1,734 research outputs found
On the continuity of lyapunov exponents of random walks in random potentials
We consider a simple random walk in an i.i.d. non-negative potential on the
d-dimensional integer lattice, . We study the quenched Lyapunov
exponents, and present a probabilistic proof of its continuity when the
potentials converge in distribution.Comment: 24
Board Gender Diversity, Bank Risk and Performance: Evidence from Vietnam
The focus of this article is on the correlation between board diversity, financial performance, and risk. In particular, the study examines the presence of female and foreign directors on corporate boards. The research uses a sample of 15 Vietnamese listed banks during 2014-2020. The findings indicate that the number of female directors on boards does not have a significant relationship with bank performance or risk. Additionally, the study reveals a negative relationship between the presence of foreign directors and bank risk.
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CITE THIS PAPER:
Hong, L. T. T.; Ngan, C. T. T. (2023). โBoard Gender Diversity, Bank Risk and Performance: Evidence from Vietnamโ Journal of World Economy: Transformations & Transitions (JOWETT) 3(06):26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52459/jowett3626052
On the Governance of Innovation: Institutional Ownership vs. Stock Price
Firms can change their outstanding shares to manage their stock price levels. Those with lower stock prices tend to attract more speculative trading, which causes higher price volatility and may force their managers to excessively focus on short-term earnings at the expense of R&D and other long-term projects. Thus, I hypothesize that keeping high stock price levels allows firms to (i) limit speculative tradersโ influences on stock prices and thus mitigate investor short-termism, and (ii) enhance R&D productivity. Indeed, I find that high-priced firms are less likely to cut R&D to reverse an earnings decline, less likely to fire their CEOs, and have more innovation. All these findings are robust after controlling for institutional ownership, a factor that has been shown in the literature to have a correlation with share price and also have a significant impact on R&D policies and innovation. For robustness checks, I examine stock splits, which allow mangers to re-set their stock price levels, and IPOs in which managers set an offering price range before shares are publicly traded. Consistent with my hypothesis, I discover that innovative firms are less likely to split their stocks, and that innovation declines after firms split their stocks. Furthermore, IPO firms that set higher offering prices, not those that attract more institutional ownership, have more future innovation. Thus, the results imply that, rather than being โforcedโ or โassuredโ by institutional investors to innovate as the extant literature suggests, managers of innovative firms actively support high stock price levels to foster innovation
STRUCTURE, ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES, AND APPLICATION POSIBILITY AS SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS CATHODE MATERIALS OF (La2NiO4ยฑฮด)1-x(BaTiO3)x(x=0.0-0.5) COMPOSITES
(La2NiO4ยฑฮด)1-x(BaTiO3)x (LNO/BTO), x=0.0, 0.05, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5 composites were prepared and investigated in structure and electrical properties. Single phase La2NiO4ยฑฮด component was obtained by sintering at 1000 oC during 12 h in air. Electrical conductivity was measured by 4-point probe method in wide temperature region above room temperature. Experiment showed that the highest conductivity was obtained in x=0.3 composite sample. Glass shell-nanocrystallite core structure of grains plays important role for this conducting enhancement. Conducting behavior of composites change from metal to semiconductor in the temperature interval of 400 to 700 oC. The LNO/BTO systems with acceptable electrical conductivity in such temperature interval are suitable for making cathode materials in solid oxide fuel cells
THE ACTUALITY OF THE INSURANCE MARKET IN VIETNAM
With the current socio-economic development, insurance is gradually becoming an important and essential service. A developed insurance market will ensure social and financial security for individuals and businesses. In recent years, the insurance market has not developed stably. The author focuses on analyzing the current situation of the insurance market in 2022 and 2023 according to the following criteria: Insurance enterprise size, insurance revenue, insurance premium revenue, investment revenue, financial capacity โฆ The author also proposed solutions to develop the insurance market in the coming time for the State and insurance businesses
๊ด๊ด-๋์ด ๊ฐ๋ฐ ๋ฅ์์ค์ ์ด๋ฏผ์ ์ฐธ์ฌ: ๋ฒ ํธ๋จ์ ๋น์ฃํ์ด (Viet Hai) ์ฌ๋ก์ฐ๊ตฌ
ํ์๋
ผ๋ฌธ (์์ฌ) -- ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต ๋ํ์ : ์ฌํ๊ณผํ๋ํ ์ง๋ฆฌํ๊ณผ, 2020. 8. Edo Andriesse.The study examines local involvement in tourism activities and rural development in Viet Hai, a remote, rural commune of Vietnam. Rather than exploring community participation in tourism planning as other research, this thesis focuses on village engagement in tourism employment, in consideration of the process of rural development and rural transformation. Qualitative research methods were conducted, consisting of archival studies, direct participant observation at the village, and a total of 40 in-depth local interviews: 32 villagers, 3 local government officials, and 5 tourists. The fieldwork results reveal the following two main findings.
Firstly, in general, local community takes part in tourism activities in three different forms, namely direct involvement, indirect involvement and non-involvement. Although tourism has developed for almost 20 years, only a small number of local people and local households are considered as directly involved because they directly provide services for tourists such as accommodation and transportation. These directly involved households are members of a community-based tourism program (CBT) which was established to gather local tourism businesses together and encourage them to support each other. A majority of local people and local households in Viet Hai fall under indirect and non-involvement in tourism activities which reflects the low engagement in tourism employment in the village. The difference in geographical acting space (referring to external social networks) and bonding social capital under the form of family and kinship network (as pertaining to internal social networks) are more likely to be the determining factors that prevent the engagement of a majority of local villagers in tourism activities.
Secondly, tourism has offered both financial and non-financial benefits to local development, highlighting the role of tourism in diversifying rural occupation, rural income in the process of rural transformation. However, the benefits of tourism development are unequally distributed among local villagers, leading to the disparity of living standards between different groups in the village. Most of the benefits go to families directly involved in tourism activities through running their own businesses such as homestays, restaurants, and driver services. Meanwhile, local villagers who are not engaged in tourism activities or indirectly joining tourism, experience more vulnerability due to unsustainable sources of income, lack of savings, and geographical isolation. These results raise concerns about inclusive development in rural areas in Viet Hai and other developing countries.
Keyword: rural tourism, rural development, community-based tourism (CBT), geographical acting space, bonding social capital, kinship.์ด ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๋ฒ ํธ๋จ์ ์ธ๋ด ์๊ณจ ๊ณต๋์ฒด์ธ ๋น์ฃํ์ด ์ง์ญ์ ๊ด๊ด ํ๋๊ณผ ๋์ด ๊ฐ๋ฐ(rural development)์ ๋ํ ์ง์ญ์ ๊ด์ฌ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ฌํ๋ค. ๋ณธ ๋
ผ๋ฌธ์ ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋งํผ ๊ด๊ด ๊ณํ์ ๋ํ ์ง์ญ์ฌํ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ํ๊ตฌํ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋ค๋ ๋์ด์ ๋ฐ์ ๊ณผ ๋์ด์ ๋ณํ ๊ณผ์ ์ ๊ณ ๋ คํด ๊ด๊ด๊ณ ์ฉ์ ๋ํ ๋ง์์ฐธ์ฌ์ ์ด์ ์ ๋ง์ถ๊ณ ์๋ค. ์ ์ฑ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ์์นด์ด๋ธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋ง์ ์ง์ ์ฐธ์ฌ์ ๊ด์ฐฐ๋ก ๊ตฌ์ฑ๋์ผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด 40๋ช
์ ์ฌ์ธต ํ์ง ์ธํฐ๋ทฐ๊ฐ ์งํ๋์ผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฏผ32๋ช
, ๊ด๊ณ์ 3๋ช
, ๊ด๊ด๊ฐ 5๋ช
๋ฑ์ด์๋ค. ์กฐ์ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ ๋ค์๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ ๋ ๊ฐ์ง ์ฃผ์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ก ๋ํ๋๋ค.
์ฒซ์งธ๋ก, ์ผ๋ฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ง๋ฐฉ ์ด๋ฏผ์ ์ง์ ๊ฐ์
, ๊ฐ์ ๊ฐ์
, ๋ถ๊ฐ์
์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ง ํํ๋ก ๊ด๊ด ํ๋์ ์ฐธ์ฌํ๊ณ ์๋ค. ๊ด๊ด์ด 20๋
๋์ ๋ฐ์ ํ์ง๋ง ์์ยท๊ตํต ๋ฑ ๊ด๊ด๊ฐ์ ์ํ ์๋น์ค๋ฅผ ์ง์ ์ ๊ณตํ๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ์ง์ ๊ฐ์
ํ๋ ์ด๋ฏผ๊ณผ ์ง์ญ ๊ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๊ทน์์์ ๋ถ๊ณผํ๋ค๋ ํ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๊ณ ์๋ค. ์ด๋ค ์ง์ ๊ด๋ จ๋ ๊ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ์ง์ญ ๊ด๊ด ์ฌ์
์ ํจ๊ป ๋ชจ์ ์๋ก ์ง์ํ๋๋ก ์ ๋ํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ค๋ฆฝ๋ ๊ณต๋์ฒด ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๊ด๊ด ํ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์ ์ผ์์ด๋ค. ๋น์ฃํ์ด์ ๋๋ค์์ ํ์ง์ธ๋ค๊ณผ ํ์ง ๊ฐ์ ๋ค์ ๊ด๊ด ํ๋์ ๊ฐ์ ์ ์ด๊ณ ๋ฌด๊ด์ฌํ๊ฒ ์ฐธ์ฌํ๋๋ฐ, ์ด๋ ๋น์ฃํ์ด์ ๊ด๊ด ๊ณ ์ฉ์ ๋ํ ๋ฎ์ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์ํ๋ค. ๊ฐ์กฑ ๋ฐ ์น์กฑ ๋คํธ์ํฌ(๋ด๋ถ ์์
๋คํธ์ํฌ์ ๊ด๋ จ) ํํ์ ์ง๋ฆฌ์ ํ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ(์ธ๋ถ ์์
๋คํธ์ํฌ ์ฐธ์กฐ)๊ณผ ์ฌํ์ ์๋ณธ์ ๊ฒฐํฉ(๋ด๋ถ ์์
๋คํธ์ํฌ์ ๊ด๋ จ๋จ)์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ ์ง์ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ ๋๋ค์๊ฐ ๊ด๊ด ํ๋์ ์ฐธ์ฌํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋ง๋ ๊ฒฐ์ ์ ์ธ ์์ธ์ด ๋ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ๋๋ค.
๋์งธ, ๊ด๊ด์ ์ง์ญ ๋ฐ์ ์ ์ฌ์ ์ , ๋น์ฌ๋ฌด์ ์ด์ต์ ๋ชจ๋ ์ ๊ณตํจ์ผ๋ก์จ ๋์ด์ ๋ณํ ๊ณผ์ ์์ ๋์ด์ ์ง์
, ๋์ด์ ์๋์ ๋ค์ํํ๋ ๊ด๊ด์ ์ญํ ์ ๋ถ๊ฐ์ํค๊ณ ์๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ๊ด๊ด๊ฐ๋ฐ์ ํํ์ ์ง์ญ ๋ง์ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋ค ์ฌ์ด์ ํ์ฐํ ๋ถํฌ๋์ด ์์ด ๋ง์ ๋ด ๊ฐ ์ง๋จ ๊ฐ์ ์ํ์์ค์ ๋ถ๊ท ํ์ด ์ด๋๋๊ณ ์๋ค. ๋๋ถ๋ถ์ ํํ์ ํ์คํ
์ด (homestay), ๋ ์คํ ๋, ๊ตํต ์๋น์ค ๋ฑ ์์ฒด ์ฌ์
์ ์ด์ํด ๊ด๊ด ํ๋์ ์ง์ ์ฐธ์ฌํ๋ ๊ฐ์กฑ๋ค์๊ฒ ๋์๊ฐ๋ค. ํํธ ๊ด๊ด ํ๋์ ํ์ง ์๊ฑฐ๋ ๊ฐ์ ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ด๊ด์ ์ฐธ์ฌํ์ง ์๋ ์ง์ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋ค์ ์ง์ํ ์ ์๋ ์์
์, ์ ์ถ ๋ถ์กฑ, ์ง๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ ๋ฑ์ผ๋ก ์ธํด ๋ ๋ง์ ์ทจ์ฝ์ฑ์ ๊ฒฝํํ๊ฒ ๋๋ค. ์ด๋ฌํ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ ๋น์ฃํ์ด์ ๋ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ๋ฐ๋์๊ตญ๋ค์ ๋์ด ์ง์ญ์์์ ํฌ๊ด์ ๋ฐ์ ์ ๋ํ ์ฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ๋ถ๋ฌ์ผ์ผํจ๋ค.
ํค์๋: ๋์ด ๊ด๊ด, ์ง๋ฐฉ ๊ฐ๋ฐ, ๋์ด ๋ณํ, ์ปค๋ฎค๋ํฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๊ด๊ด(CBT), ์ง๋ฆฌ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ, ๊ฒฐ์์ ์ฌํ์๋ณธ, ์น์กฑ(์น์ฒ)Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1. Research background, research objectives, and research questions 1
1.2. Research methods 7
1.3. Organization of thesis 11
Chapter 2 Rural development and tourism relationship 13
2.1. The linkage between tourism and rural development 13
2.2. Explanatory variables: geographical acting space (GAS) and bonding social capital under the form of family and kinship network 28
2.3. Analytical framework 34
Chapter 3 Case study introduction 36
3.1. Rural and tourism in Vietnam 36
3.2. Viet Hai commune, Hai Phong city 46
Chapter 4 Local involvement in tourism employment in Viet Hai 59
4.1. Village engagement in tourism employment 59
4.2. Geographical acting space (GAS); family and kinship networks 67
Chapter 5 Contribution of tourism to local, rural development 89
5.1. Community based tourism, effective or not? 90
5.2. Economic contribution 94
5.3. Non-economic contribution 103
5.4. Disparities in living standard 105
Chapter 6 Conclusion and discussion 112
6.1. Key findings, contribution and policy recommendations of the study 112
6.2. Further discussions and future research 116
Bibliography 122
Abstract in Korean 146
Acknowledgements 148
Appendixes 149Maste
Identifying the Need for Self-Management Education in Adult Patients with Type-2 Diabetes in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
The purpose of this thesis project was to identify the need for self-management through investigating the existing knowledge about diabetes self-care and their perception of diabetic control in adult patients with type-2 diabetes Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The 16-Item Diabetes Self Management Questionnaire (Schmitt et al., 2013) and a cross-sectional design was used in this study to explore the diabetes self management related to four subscales such as glucose management, dietary control, physical activity, health-care use and a sum scale as the perception of diabetic control among fifty five participants who were diagnosed with type-2 diabetes in Tan Phu District Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City. The study found that the age of the participants ranged from 40 to 83 years old, and the average age was 62 years old with more female (65.5%) than male (34.5%). They all had formal schooling at least elementary level, and 27.4% had higher education level (university or higher). The majority of them were retired (65.5%). The participants were all diagnosed with type-2 diabetes and their diabetes duration ranged from 1 to 30 years. The findings showed that respondentsโ knowledge about diabetes self- management seemed overall to be sufficient since the mode of each item showed that they positively understood and applied the facts which were appropriate for their diabetes self-care activities. Then, the last item included as an overall sum scale varied by the demographic characteristics to generally explore participantsโ perception of diabetic control. In general, the findings showed that most of the participants agreed that their diabetes self care was not poor (34.5% male never believed that their diabetes self-care was poor, and the rest of 65.5% female rarely believed that their diabetes self-care was poor). In conclusion, this study suggests that health professionals in Vietnam should use reliable and valid tools, such as this questionnaire from Schmitt et al. (2013), to have better understanding about patientโs self-care. Health professionals can use this information to provide diabetic patients with a suitable health education program. In addition, more research related to diabetes self-care needs to be conducted to provide more evidence-based information to support patients with diabetes in Vietnam
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