Time-dependent Mechanics and Lagrangian submanifolds of Dirac manifolds

A description of time-dependent Mechanics in terms of Lagrangian submanifolds of Dirac manifolds (in particular, presymplectic and Poisson manifolds) is presented. Two new Tulczyjew triples are discussed. The first one is adapted to the restricted Hamiltonian formalism and the second one is adapted to the extended Hamiltonian formalism

Culpabilización a las víctimas de delitos: alcance y factores asociados

There are currently few studies that have analyzed attitudes towards victims of crime, especially in Spain. With the purpose of contributing to this area of research, this work seeks to explore the main causal attributions for victimization and to examine the influence of victimization experiences and gender on the tendency to blame victims. To do this we employed a sample composed of 2,112 university students (63.6% women and 36.4% men). The data was collected through an online survey from November 7 to 20, 2017. The results showed that men blamed victims more than women did. In addition, controlling for the effect of gender, it was found that respondents who had been victimized were less likely to blame victims. The results and their implications are discussed

Sustainability in Higher Education Institutions: Theoretical Management of the Carbon Footprint at UNESUM

Higher education institutions (HEI) play a fundamental role, potentially generating positive and negative social and environmental impacts. The quantification of environmental indicators such as the carbon footprint (CF) within HEI allows for evaluation of the negative impact generated. In turn, the pertinent management of the CF permits valuing the environmental position of the HEI according to its level of resources consumption and generation of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. The objective of this study was to estimate the CF of the Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí (UNESUM) and to propose an integrating approach that affirms its environmental commitment to move toward being a sustainable campus. Several authors have identified that the activities of HEI and their infrastructure are essential points in management and sustainability. In this context, the integration of an environmental management system (EMS) and the green building initiative are two approaches with great potential for fulfilling the second stated objective. Keywords: carbon footprint (CF), greenhouse gases (GHG), climate crisis, sustainability, mitigation. Resumen Las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) juegan un papel fundamental siendo potencialmente generadoras de impactos sociales y ambientales positivos y negativos. La cuantificación de indicadores ambientales como la Huella de Carbono (HC) dentro de las IES permite evaluar el impacto negativo generado; a su vez, la gestión pertinente de la HC admite valorar la posición medioambiental de la IES respecto a su nivel de consumo de recursos y generación de emisiones de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI). El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la HC de la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí (UNESUM) y plantear un enfoque integrador que permita afirmar su compromiso medioambiental para encaminarse a ser un campus sustentable. Varios autores han identificado que las actividades de las IES y su infraestructura son puntos esenciales en la gestión y sostenibilidad. Bajo ese contexto, la integración de un Sistema de Gestión Ambiental (SGA) y la iniciativa de construcción ecológica son dos enfoques con un gran potencial para el cumplimiento del segundo objetivo planteado. Palabras Clave: Huella de Carbono (HC), Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI), crisis climática, sostenibilidad, mitigación

Tetracycline-resistance encoding plasmids from Paenibacillus larvae, the causal agent of American foulbrood disease, isolated from commercial honeys

Paenibacillus larvae, the causal agent of American foulbrood disease in honeybees, acquires tetracycline-resistance via native plasmids carrying known tetracycline-resistance determinants. From three P. larvae tetracycline-resistant strains isolated from honeys, 5-kb-circular plasmids with almost identical sequences, designated pPL373 in strain PL373, pPL374 in strain PL374, and pPL395 in strain PL395, were isolated. These plasmids were highly similar (99%) to small tetracycline-encoding plasmids (pMA67, pBHS24, pBSDMV46A, pDMV2, pSU1, pAST4, and pLS55) that replicate by the rolling circle mechanism. Nucleotide sequences comparisons showed that pPL373, pPL374, and pPL395 mainly differed from the previously reported P. larvae plasmid pMA67 in the oriT region and mob genes. These differences suggest alternative mobilization and/or conjugation capacities. Plasmids pPL373, pPL374, and pPL395 were individually transferred by electroporation and stably maintained in tetracycline-susceptible P. larvae NRRL B-14154, in which they autonomously replicated. The presence of nearly identical plasmids in five different genera of gram-positive bacteria, i.e., Bhargavaea, Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Paenibacillus, and Sporosarcina, inhabiting diverse ecological niches provides further evidence of the genetic transfer of tetracycline resistance among environmental bacteria from soils, food, and marine habitats and from pathogenic bacteria such as P. larvae. [Int Microbiol 2014; 17(1):49-61]Keywords: American foulbrood disease (AFB) · Paenibacillus larvae · tetracycline resistance · plasmids · honeybee

On the Hamilton-Jacobi Theory for Singular Lagrangian Systems

We develop a Hamilton-Jacobi theory for singular lagrangian systems using the Gotay-Nester-Hinds constraint algorithm. The procedure works even if the system has secondary constraints.Comment: 36 page

Symmetries in Classical Field Theory

The multisymplectic description of Classical Field Theories is revisited, including its relation with the presymplectic formalism on the space of Cauchy data. Both descriptions allow us to give a complete scheme of classification of infinitesimal symmetries, and to obtain the corresponding conservation laws.Comment: 70S05; 70H33; 55R10; 58A2