Electromagnetic response of the three-layer construction on the basis of barium hexaferrite and a foam glass

This paper contains results of study of the frequency dependence of reflection coefficient of the ceramic surface coated with the construction consisting of following layers: metal, composite on the basis of ferrite with hexagonal structure, and foam glass. It is shown that foam glass layer reduces significantly the reflecting characteristics of the construction

Long-term management of patients with epilepsy. Organization of a service in the Tyumen Region

Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease that requires a long-term or lifelong follow-up of patients. The factors that influence the outcome of therapy are various; moreover, the key factors of them are the organization of care and the mode of patient follow-up. The necessity of optimizing the specialized health care to this category of patients stems from the poorer quality of life in the patients and their families and from the more frequentdevelopment of mental disorders and drug-resistant forms of the disease during ineffective therapy. These and other issues are considered in this paper with emphasis on the specific area – the south of the Tyumen Region. This underlines the importance of setting up not only highlevel epileptologic centers, but also a whole network that provides access to specialized epileptologic care. It seems today that it is more appropriate to solve problems in the organization of management for epileptic patients at the level of an administrative region, for this state structure has all necessary conditions for rapidly and rationally implementing the most successful developments of specialized care to the population

Galactic Rotation Parameters from Data on Open Star Clusters

Currently available data on the field of velocities Vr, Vl, Vb for open star clusters are used to perform a kinematic analysis of various samples that differ by heliocentric distance, age, and membership in individual structures (the Orion, Carina--Sagittarius, and Perseus arms). Based on 375 clusters located within 5 kpc of the Sun with ages up to 1 Gyr, we have determined the Galactic rotation parameters Wo =-26.0+-0.3 km/s/kpc, W'o = 4.18+-0.17 km/s/kpc^2, W''o=-0.45+-0.06 km/s/kpc^3, the system contraction parameter K = -2.4+-0.1 km/s/kpc, and the parameters of the kinematic center Ro =7.4+-0.3 kpc and lo = 0+-1 degrees. The Galactocentric distance Ro in the model used has been found to depend significantly on the sample age. Thus, for example, it is 9.5+-0.7 kpc and 5.6+-0.3 kpc for the samples of young (50 Myr) clusters, respectively. Our study of the kinematics of young open star clusters in various spiral arms has shown that the kinematic parameters are similar to the parameters obtained from the entire sample for the Carina-Sagittarius and Perseus arms and differ significantly from them for the Orion arm. The contraction effect is shown to be typical of star clusters with various ages. It is most pronounced for clusters with a mean age of 100 Myr, with the contraction velocity being Kr = -4.3+-1.0 km/s.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, 2 table

Experience of treatment of a patient with non-small cell lung cancer with met exon 14 skipping

Personalized therapy is starting to play an increasing role in modern approaches to the treatment of oncological diseases. The previously existing uniform standard for each malignant disease is expanded with new options and treatment possibilities, depending on each specific clinical situation. That increases the  effectiveness of  therapy and helps to control the  disease. A  separate niche in the individual approach to anti-tumor treatment is occupied by targeted therapy of malignancies. There are a lot of mutations that can lead to the emergence of malignant neoplasms. So of all that multitude of choices the individual approach to a patient helps to select the mutations that are most likely to be found in a given patient. The research in the area of the c-MET mutation has allowed it to occupy its niche as a therapeutic target. The identification of this mutation is not included in the routine set of analyses performed for a patient with diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma. But expanding the panel of molecular testing would increase the detectability of this mutation and, as a result, improve the quality of treatment for this category of patients. This clinical case describes the experience of treatment of an elderly patient with lung adenocarcinoma, in whose tumor tissue a MET mutation was detected

Targeted Deletion of Nrf2 Reduces Urethane-Induced Lung Tumor Development in Mice

Nrf2 is a key transcription factor that regulates cellular redox and defense responses. However, permanent Nrf2 activation in human lung carcinomas promotes pulmonary malignancy and chemoresistance. We tested the hypothesis that Nrf2 has cell survival properties and lack of Nrf2 suppresses chemically-induced pulmonary neoplasia by treating Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2-/- mice with urethane. Airway inflammation and injury were assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage analyses and histopathology, and lung tumors were analyzed by gross and histologic analysis. We used transcriptomics to assess Nrf2-dependent changes in pulmonary gene transcripts at multiple stages of neoplasia. Lung hyperpermeability, cell death and apoptosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration were significantly higher in Nrf2-/- mice compared to Nrf2+/+ mice 9 and 11 wk after urethane. Significantly fewer lung adenomas were found in Nrf2-/- mice than in Nrf2+/+ mice at 12 and 22 wk. Nrf2 modulated expression of genes involved cell-cell signaling, glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress response, and immune responses during early stage neoplasia. In lung tumors, Nrf2-altered genes had roles in transcriptional regulation of cell cycle and proliferation, carcinogenesis, organismal injury and abnormalities, xenobiotic metabolism, and cell-cell signaling genes. Collectively, Nrf2 deficiency decreased susceptibility to urethane-induced lung tumorigenesis in mice. Cell survival properties of Nrf2 were supported, at least in part, by reduced early death of initiated cells and heightened advantage for tumor cell expansion in Nrf2+/+ mice relative to Nrf2-/- mice. Our results were consistent with the concept that Nrf2 over-activation is an adaptive response of cancer conferring resistance to anti-cancer drugs and promoting malignancy

Anti-Arrhenius cleavage of covalent bonds in bottlebrush macromolecules on substrate

Spontaneous degradation of bottlebrush macromolecules on aqueous substrates was monitored by atomic force microscopy. Scission of C─C covalent bonds in the brush backbone occurred due to steric repulsion between the adsorbed side chains, which generated bond tension on the order of several nano-Newtons. Unlike conventional chemical reactions, the rate of bond scission was shown to decrease with temperature. This apparent anti-Arrhenius behavior was caused by a decrease in the surface energy of the underlying substrate upon heating, which results in a corresponding decrease of bond tension in the adsorbed macromolecules. Even though the tension dropped minimally from 2.16 to 1.89 nN, this was sufficient to overpower the increase in the thermal energy (kBT) in the Arrhenius equation. The rate constant of the bond-scission reaction was measured as a function of temperature and surface energy. Fitting the experimental data by a perturbed Morse potential V = V0(1 - e-βx)2 - fx, we determined the depth and width of the potential to be V0 = 141 ± 19 kJ/mol and β-1 = 0.18 ± 0.03 Å, respectively. Whereas the V0 value is in reasonable agreement with the activation energy Ea = 80–220 kJ/mol of mechanical and thermal degradation of organic polymers, it is significantly lower than the dissociation energy of a C─C bond De = 350 kJ/mol. Moreover, the force constant Kx = 2β2V0 = 1.45 ± 0.36 kN/m of a strained bottlebrush along its backbone is markedly larger than the force constant of a C─C bond Kl = 0.44 kN/m, which is attributed to additional stiffness due to deformation of the side chains

Специфика организации транспортно-логистического кластера с приоритетом развития интеллектуальных транспортных технологий

The article examines the prospects for organizing a cluster as an effective tool for ensuring connectivity of territories of the Russian Federation through the systematic and integrated implementation of intelligent transport technologies, which corresponds to strategic directions of development of transport in the Russian Federation and determines the relevance of the topic. The objective of the study is to determine the features of organisation of the transport and logistics cluster prioritising development of intelligent transport technologies by analysing the prospects for their development, studying variability of characteristics and structure of the cluster under various conditions of its formation based on the methods of formal logic, grouping, analysis of statistical data, normative-legal information, information synthesis. The study resulted in identification of prerequisites for the most rapid development and effective implementation of intelligent transport systems within the cluster. The expediency of using this approach has been substantiated, despite its labour intensity and cost. The study suggests definitions of an innovative transport and logistics cluster, as wells as characteristics of the transport and logistics cluster prioritising intelligent transport technologies. The study revealed the specifics of organisation of this cluster, which is primarily determined by the presence of dual characteristics. The peculiarities of cluster formation are reflected in the proposed structure of the cluster under study. The role of the state in organizing an innovative transport and logistics cluster is also definedВ статье исследованы перспективы организации кластера как эффективного инструмента обеспечения связанности территорий РФ за счёт системного и комплексного внедрения интеллектуальных транспортных технологий, что соответствует стратегическим направлениям развития транспорта РФ и определяет актуальность темы. Целью исследования является определение специфики организации транспортно-логистического кластера с приоритетом развития интеллектуальных транспортных технологий посредством анализа перспективы развития данных технологий в рамках кластера, изучения вариативности характеристик и структуры кластера при различных условиях его формирования на основе методов формальной логики, группировки, анализа статистических данных, нормативно-правовой информации, синтеза информации. В результате исследования авторами выделены предпосылки наиболее быстрого развития и эффективной реализации интеллектуальных транспортных систем в рамках кластера. Обоснована целесообразность применения данного подхода, несмотря на его трудоёмкость и затратность. В исследовании конкретизировано определение инновационного транспортно-логистического кластера. Приведена характеристика транспортно-логистического кластера с приоритетом развития интеллектуальных транспортных технологий, зависящая от условия его формирования. В результате исследования выявлена специфика организации данного кластера, которая, прежде всего, определяется наличием двойственных характеристик. Особенности формирования кластера отражены в предложенной структуре исследуемого кластера. Также определена роль государства в организации инновационного транспортно-логистического кластера

Evaluation of interventricular delay during cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with quadripolar systems in long-term postoperative follow-up

Aim. To assess the association between changes in interventricular delay (IVD) and response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) during 24-month postoperative period in patients with quadripolar left ventricular leads. Material and methods. This retrospective non-randomized study included data from 48 patients with implanted CRT devices with quadripolar left ventricular (LV) leads, examined 3, 6, 12, 24 months after operation. CRT responders were considered patients with a decrease in end-systolic volume (ESV) by more than 10% compared with preoperative. To test the hypothesis about the rationale for choosing the maximum IVD when installing the LV lead, the group of patients was divided into two subgroups as follows: one with the maximum IVD (IVDmax, n=24), the other — without this condition (n=24). Results. A correlation was found between changes in IVD and ESV, as well as ejection fraction (EF) in the period of 6, 12 and 24 months after implantation compared to baseline. In the subgroup with IVDmax, the shortening of IVD in the postoperative period is higher at each considered period compared to the second subgroup, and in general, there is a more pronounced decrease in IVD over 24 months. At the same time, 3, 6, 12 months after surgery, patients with IVDmax show a significantly greater decrease in ESV and, accordingly, a greater increase in EF. Prognostic models of CRT response in the long term after implantation were created. Significant predictors were the initial IVD, changes in IVD in the early postoperative period and IVDmax selection. At the same time, not a single factor, taken separately, made it possible to separate responders and non-responders. Conclusion. A greater shortening of the IVD corresponds to a greater decrease in LV ESV and EDV, as well as a greater increase in EF in the long-term postoperative period. The choice of quadripolar LV lead in accordance with the maximum IVD is accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of non-responders, a more pronounced decrease in electrical ventricular dyssynchrony and an improvement in systolic function. © 2022, Silicea-Poligraf. All rights reserved.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 19-14-00134Relationships and Activities. The study was supported by the RSF grant № 19-14-00134

Evaluation of the long-term effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy

Aim. To determine quantitative criteria for assessing the therapeutic benefits and the most informative time frames after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) to assess its long-term effectiveness (1, 2, 3 years of follow-up) based on retrospective analysis. To assess the CRT effectiveness, parameters of left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling and signs characterizing the clinical CRT response were considered.Material and methods. This single-center, retrospective, non-randomized study included data from 278 patients with implanted CRT devices. Quantitative criteria for assessing CRT effectiveness were determined using a two-step cluster analysis of patients 1, 2, and 3 years after CRT by LV reverse remodeling parameters.Results. In the dataset with satisfactory division accuracy, after the first year, two clusters were identified, which are conventionally named as “non-responders” and “responders”. Two and three years after therapy, patients were classified into three clusters: “non-responders”, “responders” and “super-responders”. For the obtained clusters, we found cutoff values for LV reverse remodeling parameters, which can be used as criteria for response to therapy.The study identified the most informative time frames for assessing the postoperative CRT effectiveness 1, 2, 3 years after the surgery. At the same time, the clinical response to therapy is manifested earlier in comparison with the reverse LV remodeling.Despite the high divisibility of patients into responders and non-responders, predictive models of CRT effectiveness created using the available data from standard diagnostic protocols for heart failure patients have insufficient accuracy to be used for making decisions on therapy appropriateness. This circumstance indicates the need to receive additional data to improve the forecasting quality.Conclusion. The study revealed a period for assessing the clinical response and changes in LV reverse remodeling after CRT surgery, which is important for the optimal choice of postoperative therapy. It has been shown that in most cases, one year after surgery is sufficient to assess the clinical response, and the process of LV reverse remodeling can last up to two years on average.When assessing the CRT effectiveness by reverse remodeling, along with a change in LV end-systolic volume (ESV), it is necessary to take into account LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) changes. The change in LV ejection fraction showed a significantly lower value among the analyzed parameters in assessing the CRT effectiveness. Based on the cluster classification of patients, a dividing rule was established for responders and non-responders in the first and second years after surgery with an accuracy of 97%: a decrease in LV ESV and EDV by 9% or more compared to preoperative values

Evaluation of interventricular delay during cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with quadripolar systems in long-term postoperative follow-up

Aim. To assess the association between changes in interventricular delay (IVD) and response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) during 24-month postoperative period in patients with quadripolar left ventricular leads.Material and methods. This retrospective non-randomized study included data from 48 patients with implanted CRT devices with quadripolar left ventricular (LV) leads, examined 3, 6, 12, 24 months after operation. CRT responders were considered patients with a decrease in end-systolic volume (ESV) by more than 10% compared with preoperative. To test the hypothesis about the rationale for choosing the maximum IVD when installing the LV lead, the group of patients was divided into two subgroups as follows: one with the maximum IVD (IVDmax, n=24), the other — without this condition (n=24).Results. A correlation was found between changes in IVD and ESV, as well as ejection fraction (EF) in the period of 6, 12 and 24 months after implantation compared to baseline. In the subgroup with IVDmax, the shortening of IVD in the postoperative period is higher at each considered period compared to the second subgroup, and in general, there is a more pronounced decrease in IVD over 24 months. At the same time, 3, 6, 12 months after surgery, patients with IVDmax show a significantly greater decrease in ESV and, accordingly, a greater increase in EF. Prognostic models of CRT response in the long term after implantation were created. Significant predictors were the initial IVD, changes in IVD in the early postoperative period and IVDmax selection. At the same time, not a single factor, taken separately, made it possible to separate responders and non-responders.Conclusion. A greater shortening of the IVD corresponds to a greater decrease in LV ESV and EDV, as well as a greater increase in EF in the long-term postoperative period. The choice of quadripolar LV lead in accordance with the maximum IVD is accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of non-responders, a more pronounced decrease in electrical ventricular dyssynchrony and an improvement in systolic function