Crescimento e metabolismo de mudas de Pityrocarpa moniliformis Benth. sob deficit hídrico

Pityrocarpa moniliformis Benth. has medicinal properties, forage potential, besides showing rusticity and rapid growth, which confer potential to recover degraded areas. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the growth and biochemical components of Pityrocarpa moniliformis seedlings under water deficit conditions. The design used was randomized blocks, with five treatments and four replicates, with the experimental plot consisting of twenty plants. Treatments were characterized by different periods of water deficit (0; 4; 8; 12 and 16 days without irrigation). At 44 days after sowing (DAS), when the seedlings had two pairs of fully formed true leaves, the treatments began to be applied. The development of the seedlings was evaluated until 60 DAS when they were collected for biometric and biochemical analyses. The variables analyzed were shoot height; collar diameter; number of leaves; shoot dry mass; root dry mass; root/shoot ratio; and Dickson’s quality index. Contents of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total free amino acids, total soluble sugar, and proline contents in the leaves were also determined. The treatment most affected by the lack of irrigation was 16 days of water deficit, which resulted in the death of 38.8% of the seedlings. This condition caused a decrease in shoot length, reducing it by approximately 29.2% compared to the control treatment. There was also a reduction in the production of new leaves from the eighth day after the differentiation of treatments. Pityrocarpa moniliformis seedlings can develop under the condition of water deficit for up to 8 days, even with chlorophyll degradation due to stress. Pityrocarpa moniliformis maintains its vegetative development by performing osmotic adjustment through the accumulation of biomolecules (sugars, proline, and amino acids).Pityrocarpa moniliformis Benth. possui propriedades medicinais, potencial forrageiro, além de apresentar rusticidade e rápido crescimento, o que lhe confere potencialidade de uso para recuperação de áreas degradadas. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento e os componentes bioquímicos de mudas de Pityrocarpa moniliformis em condições de deficit hídrico. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo a parcela experimental composta por vinte plantas. Os tratamentos foram caracterizados por diferentes períodos de deficit hídrico (0; 4; 8; 12 e 16 dias sem irrigação). Aos 44 dias após a semeadura (DAS), quando as mudas apresentaram dois pares de folhas verdadeiras totalmente formadas, iniciou-se a aplicação dos tratamentos. O desenvolvimento das mudas foi avaliado até os 60 DAS, período em que ocorreu a coleta destas para as análises biométricas e bioquímicas. As variáveis analisadas foram: altura da parte aérea; diâmetro do colo; número de folhas; massa seca de parte aérea e raiz; relação entre raiz e parte aérea; e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Também foram determinados nas folhas os teores de clorofilas totais, a e b; aminoácidos livres totais; teor de açúcares solúveis totais; e teor de prolina. O tratamento mais afetado pela falta de irrigação foi o de 16 dias, o qual acarretou a morte de 38,8% das mudas. Essa condição ocasionou a diminuição no comprimento da parte aérea das mudas, com redução de aproximadamente 29,2%, quando comparado ao tratamento-controle. Houve também redução da emissão de novas folhas a partir do oitavo dia após a diferenciação dos tratamentos. Mudas de Pityrocarpa moniliformis conseguem se desenvolver em condição de deficit hídrico por até 8 dias, mesmo ocorrendo a degradação de clorofilas devido ao estresse. A manutenção do desenvolvimento vegetativo de Pityrocarpa moniliformis ocorre devido à realização de ajustamento osmótico pelo acúmulo de biomoléculas (açúcares, prolina e aminoácidos)

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

ATLANTIC POLLINATION: a data set of flowers and interaction with nectar-feeding vertebrates from the Atlantic Forest

Flowering plant species and their nectar-feeding vertebrates exemplify some of the most remarkable biotic interactions in the Neotropics. In the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, several species of birds (especially hummingbirds), bats, and non-flying mammals, as well as one lizard feed on nectar, often act as pollinators and contribute to seed output of flowering plants. We present a dataset containing information on flowering plants visited by nectar-feeding vertebrates and sampled at 166 localities in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. This dataset provides information on 1902 unique interactions among 515 species of flowering plants and 129 species of potential vertebrate pollinators and the patterns of species diversity across latitudes. All plant-vertebrate interactions compiled were recorded through direct observations of visits, and no inferences of pollinators based on floral syndromes were included. We also provide information on the most common plant traits used to understand the interactions between flowers and nectar-feeding vertebrates: plant growth form, corolla length, rate of nectar production per hour in bagged flowers, nectar concentration, flower color and shape, time of anthesis, presence or absence of perceptible fragrance by human, and flowering phenology as well as the plant's threat status by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classification. For the vertebrates, status of threat by IUCN classification, body mass, bill or rostrum size are provided. Information on the frequency of visits and pollen deposition on the vertebrate's body is provided from the original source when available. The highest number of unique interactions is recorded for birds (1771) followed by bats (110). For plants, Bromeliaceae contains the highest number of unique interactions (606), followed by Fabaceae (242) and Gesneriaceae (104). It is evident that there was geographical bias of the studies throughout the southeast of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and that most effort was directed to flower-hummingbird interactions. However, it reflects a worldwide tendency of more plants interacting with birds compared with other vertebrate species. The lack of similar protocols among studies to collect basic data limits the comparisons among areas and generalizations. Nevertheless, this dataset represents a notable effort to organize and highlight the importance of vertebrate pollinators in this hotspot of biodiversity on Earth and represents the data currently available. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or scientific events

Seminário de Dissertação (2024)

Página da disciplina de Seminário de Dissertação (MPPP, UFPE, 2022) Lista de participantes == https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mrULe1y04yPxHUBaF50jhaM1OY8QYJ3zva4N4yvm198/edit#gid=

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially