Specialization and Happiness: A U.S.-Japan Comparison

This paper examines the relationship between specialization and happiness in marriage in the U.S. and Japan. Our findings, based on the General Social Surveys in the U.S. and Japan, indicate both similarities and differences in the determinants of marital happiness in the two countries. In the U.S., the findings are mixed. Women in the U.S. are more likely to embrace the bargaining model where their happiness is determined by their own income. Men in the U.S. are more likely to support the specialization model; they are happier if their wives are not working or, alternatively, if they are financially dependent on their wives. In Japan, we find support for the specialization model, particularly in the case of women; they are happier if they are specialized in the household and they have a higher household income. Our research highlights how marital quality is affected by the institutional context and the normative environment.gender; family; marital happiness; specialization; bargaining

Growth, nitrogen content, and leaching from container-grown Cornus and Ilex amended with combinations of moisture and fertilizer

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4485308

STUDENT ENGAGEMENT IN FIRST YEAR CHEMISTRY – ONLINE VS FACE TO FACE

Rapid campus closure and an unexpected transition to an online offering of a large first year chemistry unit provided an opportunity to explore the level of student engagement and factors associated with success in this online transition. In this presentation, we compare the standard, face-to-face offering in 2019 to the online offering in 2020 by examining the completion of weekly assessment tasks and the uptake of a variety of learning activities. All measures of engagement have been correlated to the students’ final scores in the unit. We found that students were able to quickly adapt to using the technology including accessing live streamed or recorded lectures, joining online tutorials and discussion forum use. Participation in in-class polling was unchanged, and was associated with the same increase in final score. The only learning activity with a significant change was tutorials; face-to-face tutorial attendance gained students 2.7 marks out of 100 in their final score per tutorial, whereas online tutorial attendance only gained 1.8 marks per tutorial. The decrease in completion of the weekly low stakes assessment tasks over the semester was unchanged, but overall quiz scores were slightly higher. Completion of online practical activities was the same in both years. Scores for a video recorded practical activity with drop-in consultation were 0.9/10 lower compared to the identical activity and worksheet conducted face to face. Our data show that some aspects of learning can be moved online seamlessly, but face-to-face practical sessions and tutorials have a greater impact on student success than online versions

State-to-state rotational transitions in H2_2+H2_2 collisions at low temperatures

We present quantum mechanical close-coupling calculations of collisions between two hydrogen molecules over a wide range of energies, extending from the ultracold limit to the super-thermal region. The two most recently published potential energy surfaces for the H$_2$-H$_2$ complex, the so-called DJ (Diep and Johnson, 2000) and BMKP (Boothroyd et al., 2002) surfaces, are quantitatively evaluated and compared through the investigation of rotational transitions in H$_2$+H$_2$ collisions within rigid rotor approximation. The BMKP surface is expected to be an improvement, approaching chemical accuracy, over all conformations of the potential energy surface compared to previous calculations of H$_2$-H$_2$ interaction. We found significant differences in rotational excitation/de-excitation cross sections computed on the two surfaces in collisions between two para-H$_2$ molecules. The discrepancy persists over a large range of energies from the ultracold regime to thermal energies and occurs for several low-lying initial rotational levels. Good agreement is found with experiment (Mat\'e et al., 2005) for the lowest rotational excitation process, but only with the use of the DJ potential. Rate coefficients computed with the BMKP potential are an order of magnitude smaller.Comment: Accepted by J. Chem. Phy

Model Truss Bridge Design

Bridges are one of the most important and costly engineering projects, involving extensive design considerations that try to minimize expenses while insuring the bridge will not fail. Different models of bridges were constructed in order to perform experiments that determined which beams were in compression and how much force was experienced in the beam’s when a static load was applied. Computer simulations were also performed to determine the loads on the different beams. The simulation and calculated results were compared to ensure accuracy of the final results. It was determined that a Howe bridge offers the lowest maximum compression on any beam when compared to the Pratt bridge. The cost did not increase because the diagonal members only switched positions and no extra material was needed

Manipulation of environmental oxygen modifies reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generation during myogenesis

Regulated changes in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) activities are important in maintaining the normal sequence and development of myogenesis. Both excessive formation and reduction in RONS have been shown to affect muscle differentiation in a negative way. Cultured cells are typically grown in 20% O2 but this is not an appropriate physiological concentration for a number of cell types, including skeletal muscle. The aim was to examine the generation of RONS in cultured skeletal muscle cells under a physiological oxygen concentration condition (6% O2) and determine the effect on muscle myogenesis. Primary mouse satellite cells were grown in 20% or 6% O2 environments and RONS activity was measured at different stages of myogenesis by real-time fluorescent microscopy using fluorescent probes with different specificities i.e. dihydroethidium (DHE), 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorofluorescein diacetate (DAF-FM DA) and 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2′,7′ -dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (CM-DCFH-DA). Data demonstrate that satellite cell proliferation increased when cells were grown in 6% O2 compared with 20% O2. Myoblasts grown in 20% O2 showed an increase in DCF fluorescence and DHE oxidation compared with myoblasts grown at 6% O2. Myotubes grown in 20% O2 also showed an increase in DCF and DAF-FM fluorescence and DHE oxidation compared with myotubes grown in 6% O2. The catalase and MnSOD contents were also increased in myoblasts and myotubes that were maintained in 20% O2 compared with myoblasts and myotubes grown in 6% O2. These data indicate that intracellular RONS activities in myoblasts and myotubes at rest are influenced by changes in environmental oxygen concentration and that the increased ROS may influence myogenesis in a negative manner

Rotational quenching rate coefficients for H_2 in collisions with H_2 from 2 to 10,000 K

Rate coefficients for rotational transitions in H_2 induced by H_2 impact are presented. Extensive quantum mechanical coupled-channel calculations based on a recently published (H_2)_2 potential energy surface were performed. The potential energy surface used here is presumed to be more reliable than surfaces used in previous work. Rotational transition cross sections with initial levels J <= 8 were computed for collision energies ranging between 0.0001 and 2.5 eV, and the corresponding rate coefficients were calculated for the temperature range 2 < T <10,000 K. In general, agreement with earlier calculations, which were limited to 100-6000 K, is good though discrepancies are found at the lowest and highest temperatures. Low-density-limit cooling functions due to para- and ortho-H_2 collisions are obtained from the collisional rate coefficients. Implications of the new results for non-thermal H_2 rotational distributions in molecular regions are also investigated

Molecular-Beam Spectroscopy with an Infinite Interferometer: Spectroscopic Resolution and Accuracy

An interferometer with effectively infinite maximum optical path difference removes the dominant resolution limitation for interferometric spectroscopy. We present mass-correlated rotational Raman spectra that represent the world's highest resolution scanned interferometric data and discuss the current and expected future limitations in achievable spectroscopic performance.Comment: 8 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, submitted to the Journal of the Korean Physical Societ

Tackling New Federal Agency Public Access Mandates at the University of Arizona

Objective: In 2014, federal agencies began releasing their implementation plans in response to the 2013 White House’s Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Increasing Access to the Results of Federally Funded Research policy memorandum. The University has in place an established Data Management support service, which has addressed new data requirements. However, in early 2016 the University of Arizona Libraries (UAL) and Office of Research, Discovery & Innovation (RDI) convened to discuss how the university can help researchers address these new growing federal agency mandates on manuscripts and data. Methods: By the summer of 2016, a collaboration of UA Libraries and the office of RDI formed the University of Arizona Public Access Working Group. Results: Since receiving its charge, the working group has continued to meet on a regular basis. Thus far, the group activities have included scheduled campus informational sessions and the development of guides and a resource page. Conclusions: Next steps include expanding the list of entities covered to go beyond federal agencies. Additionally, the working group will soon start conversations with faculty stakeholders on developing a robust Open Science infrastructure and ecosystem for the University of Arizona