COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFICACY OF STEM CELLS IN CORNEAL REGENERATION IN A CHEMICAL BURN IN RABBITS

Objectives: This study compares the efficacy of stem cell transplantation in corneal regeneration and restoration of the limbic deficit in an experimental chemical burn in rabbits. Methods: Biopsy was performed of the limbus and the chemical burns for all rabbits, and we collected the amniotic membranes from a pregnant female rabbit. We kept a control group without transplantation, to study spontaneous and natural healing, and we transplanted the stem cells produced in vitro under the corneal epithelium burned. To compare the result, we tested a group for amniotic stem cell transplantation, a group for limbal stem cell graft, and another group for combined transplantation of both types of stem cells. Results: Transplanted rabbits develop permanent unilateral blindness due to a severe limbic deficit. The group receiving only amniotic stem cells shows temporary anatomical improvement without functional recovery. The two groups receiving limbal stem cells alone or combined with amniotic stem cells showed anatomical and functional satisfaction with quick recovery time for the combined transplantation. Conclusions: A simple chemical burn can establish permanent blindness. When the limbic deficit is important, spontaneous healing is not available. Transplantation of stem cell transplant is the only way to repair this deficit and regenerate the cornea. Only limbic stem cells can be sufficient. Amniotic stem cells can support and speed up the healing time when it combined to limbal stem cells graft.               Peer Review History: Received 23 July 2020; Revised 14 August; Accepted 28 August, Available online 15 September 2020 Academic Editor: Essam Mohamed Eissa, Beni-Suef University, Egypt, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Mohamed Amin El-Emam, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria (PUA), Alexandria, Egypt, [email protected] Francesco Ferrara,USL Umbria 1, Perugia, Italy, [email protected] Maged Almezgagi, Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qinghai University, Qinghai Xining 810001, China, [email protected] Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, University of Basrah, Iraq, [email protected]

Undiagnosed Phenylketonuria Can Exist Everywhere:Results From an International Survey

Many countries do not have a newborn screening (NBS) program, and immigrants from such countries are at risk for late diagnosis of phenylketonuria (PKU). In this international survey, 52 of 259 patients (20%) with late diagnosed PKU were immigrants, and 145 of the 259 (55%) were born before NBS or in a location without NBS

An autosomal recessive leucoencephalopathy with ischemic stroke, dysmorphic syndrome and retinitis pigmentosa maps to chromosome 17q24.2-25.3

Background Single-gene disorders related to ischemic stroke seem to be an important cause of stroke in young patients without known risk factors. To identify new genes responsible of such diseases, we studied a consanguineous Moroccan family with three affected individuals displaying hereditary leucoencephalopathy with ischemic stroke, dysmorphic syndrome and retinitis pigmentosa that appears to segregate in autosomal recessive pattern. Methods All family members underwent neurological and radiological examinations. A genome wide search was conducted in this family using the ABI PRISM linkage mapping set version 2.5 from Applied Biosystems. Six candidate genes within the region linked to the disease were screened for mutations by direct sequencing. Results Evidence of linkage was obtained on chromosome 17q24.2-25.3. Analysis of recombination events and LOD score calculation suggests linkage of the responsible gene in a genetic interval of 11 Mb located between D17S789 and D17S1806 with a maximal multipoint LOD score of 2.90. Sequencing of seven candidate genes in this locus, ATP5H, FDXR, SLC25A19, MCT8, CYGB, KCNJ16 and GRIN2C, identified three missense mutations in the FDXR gene which were also found in a homozygous state in three healthy controls, suggesting that these variants are not disease-causing mutations in the family. Conclusion A novel locus for leucoencephalopathy with ischemic stroke, dysmorphic syndrome and retinitis pigmentosa has been mapped to chromosome 17q24.2-25.3 in a consanguineous Moroccan family

[Oculo-cerebro-renal Lowe syndrome: clinical, biochemical and molecular studies in a Moroccan patient]

International audienceThe oculo-cerebro-renal syndrome of Lowe is a rare X-linked disorder, caused by the inositol biphosphate 5-phosphatase deficiency, localized to the Golgi complex. Several mutations were reported in patient's OCRL gene leading to enzyme deficiency. We report a Moroccan case of OCRL syndrome of Lowe with a neo mutation in exon 10. The patient aged of 19 months was referred to our medical centre because of a psychomotor retardation. He had a medical history of eye abnormalities including cataract and bilateral glaucoma, diagnosed when he was 5 weeks old. Cataract has been treated after chirurgical therapy but ocular hypertonia persisted. Physical examination revealed an axial hypotonia and walking difficulties. Laboratory tests revealed a moderate acidosis (20 mmol/L), a slight decrease of serum phosphate level (24 mg/L) and an increased serum phosphatase activity. Further studies showed mild proteinuria, urinary bicarbonates loosing and generalised hyperaminoaciduria. Based on both clinical and biological data, Lowe syndrome has been suggested. In this context, molecular investigation has been performed using dHPLC/sequencing techniques which allow identifying an original mutation c.776T>C (p.Phe259Ser), localized on the exon 10 of the OCRL gene. The mutation was not found in the probant's mother suggesting a neo mutation. Lowe syndrome is a rare hereditary X-linked disorder resulting from a variety of heterogeneous mutations of OCRL gene. Indeed, numerous mutations have been reported, variations were noted concerning their localization as well as their type. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the neo mutation c.776T>C of OCRL gene and the first published case report of the Lowe syndrome in a Moroccan patient

Phytoactifs used in anticancer therapy: a review

International audienceMedicinal plants continue to generate interest in pharmacological research and development of new anticancer agent. Approximately 64% of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy are from plants materials with different modes of action. This study proposes to list the natural compounds having the capacity to inhibit or reduce the development of cancer in order to identify their mechanisms of action and mode of signalization involved in the process of carcinogenesis, vinblastine, vincristine, topotecan, irinotecan, etoposide, taxol and paclitaxel are drugs derived from natural resources used in the treatment of a wide variety of cancers. Data on safety and efficacy are available for an even few number of plants

Cytotoxic activity, acute and sub-acute toxicity of methanolic root extract of Corrigiola telephiifolia pourr

International audienc

In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant and Anti-Hyperglycemic Activities of Moroccan Oat Cultivars

Improvement of oat lines via introgression is an important process for food biochemical functionality. This work aims to evaluate the protective effect of phenolic compounds from hybrid Oat line (F11-5) and its parent (Amlal) on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and to establish the possible mechanisms of antidiabetic activity by digestive enzyme inhibition. Eight phenolic acids were quantified in our samples including ferulic, p-hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, salicylic, syringic, sinapic, p-coumaric and chlorogenic acids. The Oat extract (2000 mg/kg) ameliorated the glucose tolerance, decreased Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) and oxidative stress markers, including Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat liver and kidney. Furthermore, Metformin and Oat intake prevented anxiety, hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in diabetic rats. In vivo anti-hyperglycemic effect of Oat extracts has been confirmed by their inhibitory activities on α-amylase (723.91 μg/mL and 1027.14 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (1548.12 μg/mL & 1803.52 μg/mL) enzymes by mean of a mixed inhibition