Host Resistance, Genomics and Population Dynamics in a Salmonella Enteritidis and Phage System

Bacteriophages represent an alternative solution to control bacterial infections. When interacting, bacteria and phage can evolve, and this relationship is described as antagonistic coevolution, a pattern that does not fit all models. In this work, the model consisted of a microcosm of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and φSan23 phage. Samples were taken for 12 days every 48 h. Bacteria and phage samples were collected; and isolated bacteria from each time point were challenged against phages from previous, contemporary, and subsequent time points. The phage plaque tests, with the genomics analyses, showed a mutational asymmetry dynamic in favor of the bacteria instead of antagonistic coevolution. This is important for future phage-therapy applications, so we decided to explore the population dynamics of Salmonella under different conditions: pressure of one phage, a combination of phages, and phages plus an antibiotic. The data from cultures with single and multiple phages, and antibiotics, were used to create a mathematical model exploring population and resistance dynamics of Salmonella under these treatments, suggesting a nonlethal, growth-inhibiting antibiotic may decrease resistance to phage-therapy cocktails. These data provide a deep insight into bacterial dynamics under different conditions and serve as additional criteria to select phages and antibiotics for phage-therapy

Caracterização taxonômica e funcional de organismos e enzimas de interesse biotecnológico em ambientes de mineração

Exportado OPUSMade available in DSpace on 2019-08-13T20:41:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_laura_rabelo_leite.pdf: 3651416 bytes, checksum: f35db8bb29946ec82dee65e5676d5bdc (MD5) Previous issue date: 16Ambientes contaminados com metais pesados apresentam uma comunidade extremamente complexa e bem adaptada. Esses microorganismos possuem enzimas com diversas aplicações biotecnológicas, como a biolixiviação e a biorremediação, além de desempenharem um papel essencial nos ciclos biogeoquímicos. Nesse contexto, a metagenômica permite avaliar o potencial genético de microorganismos cultiváveis e não cultiváveis. Aqui, os sequenciamentos shotgun e amplicon (16S rDNA) foram utilizados a fim de explorar a diversidade metabólica e funcional dos procariotos presentes em dois ambientes de mineração: uma barragem de rejeitos e uma drenagem ácida de mina. Foram analisadas amostras de água e sedimento nas estações seca (outubro de 2012, julho de 2014) e chuvosa (abril de 2013). O sedimento da barragem de rejeitos e a drenagem ácida de mina foram caracterizados como ambientes mais diversos quando comparados à água da barragem de rejeitos. Todavia, a distribuição de espécies de ambos os grupos se aproximam ao mesmo modelo de sucessão ecológica, no qual o estabelecimento das espécies depende de condições ambientais prévias. A anotação taxonômica das amostras de água da barragem de rejeitos apresentou predominância de sequências dos filos Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria e Cyanobacteria. A drenagem ácida de mina e o sedimento da barragem de rejeitos revelaram maior porcentagem de sequências relacionadas aos filos Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Acidobacteria e Planctomycetes. A análise funcional desses ambientes destacou a importância de vias metabólicas relacionadas a fixação de carbono, metabolismo de nitrogênio, oxidação de ferro ferroso e metabolismo de enxofre. Além disso, foram identificados diversos mecanismos adaptativos ligados à resistência a metais pesados, tolerância a solventes orgânicos, adaptação ao baixo pH e à oligotrofia. No presente estudo estabeleceu-se um novo fluxo de trabalho para análise de bibliotecas metagenômicas do tipo shotgun, que foi aplicado na construção de um catálogo inédito do potencial biotecnológico dos microorganismos associados a minas brasileiras de cobre, incluindo genes e rotas metabólicas de interesse industrial e ambiental.Environments contaminated with heavy metals contain an extremely complex and well adapted community. These microorganisms have enzymes with several biotechnological applications, such as bioremediation and bioleaching, and play an essential role in the biogeochemical cycles. In this context, metagenomics allows to evaluate the genetic potential of cultivable and non-cultivable microorganisms. Here, shotgun and amplicon sequencing (16S rDNA) were used to explore the metabolic and functional diversity of prokaryotes present in two mining environments: a tailings dam and an acid mine drainage. We analyzed water and sediment samples, in the dry (October 2012, July 2014) and wet (April 2013) seasons. The tailings dam sediment and acid mine drainage sediment were characterized as more diverse environments when compared to the tailings dam water. However, the species distribution analysis using ecologic succession models demonstrated that in both groups the species establishment depends on previous environmental conditions. The taxonomic annotation in tailings dam water presented predominance of sequences of the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria. Acid mine drainage and tailings dam sediment showed higher proportion of sequences related to the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes. Functional analysis of these environments highlighted the importance of metabolic pathways related to carbon fixation, nitrogen metabolism, ferrous iron oxidation and sulfur metabolism. In addition, were identified several adaptive mechanisms linked to resistance to heavy metals, tolerance to organic solvents, low pH adaptation and oligotrophy. The present study established a new workflow for metagenomic analysis of shotgun libraries, which was used to build an unprecedented catalog of the biotechnological potential of microorganisms in brazilian copper mines, including genes and metabolic pathways with industrial and environmental interest

Draft genome of Nocardia farcinica TRH1, a linear and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from the coast of Trindade Island, Brazil

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2018-06-27T15:02:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Draft genome of Nocardia farcinica.pdf: 246979 bytes, checksum: 8fe0c178ce3ea38e1e3a837402da730d (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2018-06-27T15:05:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Draft genome of Nocardia farcinica.pdf: 246979 bytes, checksum: 8fe0c178ce3ea38e1e3a837402da730d (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-27T15:05:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Draft genome of Nocardia farcinica.pdf: 246979 bytes, checksum: 8fe0c178ce3ea38e1e3a837402da730d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Departamento de Microbiologia. Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade para o Meio Ambiente. Viçosa, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Núcleo de Análise de Biomoléculas. Viçosa, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto René Rachou. Grupo de Biologia Computacional e Genônica. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto René Rachou. Grupo de Biologia Computacional e Genônica. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto René Rachou. Grupo de Biologia Computacional e Genônica. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Pampa. São Gabriel, RS, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Departamento de Microbiologia. Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade para o Meio Ambiente. Viçosa, MG, Brazil.Here, we report the draft genome sequence and annotation of Nocardia farcinica TRH1, a petroleum hydrocarbons degrading Actinobacteria isolated from the coastal water of Trindade Island, Brazil

Role of the IL-33/ST2 Activation Pathway in the Development of the Hepatic Fibrosis Induced by <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> Granulomas in Mice

Schistosoma mansoni eggs retained in host tissues induce innate cytokine release, contributing to the induction of Type-2 immune responses and granuloma formation, important to restrain cytotoxic antigens, but leading to fibrosis. Interleukin(IL)-33 participates in experimental models of inflammation and chemically induced fibrosis, but its role in S. mansoni-induced fibrosis is still unknown. To explore the role of the IL-33/suppressor of the tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) pathway, serum and liver cytokine levels, liver histopathology, and collagen deposition were comparatively evaluated in S. mansoni-infected wild-type (WT) and IL-33-receptor knockout (ST2−/−) BALB/c mice. Our data show similar egg counts and hydroxyproline in the livers of infected WT and ST2−/− mice; however, the extracellular matrix in ST2−/− granulomas was loose and disorganised. Pro-fibrotic cytokines, such as IL-13 and IL-17, and the tissue-repairing IL-22 were significantly lower in ST2−/− mice, especially in chronic schistosomiasis. ST2−/− mice also showed decreased α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in granuloma cells, in addition to reduced Col III and Col VI mRNA levels and reticular fibres. Therefore, IL-33/ST2 signalling is essential for tissue repairing and myofibroblast activation during S. mansoni infection. Its disruption results in inappropriate granuloma organisation, partly due to the reduced type III and VI collagen and reticular fibre formation

Nursing care for therapeutic bloodgery in the aging person: a scoping review protocol

Objective: to map in the literature the nursing care before, during and after therapeutic bleeding in the elderly Method: this review will be conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual using the PRISMA checklist guidelines Extension for Scoping Reviews, using the following databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, EMBASE, COCHRANE and, for the gray literature, the CAPES Theses and Dissertations Catalog and Google Scholar. After searching the studies, duplicates will be removed in EndNote manager and then exported to the Rayyan software where the titles and abstracts will be analyzed followed by peer and blind reading of the full text, and any disagreements will be discussed with a third reviewer. The extracted data will be presented by means of flowcharts, tables, charts, and narrative and descriptive discussion. The review will be registered in the Open Science Framework

Metagenome of a Microbial Community Inhabiting a Metal-Rich Tropical Stream Sediment.

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2016-01-28T12:46:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Metagenome of a Microbial Community Inhabiting a Metal-Rich Tropical Stream Sediment.pdf: 4222660 bytes, checksum: ef1ca00949c9dc5a12c9ccbd2705c4ba (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2016-01-28T12:50:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Metagenome of a Microbial Community Inhabiting a Metal-Rich Tropical Stream Sediment.pdf: 4222660 bytes, checksum: ef1ca00949c9dc5a12c9ccbd2705c4ba (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-28T12:50:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Metagenome of a Microbial Community Inhabiting a Metal-Rich Tropical Stream Sediment.pdf: 4222660 bytes, checksum: ef1ca00949c9dc5a12c9ccbd2705c4ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Biologia Geral. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Biologia Geral. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Biologia Geral. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Biologia Geral. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Biologia Geral. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Biologia Geral. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilHere, we describe the metagenome and functional composition of a microbial community in a historically metal-contaminated tropical freshwater stream sediment. The sediment was collected from the Mina Stream located in the Iron Quadrangle (Brazil), one of the world's largest mining regions. Environmental DNA was extracted and was sequenced using SOLiD technology, and a total of 7.9 Gbp was produced. A taxonomic profile that was obtained by comparison to the Greengenes database revealed a complex microbial community with a dominance of Proteobacteria and Parvarcheota. Contigs were recruited by bacterial and archaeal genomes, especially Candidatus Nitrospira defluvii and Nitrosopumilus maritimus, and their presence implicated them in the process of N cycling in the Mina Stream sediment (MSS). Functional reconstruction revealed a large, diverse set of genes for ammonium assimilation and ammonification. These processes have been implicated in the maintenance of the N cycle and the health of the sediment. SEED subsystems functional annotation unveiled a high degree of diversity of metal resistance genes, suggesting that the prokaryotic community is adapted to metal contamination. Furthermore, a high metabolic diversity was detected in the MSS, suggesting that the historical arsenic contamination is no longer affecting the prokaryotic community. These results expand the current knowledge of the microbial taxonomic and functional composition of tropical metal-contaminated freshwater sediments

Draft genome sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar gallinarum biovar pullorum strain FCAV198, a Brazilian chicken pathogen

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum is a bird-restricted pathogen which causes pullorum disease. The strain FCAV198 was isolated from a pool of chicken ovaries in Brazil, and its genome may be helpful for studies involving molecular mechanisms related to pathogenesis and other related applications