Study of the Influence of Humic Acid Macromolecules on the Structure of Erythrocytes of Some Animals by the Method of Absorption

Erythrocyte absorption spectra were obtained from fresh chicken, goose, and guinea pig blood in solutions with humic acids, isolated from brown coal, to study interactions between erythrocytes and humic acids (HA). It has been established that the addition of HA to erythrocytes leads to the differently directed shifts of Soret band maxima in the erythrocyte absorption spectrum. Thus, for a solution [guinea pig erythrocyte (1.5 × 1012 particle/l) + HA №1], this difference was Δλ = +3.3 nm (shortwave shift); for a solution [chicken erythrocyte (2 × 1012 particle/l) + HA №1], Δλ = −1.5 nm (longwave shift); and for a solution [goose erythrocyte (6 × 1011 particle/l) + HA №1], Δλ = +4.3 nm (shortwave shift). A comparison of the absorption spectra of guinea pig oxyhemoglobin with 2 HA samples indicates that at any erythrocyte concentrations, the positions of the Soret band maxima for various HA samples differ. The data obtained testify to the individual character of the interaction between erythrocyte membranes and HA macromolecules. Two hypotheses were proposed to account for the results obtained. (1) “Structural hypothesis.” In the framework of this hypothesis, the molecules of membrane-bound oxyhemoglobin are in erythrocyte volume and can undergo noticeable, structural changes due to the deformation of erythrocyte membrane. (2) “Complexing hypothesis.” In terms of this hypothesis, the observed shifts of the position of the Soret band maxima can be explained by the possible penetration of light HA fragments through erythrocyte membrane into the inner erythrocyte region. This can cause the formation of complexes (oxyhemoglobin-HA). In this case, the complex formation can involve both the free oxyhemoglobin molecules (HbO2) and the membrane-bound ones

Использование возможностей Интернета специалистами библиотек и вузов культуры в научных целях

There are presented the results of express-survey of experts in the field of library science, bibliography science, bibliology and computer science, conducted to determine in what directions they use Internet technologies for scientific communication. There are obtained the following main conclusions: the use of all possibilities of Internet does not depend on the age or ability (or inability) to work with new communication technologies and resources, but does depend on scientific and economic feasibility, the availability of this or that technology or the required resource in a convenient form for work.Представлены результаты экспресс-анкетирования специалистов в области библиотековедения, библиографоведения, книговедения и информатики, проведенного с целью определения направлений использования ими интернет-технологий для научных коммуникаций. Получены следующие основные выводы: использование всех возможностей Интернета зависит скорее не от возраста или умения (или неумения) работать с новыми коммуникационными технологиями и ресурсами, а от научной и экономической целесообразности, наличия той или иной технологии, нужного ресурса в удобной для работы форме

The smallest Mealy automaton of intermediate growth

In this paper we study the smallest Mealy automaton of intermediate growth, first considered by the last two authors. We describe the automatic transformation monoid it defines, give a formula for the generating series for its (ball volume) growth function, and give sharp asymptotics for its growth function, namely [ F(n) \sim 2^{5/2} 3^{3/4} \pi^{-2} n^{1/4} \exp{\pi\sqrt{n/6}} ] with the ratios of left- to right-hand side tending to 1 as $n \to \infty$

Single beam interferometric angle measurement

We present an application of a quadrature phase interferometer to the measurement of the angular position of a parallel laser beam with interferometric precision. In our experimental realization we reach a resolution of 6.8e-10 rad (1.4e-4 arcsec) for 1 kHz bandwidth in a 2e-2 rad (1 deg) range. This alternative to the optical lever technique features absolute calibration, independence of the sensitivity on the thermal drifts, and wide range of measurement at full accuracy

Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of Rammed Earth Stabilized with Five Biopolymers

This study aims to check the compatibility of a selection of waste and recycled biopolymers for rammed earth applications in order to replace the more common cement-based stabilization. Five formulations of stabilized rammed earth were prepared with different biopolymers: lignin sulfonate, tannin, sheep wool fibers, citrus pomace and grape-seed flour. The microstructure of the different formulations was characterized by investigating the interactions between earth and stabilizers through mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), nitrogen soprtion isotherm, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) was also evaluated for all stabilized specimens. Three out of five biopolymers were considered suitable as rammed earth stabilizers. The use of wool increased the UCS by 6%, probably thanks to the combined effect of the length of the fibers and the roughness of their surfaces, which gives a contribution in binding clay particles higher than citrus and grape-seed flour. Lignin sulfonate and tannin increased the UCS by 38% and 13%, respectively, suggesting the additives’ ability to fill pores, coat soil grains and form aggregates; this capability is confirmed by the reduction in the specific surface area and the pore volume in the nano-and micropore zones

Государственная публичная научно-техническая библиотека Сибирского отделения РАН: первые 100 лет

The article describes the history of the State Public Scientific and Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPSTL SB RAS) — firstly the State Scientific Library (SSL), established in 1918 in Moscow and transformed into SPSTL SB RAS in 1958. The authors present the stages of its development and main achievements. The library developed its collections, publishing and educational activities, created the network of its branches practically in all industrial regions of the country. During the Great Patriotic war, the Library based its work on the priority satisfaction of the defence information needs. Despite the loss of holdings on the occupied territory, it developed the network of branches, setting the task of bibliographic service for the defence industry.In 1946, given general scientific importance of the Library, it was transferred to the USSR Ministry of Higher Education. The new status of the Library has forced to expand significantly its acquisition to technical literature, publications on natural science, social science and humanities. In 1958, the Library was transferred to Novosibirsk. Its main task became information support of scientific research; it developed its forms and methods, generated its own resources and actively engaged in the automation and informatization of library and information processes. Here the Library began to develop library science, bibliography, book science and applied informatics. In fact, the communication between the user and the library, the librarian and the information resource moves exclusively into the electronic environment. Over 60 years of activity in Siberia, the Library has become a unique scientific and cultural Siberian phenomenon, combining the features of the universal public library, the centre for scientific and technical information and the unified centre for automation of library and information processes of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.Статья посвящена истории ГПНТБ СО РАН — сначала Государственной научной библиотеки (ГНБ), созданной в 1918 г. в Москве, а в 1958 г. преобразованной в Государственную публичную научно-техническую библиотеку Сибирского отделения (ГПНТБ СО) АН СССР. Показаны этапы ее развития, основные достижения. Библиотека развивала свой фонд, издательскую и образовательную деятельность, создала сеть филиалов практически во всех индустриальных областях страны. Учитывая общенаучное значение библиотеки, в 1946 г. ее передали в ведение Министерства высшего образования СССР. Новый статус библиотеки заставил существенно расширить ее комплектование, ликвидировать прежний «крен» в собирание только технической литературы. Шире стали комплектоваться издания естественно-научной тематики, обществоведческого и гуманитарного профиля.В 1958 г. библиотека была переведена в Новосибирск. Главной задачей ГПНТБ СО АН СССР становится информационное сопровождение научных исследований. Библиотека совершенствует формы и методы работы, генерирует собственные ресурсы, активно занимается автоматизацией и информатизацией библиотечно-информационных процессов; развиваются библиотековедение, библиографоведение, книговедение, прикладная информатика. В информационном обеспечении научных исследований на базе компьютерных технологий решено много задач, но необходима и модернизация — требуется системная реализация всех основных направлений информационной деятельности на базе новейших информационно-коммуникационных технологий. Фактически коммуникация между пользователем и библиотекой (библиотекарем и информационным ресурсом) переходит исключительно в электронную среду. За 60 лет деятельности в Сибири библиотека стала уникальным научным и культурным сибирским явлением, сочетая в себе черты универсальной публичной библиотеки, центра научно-технической информации и единого центра автоматизации библиотечно-информационных процессов СО РАН