with the immediacy and urgency of climate crisis, and to extend the core function of teaching academics to support real-world problem solving, social innovation and societal transformation

Art-eco-science. Field collaborations

Art-eco-science practitioner Keith Armstrong is committed to a hybrid practice. He collaborates in the field with ecological scientists recording biodiversity, species loss and extinction and creates works that play a role in redesigning social relations to natural systems. Currently working closely with aerial robots (aka drones or UAVs), Armstrong wants to understand how ‘we’ might better use drones, away from societal preoccupations with surveillance, privacy, AI and remote warfare, and our apparent drive to create bleak ‘new natures’. In this conversation, Armstrong and sustainability scholar Tania Leimbach explore the potential of arts- science collaborations to radically transform attitudes, perceptions and modes of participatio

Design Criteria for Low Profile Flange Calculations

An analytical method and a design procedure to develop flanged separable pipe connectors are discussed. A previously established algorithm is the basis for calculating low profile flanges. The characteristics and advantages of the low profile flange are analyzed. The use of aluminum, titanium, and plastics for flange materials is described. Mathematical models are developed to show the mechanical properties of various flange configurations. A computer program for determining the structural stability of the flanges is described

Methods for structural design at elevated temperatures

A procedure which can be used to design elevated temperature structures is discussed. The desired goal is to have the same confidence in the structural integrity at elevated temperature as the factor of safety gives on mechanical loads at room temperature. Methods of design and analysis for creep, creep rupture, and creep buckling are presented. Example problems are included to illustrate the analytical methods. Creep data for some common structural materials are presented. Appendix B is description, user's manual, and listing for the creep analysis program. The program predicts time to a given creep or to creep rupture for a material subjected to a specified stress-temperature-time spectrum. Fatigue at elevated temperature is discussed. Methods of analysis for high stress-low cycle fatigue, fatigue below the creep range, and fatigue in the creep range are included. The interaction of thermal fatigue and mechanical loads is considered, and a detailed approach to fatigue analysis is given for structures operating below the creep range

Genetic structure of invasive baby’s breath (Gypsophila paniculata) populations in a Michigan dune system

Invasive species can reduce biodiversity of a system by outcompeting native species for resources, changing the physical characteristics of a habitat, and altering natural disturbance regimes. Coastal sand dune ecosystems are dynamic with elevated levels of disturbance, and as such they are highly susceptible to plant invasions. The topography, geographic distribution of preferred habitat, and disturbance regime in an ecosystem can influence where an invasive plant becomes established, its dispersal patterns, and how densely it grows. One such invasion that is of major concern to the Great Lakes dune systems is baby’s breath (Gypsophila paniculata). The invasion of baby’s breath negatively impacts native species, including rare ones such as Pitcher’s thistle (Cirsium pitcheri). Estimating the genetic variation and structure of invasive populations can lead to a better understanding of the invasion history, and the factors influencing invasion success. Microsatellite genetic markers can be beneficial for estimating levels of diversity present within and among populations. Our research goals were to develop microsatellite primers to analyze invasive populations, quantify the genetic diversity and estimate the genetic structure of these invasive populations of baby’s breath in the Michigan dune system. We identified 16 polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci for baby’s breath out of 73 loci that successfully amplified from a primer library created using Illumina sequencing technology. We analyzed 12 populations at 14 nuclear and 2 chloroplast microsatellite loci and found moderate genetic diversity, strong genetic structure among the populations (global FST = 0.228), and also among two geographic regions that are separated by the Leelanau peninsula. Results from a Bayesian clustering analysis suggest two main population clusters. Isolation by distance was found over all 12 populations (R = 0.755, P \u3c 0.001) and when only cluster 2 populations were included (R = 0.523, P = 0.030); populations within cluster 1 revealed no significant relationship (R = 0.205, P = 0.494). The results suggest the possibility of at least two separate introduction events to Michigan. These results provide an understanding of the invasion history and factors contributing to invasion success. Management of invasive populations can use this to identify populations of high priority

Low-stabilisation scenarios and technologies for carbon capture and sequestration

Endogenous technology scenarios for meeting low stabilization CO2 targets are derived in this study and assessed regarding emission reductions and mitigation costs. The aim is to indentify the most important technology options for achieving low stabilization targets. The significance of an option is indicated by its achieved emission reduction and the mitigation cost increase, if this option were not available. Quantitative results are computed using a global multi-regional hard-linked hybrid model that integrates the economy, the energy sector and the climate system. The model endogenously determines the optimal deployment of technologies subject to a constraint on climate change. The alternative options in the energy sector comprise the most important mitigation technologies: renewables, biomass, nuclear, carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), and biomass with CCS as well as energy efficiency improvements. The results indicate that the availability of CCS technologies and espec. biomass with CCS is highly desirable for achieving low stabilization goals at low costs. The option of nuclear energy is different: although it could play an important role in the primary energy mix, mitigation costs would only mildly increase, if it could not be expanded. Therefore, in order to promote prudent climate change mitigation goals, support of CCS technologies reduces the costs and-thus-is desirable from a social point of view. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Low-stabilisation scenarios and technologies for carbon capture and sequestration

Endogenous technology scenarios for meeting low stabilization CO2 targets are derived in this study and assessed regarding emission reductions and mitigation costs. The aim is to indentify the most important technology options for achieving low stabilization targets. The significance of an option is indicated by its achieved emission reduction and the mitigation cost increase, if this option were not available. Quantitative results are computed using a global multi-regional hard-linked hybrid model that integrates the economy, the energy sector and the climate system. The model endogenously determines the optimal deployment of technologies subject to a constraint on climate change. The alternative options in the energy sector comprise the most important mitigation technologies: renewables, biomass, nuclear, carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), and biomass with CCS as well as energy efficiency improvements. The results indicate that the availability of CCS technologies and espec. biomass with CCS is highly desirable for achieving low stabilization goals at low costs. The option of nuclear energy is different: although it could play an important role in the primary energy mix, mitigation costs would only mildly increase, if it could not be expanded. Therefore, in order to promote prudent climate change mitigation goals, support of CCS technologies reduces the costs and-thus-is desirable from a social point of view. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved