A case of hepatic cyst-induced internal jugular venous thrombosis

• Echocardiography can demonstrate hepatic cyst–induced right atrial compression. • Hepatic cyst–induced blood flow stasis can cause internal jugular venous thrombus. • Laparoscopic deroofing of hepatic cysts is a safe and effective treatment

MICROENCAPSULATION OF MERCAPTAN USING POLYCAPROLACTONE AS SHELL MATERIAL TOWARD SELF-HEALING COATING APPLICATIONS

Polymer materials incorporating microencapsulated self-healing agents have a wide range of application from paint coating, anti-corrosion coatings to automotive and construction materials. In this research, microcapsules containing reactive mercaptan compound for use in self healing polymers were successfully fabricated via the oil-in-water emulsion method. We employed for the first time the UV-initiated thiol-ene reaction between an alkene-functionalized polycaprolactone and a tetrathiol compound to form the microcapsule shell. To synthesize microcapsules, the tetrathiol was used in large excess, thus maintaining inside the microcapsules as the core material. The obtained microcapsules were analyzed by Fourier Transform infrared microscopy, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser diffraction particle size analysis. The core was extracted by Soxhlet extraction and analyzed by 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy

Dimethyl 2-[22,24-dimethyl-23-oxo-8,11,14-trioxa-25-aza­tetra­cyclo­[19.3.1.02,7.015,20]penta­cosa-2,4,6,15(20),16,18-hexaen-25-yl]but-2-enedioate

The title compound, C29H33NO8, is a product of the Michael addition of the cyclic secondary amine subunit of the aza-14-crown-4 ether to dimethyl acetyl­enedicarboxyl­ate. The piperidinone ring exhibits a distorted chair conformation, and the dimethyl ethylenedicarboxylate fragment has a cis configuration with a dihedral angle of 78.96 (5)° between the two carboxyl­ate groups. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

(2E,25E)-11,14,17,33,36,39,42-Hepta­oxa­penta­cyclo­[41.4.0.05,10.018,23.027,32]hepta­tetra­conta-1(43),2,5(10),6,8,18,20,22,25,27,29,31,44,46-tetra­decaene-4,24-dione

The title compound, C40H40O9, is a product of the double crotonic condensation of bis­(2-acetyl­phen­oxy)-3-oxapentane with bis­(2-formyl­phen­oxy)-3,6-dioxaoctane. The title macromolecule includes the 31-crown-7-ether skeletal unit and adopts a saddle-like conformation. The two ethyl­ene fragments have E configurations. The volume of the inter­nal cavity of the macrocycle is approximately 125 Å3. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are arranged at van der Waals distances

Universality in odd-even harmonic generation and application in terahertz waveform sampling

Odd-even harmonics emitted from a laser-target system imprint rich, subtle information characterizing the system's dynamical asymmetry, which is desirable to decipher. In this Letter, we discover a simple universal relation between the odd-even harmonics and the asymmetry of the THz-assisted laser-atomic system -- atoms in a fundamental mid-IR laser pulse combined with a THz laser. First, we demonstrate numerically and then analytically formulize the harmonic even-to-odd ratio as a function of the THz electric field, the source of the system's asymmetry. Notably, we suggest a scaling that makes the obtained rule universal, independent of the parameters of both the fundamental pulse and atomic target. This universality facilitates us to propose a general pump-probe scheme for THz waveform sampling from the even-to-odd ratio, measurable within a conventional compact setup

Insights into the Carbon chemistry of Mon R2

Aiming to learn about the chemistry of the dense PDR around the ultracompact (UC) HII region in Mon R2, we have observed a series of mm-wavelength transitions of C3H2 and C2H. In addition, we have traced the distribution of other molecules, such as H13CO+, SiO, HCO, and HC3N. These data, together with the reactive ions recently detected, have been considered to determine the physical conditions and to model the PDR chemistry. We then identified two kind of molecules. The first group, formed by the reactive ions (CO+, HOC+) and small hydrocarbons (C2H, C3H2), traces the surface layers of the PDR and is presumably exposed to a high UV field (hence we called it as "high UV", or HUV). HUV species is expected to dominate for visual absorptions 2 < Av < 5 mag. A second group (less exposed to the UV field, and hence called "low UV", or LUV) includes HCO and SiO, and is mainly present at the edges of the PDR (Av > 5 mag). While the abundances of the HUV molecules can be explained by gas phase models, this is not the case for the studied LUV ones. Although some efficient gas-phase reactions might be lacking, grain chemistry sounds like a probable mechanism able to explain the observed enhancement of HCO and SiO. Within this scenario, the interaction of UV photons with grains produces an important effect on the molecular gas chemistry and constitutes the first evidence of an ionization front created by the UC HII region carving its host molecular cloud. The physical conditions and kinematics of the gas layer which surrounds the UC HII region were derived from the HUV molecules. Molecular hydrogen densities > 4 10^6 cm^(-3) are required to reproduce the observations. Such high densities suggest that the HII region could be pressure-confined by the surrounding high density molecular gas.Comment: 32 pages, 8 figures. Accepted by Astrophysical Journa

Environmental allergen reduction in asthma management: an overview

Asthma is a prevalent non-communicable disease that affects both children and adults. Many patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma could not achieve total control despite using anti-asthmatic drugs. There is increasing evidence that allergy to environmental allergens, including both indoor and outdoor allergens, is associated with asthma symptoms and severe asthma. Frequently reported sensitized allergens were dust mites, cockroaches, grass pollens, molds, pets, and rodents in allergic asthma patients, although the patterns of widespread allergens differed from each country. Allergen avoidance is the cornerstone of asthma management, especially in sensitized subjects. This review summarizes environmental allergen avoidance and clarifies their effects on asthma control. Despite contrasting results about the impact of allergen exposure reduction on asthma control, several studies supported the beneficial effects of reducing asthma-related symptoms or risk of exacerbations as a nondrug therapy. Identifying environmental allergens is helpful for asthma patients, and further studies on clinically effective avoidance methods are required