Reseña: María Cristina Menéndez. Política y medios en la era de la información.

La relación entre los medios y la política representa un amplio núcleo de estudio, dentro de lacomunicación social. Gracias a las investigaciones de comunicación de masas, existe unapreocupación teórica y empírica por estudiar esta relación. Para el análisis de esta relación, entrepolítica, medios y opinión pública, las diversas disciplinas de las ciencias sociales, proponendiversas líneas de investigación

The detached dust shells around the carbon AGB stars R Scl and V644 Sco

Detached shells are believed to be created during a thermal pulse, and constrain the time scales and physical properties of one of the main drivers of late stellar evolution. We aim at determining the morphology of the detached dust shells around the carbon AGB stars R Scl and V644 Sco, and compare this to observations of the detached gas shells. We observe the polarised, dust-scattered stellar light around these stars using the PolCor instrument mounted on the ESO 3.6m telescope. Observations were done with a coronographic mask to block out the direct stellar light. The polarised images clearly show the detached shells. Using a dust radiative transfer code to model the dust-scattered polarised light, we constrain the radii and widths of the shells to 19.5 arcsec and 9.4 arcsec for the detached dust shells around R Scl and V644 Sco, respectively. Both shells have an overall spherical symmetry and widths of approx. 2 arcsec. For R Scl we can compare the observed dust emission directly with high spatial-resolution maps of CO(3-2) emission from the shell observed with ALMA. We find that the dust and gas coincide almost exactly, indicating a common evolution. The data presented here for R Scl are the most detailed observations of the entire dusty detached shell to date. For V644 Sco these are the first direct measurements of the detached shell. Also here we find that the dust most likely coincides with the gas shell. The observations are consistent with a scenario where the detached shells are created during a thermal pulse. The determined radii and widths will constrain hydrodynamical models describing the pre-pulse mass loss, the thermal pulse, and post-pulse evolution of the star

Magnetic Fields and the Formation of Aspherical Planetary Nebulae

The general evolution of stars with initial mass between 0.8 and 8 solar masses is believed to be well understood until the last stages, when significant mass loss starts. However, an initially spherical star may evolve into an asymmetrical planetary nebula (PN), whereas the underlying mechanism to this process remains as a puzzle. Until about a decade ago, it was believed that stars in the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase were still spherically symmetric. Nevertheless, observations performed in the last years show that, for some sources, elongated and asymmetrical envelopes can already be detected during the AGB phase. In the following pre-PN and planetary nebula phases, a variety of morphologies is observed, and the sources are classified into round, elliptical/elongated, bipolar, quadrupolar, multipolar, spiral, collimated lobes and irregular. It is unknown which mechanism or set of mechanisms is responsible for this change of morphology, making this topic to be one of the most discussed by the evolved stars community. To shed some light on this problem, three AGB stars (IK Tau, R Scl, and V644 Sco) and one red supergiant (VY CMa) were observed at optical wavelengths. We analyzed their dust scattered emission and searched for signs of upcoming asymmetries in their circumstellar envelope. The observations in R band reveal that the dust envelope of the AGB star IK Tau has a global elliptical morphology, and the presence of a central waist is discussed. The observation of VY CMa shows a complex morphology in the very extended nebula that surrounds the source. Furthermore, for the first time the detached shell around the AGB star V644 Sco was imaged, allowing a better investigation of the mass-loss episodes of the source. The detached shell around R Scl was also imaged and analyzed. The results reported in this thesis add together with previous works, confirming that the loss of spherical symmetry in the circumstellar envelope of evolved stars can already start during the AGB phase. Moreover, we studied one of the mechanisms that can play a role in the shaping process of the circumstellar envelope of these sources: magnetic fields. For this purpose, we investigated 22 GHz H2O maser observations around five sources: four AGB stars (IK Tau, RT Vir, IRC+60370, and AP Lyn) and one pre-PN (OH231.8+4.2). By analyzing the linear and circular polarization in the masers, we detected the presence of magnetic field in four of these five sources. We measured the field strengths to be from a few tens up to a few hundreds of milligauss in the H2O maser region (at a few tens of astronomical units from the star). Comparing our results with magnetic field measurements from the literature, obtained at different distances with respect to the stars, we tried to determine the most plausible geometry of the magnetic fields for the observed sources. However, it is not yet definitive if the observed fields are toroidal, poloidal, or dipole. The influence of magnetic fields on the shaping process of the circumstellar envelope of evolved stars is still unclear, but their detection around AGB stars, pre-PNe and PNe supports that they might play a role in the process. More measurements of the strength of the fields, also at different distances to the stars, and the investigation of the geometry of the fields are fundamental for providing better constraints to models, and for the better understanding of this subject

Theoretical framework for Risk management monitoring, review and improvement process of FLOSS applications using key risk indicators - KRI at a public agency

In the last decade, and due to a number of factors, including budget constraints caused by the economic crisis and the promotion of Free and Open Source Software - FLOSS by the brazilian federal government, public bodies have been increasingly using FLOSS both to cover own operational needs and to offer new and varied services to citizens. In this context, good governance rules suggest the establishment of the risk management process, which, in accordance with the ISO/IEC 27005 and ISO/IEC 31000 rules, broadly defines the context definition, analysis and risk assessment, risk management, communication, and critical risk monitoring and review of the organization’s assets. For the risk monitoring and review process, the COSO organization promotes the use of key risk indicators - KRI that help monitor alerts, changes in risk conditions, or new risks that may arise in the course of day to day operations. This article aims to present the theoretical framework for Risk management monitoring, review and improvement process of FLOSS applications using key risk indicators - KRI at a public agency.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Theoretical framework for Risk management monitoring, review and improvement process of FLOSS applications using key risk indicators - KRI at a public agency

In the last decade, and due to a number of factors, including budget constraints caused by the economic crisis and the promotion of Free and Open Source Software - FLOSS by the brazilian federal government, public bodies have been increasingly using FLOSS both to cover own operational needs and to offer new and varied services to citizens. In this context, good governance rules suggest the establishment of the risk management process, which, in accordance with the ISO/IEC 27005 and ISO/IEC 31000 rules, broadly defines the context definition, analysis and risk assessment, risk management, communication, and critical risk monitoring and review of the organization’s assets. For the risk monitoring and review process, the COSO organization promotes the use of key risk indicators - KRI that help monitor alerts, changes in risk conditions, or new risks that may arise in the course of day to day operations. This article aims to present the theoretical framework for Risk management monitoring, review and improvement process of FLOSS applications using key risk indicators - KRI at a public agency.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Processo de gestão de riscos no Diário Oficial do Distrito Federal : ISO 31000:2018

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Ciência da Computação, 2019.Introdução: A aplicação da gestão de riscos cresce na administração pública a cada ano e no Governo do Distrito Federal. Sabe-se que todo processo envolve riscos e existe ausência de conhecimento sobre a implementação de gestão de riscos na solicitação de publicação de atos oficiais nos Diários Oficiais.Objetivo: desenvolver proposta de aplicação de gestão de riscos no processo de publicação de atos oficiais no Diário Oficial do Distrito Federal sob a coordenação da Coordenação de Distribuição e Faturamento com base na ISO 31000:2018. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória de relato de caso. Resultados: Estabeleceu-se o mapeamento do processo de publicação de atos oficiais bem como processo de gestão de risco no Diário Oficial de Distrito Federal coordenado pela Coordenação de Distribuição e Faturamento. Os resultados obtidos identificaram onze riscos, desses relacionados a conformidade (n=3), estratégicos (n=4) e fiscais (n=4) e distribuídos entre os níveis de riscos médios (n=5), baixo (n=3) e alto (n=3). A ferramenta desenvolvida foi capaz de realizar a gestão dos pedidos e riscos envolvidos no processo de publicação de atos oficiais por meio de cores (semáforo), além de emissão de alertas (popup), bem como apresentar opções de respostas aos riscos. Além disso, apresentou um interface de dashboard que comunica de forma sistemática as demandas e os riscos. A implementação da ferramenta voltada a gestão de riscos permitiu o registro de 50.000 registros (2016-2018) e no ano de 2018 a identificação de 1.241 riscos envolvidos nas etapas de publicação (prazo >48 horas) e faturamento (vigência de contratos e saldos). Os resultados obtidos da proposta de gestão de riscos e a implementação da ferramenta foram satisfatórios em números e na percepção dos envolvidos. Conclusão: Os resultados evidenciam que é possível implementar a gestão de riscos no processo de publicação de atos oficiais, assim como é viável e aplicável a ferramenta voltada a gestão de riscos desenvolvida. Este é a primeira proposta de gestão de riscos em um Diário Oficial, assim espera-se que os resultados positivos possam estimular outros Diários a buscarem controles internos para melhorar os serviços prestados a sociedade de forma geral.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).Introduction: Every year, the application of risk management is growing in public administration and in the Government of the Federal District. It is known that all processes involve risks and there is a lack of knowledge about the implementation of risk management in the request of publication of official acts in Official Gazettes. Objective: to develop a proposal of the risk management application in the process of publication of official acts in the Federal District Official Gazette coordinated by the Distribution and Billing Coordination based on ISO 31000: 2018.Method: This is a descriptive and exploratory case report research.Results: It was established the mapping of the process of publication of official acts as well as the process of risk management in the Federal District Official Gazette coordinated by the Distribution and Billing Coordination. The study identified eleven risks in the process of publication of official acts, they were classified in conformity (n = 3), strategic (n = 4) and fiscal (n = 4) and distributed among the risk levels medium (n = 5), low (n = 3) and high (n = 3). The tool developed was able to manage the requests and the risks involved in the process of publication of official acts through colors (semaphore), besides issuing alerts (pop-up), as well as presenting options of responses to the risks. In addition, it presented a dashboard interface that systematically communicates demands and risks. The implementation of the risk management tool allowed the registration of 50,000 records (2016-2018) and in 2018, 1,241 risks were identified in the stages of the publication (term> 48 hours) and billing (term of contracts and balances). The results obtained from the risk management proposal and with the implementation of the tool were satisfactory in numbers and in the perception of those involved. Conclusion: The results emerge that it is possible to implement risk management in the process of publication of official acts, as well as the feasible and applicable tool developed for risk management. This is the first proposal of risk management in an Official Gazette, so it is hoped that the positive results could stimulate other Diaries to seek internal controls and improve the services provided to society in general

A INSTALAÇÃO DA ESTRADA DE FERRO MADEIRA-MAMORÉ EM O MAR E A SELVA, DE HENRY TOMLINSON E MAD MARIA, DE MÁRCIO SOUZA: THE INSTALLATION OF THE MADEIRA-MAMORÉ RAILWAY IN THE SEA AND THE JUNGLE, BY HENRY TOMLINSON AND MAD MARIA, BY MÁRCIO SOUZA

RESUMO: Neste texto, apresentamos o projeto cartográfico “Complexo Madeira”, ao passo que abordamos a instalação da Estrada de Ferro Madeira-Mamoré nas cartografias literárias de Tomlinson e Márcio Souza, respectivamente, nas obras O mar e a selva e Mad Maria. A pesquisa cartográfica redesenha através da rota literária, os percursos que dão força ao objeto em questão, a EFMM. Ao acompanharmos os processos e não propriamente o objeto, damos conta do movimento de oscilações e forças sobre a questão fulcral que é como aconteceu a edificação dessa ferrovia em plena selva amazônica. Ao partirmos desse pressuposto, novas intelecções são permitidas e a Literatura como episteme movediça nos permite novos olhares sob os aspectos sócio-histórico, político e cultural que se despontam na “ferrovia do diabo”. Palavras-chave: Estrada de Ferro Madeira-Mamoré; Literatura amazônica; Henry Tomlinson e Márcio Souza

Experiência profissionalizante na vertente de Farmácia Comunitária e Investigação

Com a progressão da idade verifica-se um aumento da incidência da hipertensão arterial, que afeta mais de 60% da população idosa (com =65 anos de idade). Tendo em conta que existem vários mecanismos e sistemas fisiológicos reguladores da pressão arterial, tornase claro que várias classes farmacológicas possam ser utilizadas nesta patologia, nomeadamente antagonistas dos recetores de angiotensina (ARA), inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina (IECA), diuréticos de ansa (DIUansa), diuréticos tiazídicos (DIUtiazida), diuréticos poupadores de potássio (DIUpp), bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio (BCC) e antagonistas beta-adrenérgicos (ABA). Foi realizada a análise dos dados terapêuticos dos idosos hipertensos incluídos na EBIcohort, uma coorte criada no âmbito do projeto ICON (“Interdisciplinary Challenges On Neurodegeneration”, Programa Operacional do Centro, Centro 2020 (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER000013), com o intuito de estudar os fatores ou esquemas terapêuticos que podem influenciar a qualidade de vida (QOL) dos idosos. Foram estabelecidos grupos de indivíduos com base no número de fármacos anti-hipertensivos existentes na sua terapêutica (grupo de controlo e grupo de idosos tratados com 1 a 5 substâncias ativas). Utilizámos o instrumento EUROHISQOL-8 para analisar os níveis de QOL nos diferentes grupos de idosos. Assim, procedeu-se à análise dos tipos de associações terapêuticas usadas mais frequentemente, distinguindo os diferentes tipos de classes farmacológicas, associações de fármacos, bem como o seu impacto na QoL. Dentro das monoterapias mais frequentemente observadas estão as que contemplam ARA (30.2%), DIUansa (26.4%) e IECA (18.9%). Nas terapêuticas duplas, a combinação DIUansaARA foi a predominante (19.1%) seguida de ARA-DIUtiazida (14.7%). Relativamente às terapêuticas triplas, a associação ARA-DIUansa-BCC foi a mais frequente (23.3%). Nos idosos tratados com 4 ou mais substâncias anti-hipertensivas, a associação ARA-DIUansa-BCC-ABA foi a mais observada (25.0%). Na monoterapia, os idosos tratados com ARA parecem ter um menor nível de QOL, enquanto os que se encontram submetidos a uma terapêutica com BCC apresentam níveis superiores de QOL, em comparação com outras monoterapias. Nas terapêuticas múltiplas, a associação de ARA com diuréticos tem tendência para aumentar a QoL, comparativamente à monoterapia com ARA. Adicionalmente, a associação de um BCC com um ARA ou DIUansa sugere um decréscimo na QOL, quando comparada à da monoterapia com BCC. O segundo capítulo do presente relatório de estágio refere-se ao estágio curricular realizado no âmbito da farmácia comunitária. Este teve lugar na Farmácia Rosa (Caldas da Rainha), de 22 de janeiro de 2019 a 1 de junho do mesmo ano, sob a orientação da Dra. Catarina Afonso. Aqui é descrito o funcionamento de uma farmácia e o seu enquadramento legal, bem como as áreas de intervenção do farmacêutico, as quais vão sendo caracterizadas de acordo com as tarefas que fui realizando ao longo deste período.Hypertension increases with ageing thus affecting more than 60% of the elderly population (aged =65 years). As different blood pressure regulating systems and mechanisms coexist, different drug classes can be used to treat hypertension, namely angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), loop diuretics (DIUan), thiazide diuretics (DIUtiazida), potassium-sparing diuretics (DIUpp), calcium channel blockers (CCB) and beta-adrenergic antagonists (BAA). We assessed the therapeutic data derived from hypertensive elders included in the EBIcohort, a cohort created in the scope of the ICON project (Programa Operacional do Centro, Centro 2020, CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000013), to study factors or therapeutic schemes that can influence the quality of life (QoL) of elders. We used the EUROHIS-QOL 8 scale to analyze the QoL levels in the different groups of elderly concerning different therapies.Groups of individuals were established taking in account the number of antihypertensive drugs in their therapy (control and elders treated with 1 to 5 drugs). We analyzed the types of drugs associations used with higher frequencies, taking in account the different pharmacologic classes, the different drug associations, as well as the impact of these drugs in QoL. The most frequently used monotherapies were ARB (30.2%), DIUan (26.4%) and ACEi (18.9%). Among dual therapies, the combination DIUan-ARB was predominant (19.1%) followed by ARB-DIUtiazida (14.7%). Concerning triple therapies the association ARB-DIUan-CCB was predominant (23.3%). In elders using four or more antihypertensive drugs, the association ARB-DIUan-CCB-BAA was predominant (25.0%). In monotherapy, elders treated with ARB seems to have lower level and CCB bigger level of QoL compared with the other monotherapies. In multi-therapy, the association of ARB with diuretics has a tendency to increase QoL comparing with ARB monotherapy. In addition, association of CCB with ARB or DIUan appears to decrease QoL when compared with CCB monotherapy. The second chapter of the present internship report refers to the curricular internship that occurred at a community pharmacy. Namely, it took place at Farmácia Rosa (in Caldas da Rainha), from January 22nd 2019 to 1st June 2019, under the guidance of Dr. Catarina Afonso. In this section, the overall functioning of a community pharmacy and its legal framework is described, as well as the pharmacist’s intervention areas, which are characterized throughout the report according to the tasks I was taught to perform along the way