ECONOMIC IMPACT OF INTRODUCING ROTATIONS ON LONG ISLAND POTATO FARMS

Potatoes have been grown continuously on many Long Island (New York) fields. Environmental concerns have raised questions about the continued usage of this practice. A farm-level linear programming model was used to investigate the economic impacts of crop rotations which result in reduced potato acreage. Crop rotations (an Integrated Pest Management tactic) reduced total pesticide use, but also reduced returns above variable costs as successively stringent rotation requirements were forced into the solution. The crop rotations which caused the least effect on income were identified.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

2001 State Policies on Assessment Participation and Accommodations (NCEO Synthesis Report)

A report examining assessment and accommodations policies and practices in relation to students with disabilities.The Center is supported through a Cooperative Agreement (#H326G000001) with the Research to Practice Division, Office of Special Education Programs, U.S. Department of Education. Opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the U.S. Department of Education or Offices within it

Regular Consumption of a Flavanol-rich Chocolate can Improve Oxidant Stress in Young Soccer Players

The consumption of a diet rich in certain flavonoids, including the flavanol sub-class, has been associated with a reduced risk for vascular disease. We evaluated the effects of the regular consumption (14 d) of a flavanol-containing milk chocolate (FCMC) or cocoa butter chocolate (CBC) on variables related to vascular disease risk, oxidative stress and physical activity. Twenty-eight free-living, young (18–20 years old) male soccer players consumed daily 105 g of FCMC (168 mg of flavanols) or CBC (<5 mg of flavanols), as part of their normal diet. The consumption of FCMC was significantly associated with a decrease in diastolic blood pressure (-5 mm Hg), mean blood pressure (-5 mm Hg), plasma cholesterol (-11%), LDL-cholesterol (-15%), malondialdehyde (-12%), urate (-11%) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (-11%), and an increase in vitamin E/cholesterol (+12%). No relevant changes in these variables were associated with CBC consumption. No changes in the plasma levels of (-)-epicatechin were observed following analysis of fasting blood samples. In conclusion, FCMC consumption was associated with changes in several variables often associated with cardiovascular health and oxidant stress. The presence of significant quantities of flavanols in FCMC is likely to have been one of the contributing factors to these results

Discovering sequences with potential regulatory characteristics

AbstractWe developed a computational model to explore the hypothesis that regulatory instructions are context dependent and conveyed through specific ‘codes’ in human genomic DNA. We provide examples of correlation of computational predictions to reported mapped DNase I hypersensitive segments in the HOXA locus in human chromosome 7. The examples show that statistically significant 9-mers from promoter regions may occur in sequences near and upstream of transcription initiation sites, in intronic regions, and within intergenic regions. Additionally, a subset of 9-mers from coding sequences appears frequently, as clusters, in regulatory regions dispersed in noncoding regions in genomic DNA. The results suggest that the computational model has the potential of decoding regulatory instructions to discover candidate transcription factor binding sites and to discover candidate epigenetic signals that appear in both coding and regulatory regions of genes

A framework for considering the utility of models when facing tough decisions in public health: a guideline for policy-makers

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought the combined disciplines of public health, infectious disease and policy modelling squarely into the spotlight. Never before have decisions regarding public health measures and their impacts been such a topic of international deliberation, from the level of individuals and communities through to global leaders. Nor have models-developed at rapid pace and often in the absence of complete information-ever been so central to the decision-making process. However, after nearly 3 years of experience with modelling, policy-makers need to be more confident about which models will be most helpful to support them when taking public health decisions, and modellers need to better understand the factors that will lead to successful model adoption and utilization. We present a three-stage framework for achieving these ends

of Education or Offices within it. NCEO Core Staff

assessment: Results of a comparative study (Technical Report 64). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota, National Center on Educationa

The Economic Potential of Crop Rotations in Long Island Potato Production

A.E. Res. 83-2

Considerations When Including Students with Disabilities in Test Security Policies (NCEO Policy Direction)

A report concluding that assessments better measure what students know and can do when states and consortia thoughtfully consider how to balance test security and accessibility. Many states are concerned that their test security policies may not adequately address accommodated tests, alternate assessments, and other related issues. For example, a survey conducted by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (2013) found that 45 states believed that their state test was vulnerable to cheating when testing students in need of accommodations. Test security policies and procedures need to address test administration procedures, accommodations, and other issues related to students with disabilities to help ensure the integrity and validity of a test. A fundamental consideration when evaluating the validity of an assessment is the "fairness" of the test.The Center is supported through a Cooperative Agreement (#H326G110002) with the Research to Practice Division, Office of Special Education Programs, U.S. Department of Education. The contents of this Policy Directions do not necessarily represent the policy or opinions of the U.S. Department of Education or Offices within it. Readers should not assume endorsement by the federal government