Discipline et rapport au monde professionnel : le portfolio comme self assessment pour des professeurs-stagiaires d’anglais et d’histoire-géographie

Les relations entre écritures à l’université, écritures professionnalisantes et écritures professionnelles, sont explorées en formation initiale d’enseignants du second degré, à partir de portfolios réalisés dans deux disciplines : l’anglais et l’histoiregéographie à l’Université de Caen (IUFM). Le cadrage des portfolios ainsi que le dispositif de la formation à/par l’écriture sont décrits. Les analyses portent, extraits à l’appui, sur la polyphonie énonciative et sur le traitement du réel professionnel dans ces portfolios. Les disciplines sont appréhendées en tant qu’univers linguistiques et sémiotiques organisant la formation-professionnalisation des professeurs

Labeled TEMPO-Oxidized Mannan Differentiates Binding Profiles within the Collectin Families

Establishing the rapid and accurate diagnosis of sepsis is a key component to the improvement of clinical outcomes. The ability of analytical platforms to rapidly detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) in blood could provide a powerful host-independent biomarker of sepsis. A novel concept was investigated based on the idea that a pre-bound and fluorescent ligand could be released from lectins in contact with high-affinity ligands (such as PAMPs). To create fluorescent ligands with precise avidity, the kinetically followed TEMPO oxidation of yeast mannan and carbodiimide coupling were used. The chemical modifications led to decreases in avidity between mannan and human collectins, such as the mannan-binding lectin (MBL) and human surfactant protein D (SP-D), but not in porcine SP-D. Despite this effect, these fluorescent derivatives were captured by human lectins using highly concentrated solutions. The resulting fluorescent beads were exposed to different solutions, and the results showed that displacements occur in contact with higher affinity ligands, proving that two-stage competition processes can occur in collectin carbohydrate recognition mechanisms. Moreover, the fluorescence loss depends on the discrepancy between the respective avidities of the recognized ligand and the fluorescent mannan. Chemically modulated fluorescent ligands associated with a diversity of collectins may lead to the creation of diagnostic tools suitable for multiplex array assays and the identification of high-avidity ligands

Symptom-based stratification of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome: multi-dimensional characterisation of international observational cohorts and reanalyses of randomised clinical trials

Background Heterogeneity is a major obstacle to developing effective treatments for patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. We aimed to develop a robust method for stratification, exploiting heterogeneity in patient-reported symptoms, and to relate these differences to pathobiology and therapeutic response. Methods We did hierarchical cluster analysis using five common symptoms associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pain, fatigue, dryness, anxiety, and depression), followed by multinomial logistic regression to identify subgroups in the UK Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Registry (UKPSSR). We assessed clinical and biological differences between these subgroups, including transcriptional differences in peripheral blood. Patients from two independent validation cohorts in Norway and France were used to confirm patient stratification. Data from two phase 3 clinical trials were similarly stratified to assess the differences between subgroups in treatment response to hydroxychloroquine and rituximab. Findings In the UKPSSR cohort (n=608), we identified four subgroups: Low symptom burden (LSB), high symptom burden (HSB), dryness dominant with fatigue (DDF), and pain dominant with fatigue (PDF). Significant differences in peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibody positivity, as well as serum IgG, κ-free light chain, β2-microglobulin, and CXCL13 concentrations were observed between these subgroups, along with differentially expressed transcriptomic modules in peripheral blood. Similar findings were observed in the independent validation cohorts (n=396). Reanalysis of trial data stratifying patients into these subgroups suggested a treatment effect with hydroxychloroquine in the HSB subgroup and with rituximab in the DDF subgroup compared with placebo. Interpretation Stratification on the basis of patient-reported symptoms of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome revealed distinct pathobiological endotypes with distinct responses to immunomodulatory treatments. Our data have important implications for clinical management, trial design, and therapeutic development. Similar stratification approaches might be useful for patients with other chronic immune-mediated diseases. Funding UK Medical Research Council, British Sjogren's Syndrome Association, French Ministry of Health, Arthritis Research UK, Foundation for Research in Rheumatology

Se former pour éduquer : la spatialité comme ressource(s). Exercice de pensée critique géographique d'étudiantes et d'étudiants

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Collaborer avec une entreprise privée : quelle diffusion et valorisation des résultats ? Le cas de la recherche « Parité au domicile ».

International audiencePour quelles raisons collaborer avec un financeur privé en sciences humaines et sociales et en sciences de l'éducation et de la formation en particulier ? La communication re-visite réflexivement les intérêts partagés quoique différents poursuivis par le financeur et commanditaire d’une part et d’autre part par le laboratoire et ceux et celles de ses membres qui participent à ces recherches financées, particulièrement l’une d’entre elles, la recherche intitulée « Parité au domicile »

Reprise d'études et développement professionnel : l'analyse de l'activité comme épreuve (170-177)

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Le portfolio : entre écriture professionnalisante et écriture de recherche. Analyse d’une expérimentation de portfolio de formation à l’IUFM de Basse-Normandie

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Carnets collectifs à l’école ou carnets pluriels ?

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Compte rendu de lecture de Bertrand Daunay (dir.) (2011). Les écrits professionnels des enseignants. Approche didactique. Rennes : Presses universitaires (paideia), 199 pages

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Prendre au sérieux le mot d’Howard Becker : « Toute chose se déroule quelque part »… De quelques considérations conceptuelles et méthodologiques sur le territoire, l’espace, le milieu, le contexte… et l’activité des personnes

Communication au séminaire TREC (Territoires Régulations Expérimentations Coopérations), LEST (Laboratoire Économie et Sociologie du Travail), séance « Territoires et professionnalités enseignantes »International audiencePodcast Territoires et professionnalités enseignantes disponible sur : https://lest.fr/fr/articles/2022/07/seminaire-trec-podcast-disponible-territoires-et-professionnalites-enseignantes-20062022