7,691 research outputs found
Marked influence of the nature of chemical bond on CP-violating signature in molecular ions and
Heavy polar molecules offer a great sensitivity to the electron Electric
Dipole Moment(EDM). To guide emerging searches for EDMs with molecular ions, we
estimate the EDM-induced energy corrections for hydrogen halide ions
and in their respective ground states. We find that the energy corrections due to EDM for the two
ions differ by an unexpectedly large factor of fifteen. We demonstrate that a
major part of this enhancement is due to a dissimilarity in the nature of the
chemical bond for the two ions: the bond that is nearly of ionic character in
exhibits predominantly covalent nature in .
We conclude that because of this enhancement the HI ion may be a
potentially competitive candidate for the EDM search.Comment: This manuscript has been accepted for publication in Physical Review
Letters. The paper is now being prepared for publicatio
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Global morphogenetic flow is accurately predicted by the spatial distribution of myosin motors.
During embryogenesis tissue layers undergo morphogenetic flow rearranging and folding into specific shapes. While developmental biology has identified key genes and local cellular processes, global coordination of tissue remodeling at the organ scale remains unclear. Here, we combine in toto light-sheet microscopy of the Drosophila embryo with quantitative analysis and physical modeling to relate cellular flow with the patterns of force generation during the gastrulation process. We find that the complex spatio-temporal flow pattern can be predicted from the measured meso-scale myosin density and anisotropy using a simple, effective viscous model of the tissue, achieving close to 90% accuracy with one time dependent and two constant parameters. Our analysis uncovers the importance of a) spatial modulation of myosin distribution on the scale of the embryo and b) the non-locality of its effect due to mechanical interaction of cells, demonstrating the need for the global perspective in the study of morphogenetic flow
Heavy metals contaminating the environment of a progressive supranuclear palsy cluster induce tau accumulation and cell death in cultured neurons
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of intracellular aggregates of tau protein and neuronal loss leading to cognitive and motor impairment. Occurrence is mostly sporadic, but rare family clusters have been described. Although the etiopathology of PSP is unknown, mutations in the MAPT/tau gene and exposure to environmental toxins can increase the risk of PSP. Here, we used cell models to investigate the potential neurotoxic effects of heavy metals enriched in a highly industrialized region in France with a cluster of sporadic PSP cases. We found that iPSC-derived iNeurons from a MAPT mutation carrier tend to be more sensitive to cell death induced by chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) exposure than an isogenic control line. We hypothesize that genetic variations may predispose to neurodegeneration induced by those heavy metals. Furthermore, using an SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line, we showed that both heavy metals induce cell death by an apoptotic mechanism. Interestingly, Cr and Ni treatments increased total and phosphorylated tau levels in both cell types, implicating Cr and Ni exposure in tau pathology. Overall, this study suggests that chromium and nickel could contribute to the pathophysiology of tauopathies such as PSP by promoting tau accumulation and neuronal cell death
A Decoupled Parameters Estimators for in Nonlinear Systems Fault diagnosis by ANFIS
This paper presents a new and efficient Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference Systems approach for satellite’s attitude control systems (ACSs) fault diagnosis. The proposed approach formulates the fault modelling problem of system component into an on-line parameters estimation The learning ability of the adaptive neural fuzzy inference system allow as to decoupling the effect of each fault from the estimation of the others. Our solution provides a method to detect, isolate, and estimate various faults in system components, using Adaptive Fuzzy Inference Systems Parameter Estimators (ANFISPEs) that are designed and based on parameterizations related to each class of fault. Each ANFISPE estimates the corresponding unknown Fault Parameter (FP) that is further used for fault detection, isolation and identification purposes. Simulation results reveal the effectiveness of the developed FDI scheme of an ACSs actuators of a 3-axis stabilized satellite.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v2i2.22
Rotational cooling of heteronuclear molecular ions with ^1-Sigma, ^2-Sigma, ^3-Sigma and ^2-Pi electronic ground states
The translational motion of molecular ions can be effectively cooled
sympathetically to translational temperatures below 100 mK in ion traps through
Coulomb interactions with laser-cooled atomic ions. The ro-vibrational degrees
of freedom, however, are expected to be largely unaffected during translational
cooling. We have previously proposed schemes for cooling of the internal
degrees of freedom of such translationally cold but internally hot
heteronuclear diatomic ions in the simplest case of ^1-Sigma electronic ground
state molecules. Here we present a significant simplification of these schemes
and make a generalization to the most frequently encountered electronic ground
states of heteronuclear molecular ions: ^1-Sigma, ^2-Sigma, ^3-Sigma and ^2-Pi.
The schemes are relying on one or two laser driven transitions with the
possible inclusion of a tailored incoherent far infrared radiation field.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figure
Scientific Assessment in support of the Materials Roadmap enabling Low Carbon Energy Technologies: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
A new way to infer variations of the seismic solar radius
We show that the mean phase of waves propagating all the way from the far
side of the Sun to the front side, as measured by seismic holography, varies
with time. The change is highly anticorrelated with solar cycle activity and is
consistent with other recent results on the variation of the seismic radius of
the Sun. The phase change that we observe corresponds to a few kilometers
difference in the seismic solar radius from solar maximum to solar minimum in
agreement with inferrences from global helioseismology studies.Comment: 5 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters (Dec 12 2008
Fourier transform spectroscopy and coupled-channel deperturbation treatment of the A1Sigma+ ~ b3Pi complex of KCs molecule
The laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra A1Sigma ~ b3Pi --> X1Sigma+ of
KCs dimer were recorded in near infrared region by Fourier Transform
Spectrometer with a resolution of 0.03 cm-1. Overall more than 200 LIF spectra
were rotationally assigned to 39K133Cs and 41K133Cs isotopomers yielding with
the uncertainty of 0.003-0.01 cm-1 more than 3400 rovibronic term values of the
strongly mixed singlet A1Sigma+ and triplet b3Pi states. Experimental data
massive starts from the lowest vibrational level v_A=0 of the singlet and
nonuniformly cover the energy range from 10040 to 13250 cm-1 with rotational
quantum numbers J from 7 to 225. Besides of the dominating regular A1Sigma+ ~
b3P Omega=0 interactions the weak and local heterogenous A1S+ ~ b3P Omega=1
perturbations have been discovered and analyzed. Coupled-channel deperturbation
analysis of the experimental 39K133Cs e-parity termvalues of the A1S+ ~ b3P
complex was accomplished in the framework of the phenomenological 4 x 4
Hamiltonian accounting implicitly for regular interactions with the remote
states manifold. The resulting diabatic potential energy curves of the
interacting states and relevant spin-orbit coupling matrix elements defined
analytically by Expanded Morse Oscillators model reproduce 95% of experimental
data field of the 39K133Cs isotopomer with a standard deviation of 0.004 cm-1
which is consistent with the uncertainty of the experiment. Reliability of the
derived parameters was additionally confirmed by a good agreement between the
predicted and experimental termvalues of 41K133Cs isotopomer. Calculated
intensity distributions in the A ~ b --> X LIF progressions are also consistent
with their experimental counterparts.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figure
Search for new resonant states in 10C and 11C and their impact on the cosmological lithium problem
The observed primordial 7Li abundance in metal-poor halo stars is found to be
lower than its Big-Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) calculated value by a factor of
approximately three. Some recent works suggested the possibility that this
discrepancy originates from missing resonant reactions which would destroy the
7Be, parent of 7Li. The most promising candidate resonances which were found
include a possibly missed 1- or 2- narrow state around 15 MeV in the compound
nucleus 10C formed by 7Be+3He and a state close to 7.8 MeV in the compound
nucleus 11C formed by 7Be+4He. In this work, we studied the high excitation
energy region of 10C and the low excitation energy region in 11C via the
reactions 10B(3He,t)10C and 11B(3He,t)11C, respectively, at the incident energy
of 35 MeV. Our results for 10C do not support 7Be+3He as a possible solution
for the 7Li problem. Concerning 11C results, the data show no new resonances in
the excitation energy region of interest and this excludes 7Be+4He reaction
channel as an explanation for the 7Li deficit.Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C (Rapid Communication
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