Stellar Wind Accretion in GX301-2: Evidence for a High-density Stream

The X-ray binary system GX301-2 consists of a neutron star in an eccentric orbit accreting from the massive early-type star WRAY 977. It has previously been shown that the X-ray orbital light curve is consistent with existence of a gas stream flowing out from Wray 977 in addition to its strong stellar wind. Here, X-ray monitoring observations by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE)/ All-Sky-Monitor (ASM) and pointed observations by the RXTE/ Proportional Counter Array (PCA) over the past decade are analyzed. We analyze both the flux and column density dependence on orbital phase. The wind and stream dynamics are calculated for various system inclinations, companion rotation rates and wind velocities, as well as parametrized by the stream width and density. These calculations are used as inputs to determine both the expected accretion luminosity and the column density along the line-of-sight to the neutron star. The model luminosity and column density are compared to observed flux and column density vs. orbital phase, to constrain the properties of the stellar wind and the gas stream. We find that the change between bright and medium intensity levels is primarily due to decreased mass loss in the stellar wind, but the change between medium and dim intensity levels is primarily due to decreased stream density. The mass-loss rate in the stream exceeds that in the stellar wind by a factor of 2.5. The quality of the model fits is significantly better for lower inclinations, favoring a mass for WRAY 977 of 53 to 62 Msun.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figure

Radio Spectrum and Distance of the SNR HB9

New images are presented of the supernova remnant (SNR) HB9 based on 408 MHz and 1420 MHz continuum emission and HI-line emission data of the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey (CGPS) by the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory (DRAO). Two methods of spectral index analysis for HB9 are presented and compared: one removes compact sources at both frequencies but is limited to the resolution of the 408 MHz image; the other removes compact sources only in the 1420 MHz image so is effective at higher spatial resolution. The second allows more detailed spectral index variation studies than the first. The two T-T plot methods and new integrated flux densities give spectral index (S_{\nu}\propto\nu^{-alpha}) for the whole of HB9 of 0.48+-0.03; and 0.47+-0.06, respectively. These are lower than previous spectral index for HB9 (alpha=0.61). Spatial variations of spectral index are derived using the second method and yield a steeper spectral index for interior regions than for the rim. This can be explained by a standard curved interstellar electron energy spectrum combined with lower interior magnetic field compared to that near the outer shock, which results in a larger proportion of steep spectrum emission for lines-of-sight through the central body of the SNR. HI observations show structures probably associated with the SNR in the radial velocity range -3 to -9 km/s and suggest a distance of 0.8+-0.4 kpc for the SNR. This is consistent with the distance to the radio pulsar 0458+46, offset from the center of HB9 by 23'. However the pulsar spindown and kinematic ages are significantly greater than estimates of the SNR age: the Sedov age for HB9 is 6600 yr and the evaporative cloud model yields ages of 4000-7,000 yr.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, accepted by A&

A Monte Carlo Study of the 6.4 keV Emission at the Galactic Center

Strong fluorescent Fe line emission at 6.4 keV has been observed from the Sgr B2 giant molecular cloud located in the Galactic Center region. The large equivalent width of this line and the lack of an apparent illuminating nearby object indicate that a time-dependent source, currently in a low-activity state, is causing the fluorescent emission. It has been suggested that this illuminator is the massive black hole candidate, Sgr A*, whose X-ray luminosity has declined by an unprecedented six orders of magnitude over the past 300 years. We here report the results of our Monte Carlo simulations for producing this line under a variety of source configurations and characteristics. These indicate that the source may in fact be embedded within Sgr B2, although external sources give a slightly better fit to the data. The weakened distinction between the internal and external illuminators is due in part to the instrument response function, which accounts for an enhanced equivalent width of the line by folding some of the continuum radiation in with the intrinsic line intensity. We also point out that although the spectrum may be largely produced by K$\alpha$ emission in cold gas, there is some evidence in the data to suggest the presence of warm (~10^5 K) emitting material near the cold cloud.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Distances to Supernova Remnants G20.4+0.120.4+0.1, G24.7−0.624.7-0.6 and G28.6−0.128.6-0.1 and New Molecular Cloud Associations

Accurate distances to supernova remnants (SNRs) are crucial in determining their size, age, luminosity and evolutionary state. To determine distances, we chose three SNRs from the VLA Galactic Plane Survey (VGPS) for extraction of HI absorption spectra. Analysing HI absorption spectra, $^{13}$CO emission spectra, and HI and $^{13}$CO channel maps, kinematic velocities (or their limits) to the three SNRs were calculated. The three SNRs are probably associated with molecular clouds and the new distance to G$20.4+0.1$, G$24.7-0.6$ and G$28.6-0.1$ are $7.8 \pm0.5$ kpc, $3.8\pm 0.2$ kpc and $9.6 \pm 0.3$ kpc, respectively.Comment: 10 pages, 14 figure

The 144 second periodic flux variations during x ray turn-on of Hercules X-1

Hercules X-1 is a well known bright binary X ray pulsator. It has a 1.70 day orbital period, a pulsation period of 1.24 second, and a 35 day semiperiodic variability. The discovery is reported of a new 144 second periodicity in the X ray emission from Her X-1. The periodicity is seen in X ray observations of Her X-1 by the LAC instrument onboard the Ginga satellite during Aug. to Sep. 1988. The periodic flux variations occur during the time of X ray turnon at the beginning of a high state of Her X-1, in the same time that a pre-eclipse dip also occurs. An analysis of the LAC spectra of Her X-1 during this period is also presented. Large changes in spectral shape occur associated with the dip