To Arms! Songs of the Great War

To Arms! Songs of the Great War by Laura E. Richards The Page Company, Boston, Mass., 1918. First Impression, December, 1917. The Colonial Press, C.H. Simonds Co., Boston, U.S.A.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/me_collection/1149/thumbnail.jp

A Valentine

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-me/1287/thumbnail.jp

Hail to the Chief: Former Law Clerks for William Rehnquist Recall What They Learned and How He Touched Their Lives

Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, who died Sept. 3, is remembered for his disarming warmth and humor, breadth of knowledge about the law, and insistence that there is life outside the office. Few knew him better than the legions of clerks who tolled with and learned from him. Indeed, the sheer number who attended his funeral testifies to how highly he was regarded. Here, four former clerks from the decades of the 1970s, \u2780s and \u2790s write about their own particular memories of the late chief justice

Hail to the Chief: Former Law Clerks for William Rehnquist Recall What They Learned and How He Touched Their Lives

Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist, who died Sept. 3, is remembered for his disarming warmth and humor, breadth of knowledge about the law, and insistence that there is life outside the office. Few knew him better than the legions of clerks who tolled with and learned from him. Indeed, the sheer number who attended his funeral testifies to how highly he was regarded. Here, four former clerks from the decades of the 1970s, \u2780s and \u2790s write about their own particular memories of the late chief justice

Beaten into Submissiveness? An Investigation into the Protective Strategies used by Survivors of Domestic Abuse

This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced pdf of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Interpersonal Violence following peer review. Laura Irving & Ben Chi-pun Liu, 'Beaten into Submissiveness? An investigation Into the Protective Strategies Used by Survivors of Domestic Abuse', Journal of Interpersonal Violence, first published online 14 December 2016, available online at doi: 10.1177/0886260516682520 © The Author(s) 2016 Published by SAGEThe aim of the study was to identify the prevalence and perceived helpfulness of a variety of protective strategies that were used by female survivors of domestic abuse and to explore factors that may have influenced strategy usage. Forty participants were recruited from a voluntary sector domestic abuse service, commissioned by an outer London local authority in the UK. The measurement tools used were the Intimate Partner Violence Strategies Index and the CAADA Domestic Abuse, Stalking and ‘Honour’-Based Violence (DASH) Risk Assessment Checklist. The average age was 33 (SD=7.9, range: 20-57), half reported to be of Asian ethnicity, 37.5% White and 12.5% Black or Mixed ethnicity. The average DASH score was 9.8 (SD=13.2, range: 0-18) and an average of 18 (SD=6.7, range: 1-29) protective strategies were utilised by each participant. All of the most commonly used strategies were from the Placating category. Though Safety Planning strategies were rated as the most helpful by all participants, Placating strategies were also rated as helpful by two-thirds of participants. Stepwise multiple regression showed that Placating was the only significant predictor of DASH score (β=0.375, p<0.05) and accounted for 14% of the variance of DASH score. Findings showed that women utilized a diverse range of protective strategies with placating strategies being most intensely used and rated as helpful. However, placating strategy usage could be a risk factor as opposed to a protective factor. This study has also demonstrated that greater placating strategies were used by White than South Asian women, and women who were employed used more formal strategies. This research has extended the knowledge base of protective strategies that professionals can draw from to underpin decisions and interventions when working with domestic abuse survivors.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Use of lithium tracers to quantify drilling fluid contamination for groundwater monitoring in Southeast Asia

Drilling is widely used in groundwater monitoring and many other applications but has the inherent problem of introducing some degree of external contamination into the natural systems being monitored. Contamination from drilling fluid is particularly problematic for (i) wells with relatively low water flow rates which are difficult to flush; and for (ii) hydrogeochemical research studies of groundwaters hosted by incompletely consolidated shallow sediments, which are widely utilized as sources of drinking water and irrigation water across many parts of Asia. Here, we develop and evaluate a method that can be simply used to quantify the extent of drilling fluid contribution to a water sample either to optimize sample collection for reduced contamination, or to allow a correction for contamination to be made. We report the utility of lithium chloride tracers using both field and laboratory analytical techniques to quantitatively evaluate and correct for drilling fluid contamination of casing waters through an investigation of 15 sites in Kandal Province, Cambodia. High analytical errors limit the practicality and resolution of field-based lithium ion selective electrode measurements for purposes other than broad estimates of gross contamination. However, when laboratory analysis is integrated with the method (e.g. via inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry analysis), lithium tracers can provide a robust and accurate method for evaluating drilling-related contamination if appropriate samples are collected. Casing water is susceptible to contamination from drilling fluid which was shown to be significantly reduced within two to three well volumes of flushing but can still persist above background for greater than seven well volumes of flushing. A waiting period after drilling and prior to water sampling was shown to further decrease contamination due to dilution from the surrounding aquifer, particularly in more permeable wells. Contamination values were generally <3% for 34 monitoring wells across 15 sites after flushing a mean of 4.6 ± 3.8 well volumes, even when lithium-spiked water was directly injected during flushing to remove settled mud/debris. Operational issues can be encountered which can (i) lead to contamination being much higher than the mean if wells are highly unproductive and clay-dominated or (ii) lead to higher flushing volumes than the mean particularly in sandy areas where fine sand may enter the well screening. General correction factors have been provided for typical monitoring wells in poorly consolidated shallow aquifers in Southeast Asia, and examples provided for how to correct other groundwater data for contamination. For most analytes such as sodium or dissolved organic carbon (DOC), specific corrections may not be necessary for the typical magnitude of contamination encountered, particularly when the differences in concentrations between the drilling fluid and groundwater are relatively small. In the particular circumstance where drilling fluid may have much higher DOC than groundwaters, or vice versa with drilling fluid having much lower DOC than groundwaters in organic-rich alluvial sediments, corrections may still be necessary and significant. Similarly, for highly sensitive parameters such as 14C model age or other age-related parameters (such as tritium, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) or sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)), corrections can be significant in typical field scenarios particularly when contamination values are high and/or there is a large difference in age between groundwater and drilling fluid. The lithium method was verified with comparison to changes in concentration of a suite of representative and naturally occurring groundwater constituents as a function of well flushing from relatively low and high permeability groundwater monitoring wells to further illustrate the technique

Multivalent antimicrobial polymer nanoparticles target mycobacteria and gram-negative bacteria by distinct mechanisms

Due to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance to traditional small molecule drugs, cationic antimicrobial polymers are appealing targets. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a particular problem, with multi- and total drug resistance spreading and more than a billion latent infections globally. This study reports nanoparticles bearing variable densities of poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and the unexpected and distinct mechanisms of action this multivalent presentation imparts against Escherichia coli verses Mycobacterium smegmatis (model of M. tuberculosis), leading to killing or growth inhibition respectively. A convergent ‘grafting to’ synthetic strategy was used to assemble a 50-member nanoparticle library and using a high- throughput screen identified that only the smallest (2 nm) particles were stable in both saline and complex cell media. Compared to the linear polymers, the nanoparticles displayed 2- and 8-fold enhancements in antimicrobial activity against M. smegmatis and E. coli respectively. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the antimicrobial particles were bactericidal against E. coli, due to rapid disruption of the cell membranes. Conversely, against M. smegmatis the particles did not lyse the cell membrane but rather had a bacteriostatic effect. These results demonstrate that to develop new polymeric anti-tuberculars the widely assumed, broad spectrum, membrane-disrupting mechanism of polycations must be re-evaluated. It is clear that synthetic nanomaterials can engage in more complex interactions with mycobacteria, which we hypothesise is due to the unique cell envelope at the surface of these bacteria

EJVES vol 34, issue 2 (August 2007) - Spanish Translated Abstracts

Chronic exposure to arsenic (As) through the consumption of contaminated groundwaters is a major threat to public health in South and Southeast Asia. The source of As-affected groundwaters is important to the fundamental understanding of the controls on As mobilization and subsequent transport throughout shallow aquifers. Using the stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen, the source of groundwater and the interactions between various water bodies were investigated in Cambodia’s Kandal Province, an area which is heavily affected by As and typical of many circum-Himalayan shallow aquifers. Two-point mixing models based on δD and δ18O allowed the relative extent of evaporation of groundwater sources to be estimated and allowed various water bodies to be broadly distinguished within the aquifer system. Model limitations are discussed, including the spatial and temporal variation in end member compositions. The conservative tracer Cl/Br is used to further discriminate between groundwater bodies. The stable isotopic signatures of groundwaters containing high As and/or high dissolved organic carbon plot both near the local meteoric water line and near more evaporative lines. The varying degrees of evaporation of high As groundwater sources are indicative of differing recharge contributions (and thus indirectly inferred associated organic matter contributions). The presence of high As groundwaters with recharge derived from both local precipitation and relatively evaporated surface water sources, such as ponds or flooded wetlands, are consistent with (but do not provide direct evidence for) models of a potential dual role of surface-derived and sedimentary organic matter in As mobilization

Alteration of Retinal Rod Outer Segment Membrane Fluidity in a Rat Model of Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is caused by an inherited defect in the last step in cholesterol (Chol) biosynthesis, leading to abnormal accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol and decreased Chol levels. Progressive retinal degeneration occurs in an animal model of SLOS, induced by treating rats with AY9944, a selective inhibitor of the enzyme affected in SLOS. Here we evaluated alterations in the biochemical and physical properties of retinal rod outer segment (ROS) membranes in this animal model. At 1 month of AY9944 treatment, there were modest alterations in fatty acid composition, but no significant differences in cis-parinaric acid (cPA) spectroscopic parameters in ROS membranes from treated versus control rats. However, at 3 months, ROS docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content was dramatically reduced, and cPA fluorescence anisotropy values were decreased, relative to controls. Also, 1, 6-diphenyl-1, 3, 5-hexatriene exhibited decreased rotational motion and increased orientational order in ROS membranes from 3 month-old AY9944-treated rats, relative to controls. No significant changes in protein:lipid ratios were observed; however, rhodopsin regenerability was compromised by 3 months of treatment. These findings are consistent with reduced ROS membrane fluidity in the SLOS rat model, relative to controls, primarily due to the dramatic reduction inmembraneDHA levels, rather than altered sterol composition

A Survey of z>5.7 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey II: Discovery of Three Additional Quasars at z>6

We present the discovery of three new quasars at z>6 in 1300 deg^2 of SDSS imaging data, J114816.64+525150.3 (z=6.43), J104845.05+463718.3 (z=6.23) and J163033.90+401209.6 (z=6.05). The first two objects have weak Ly alpha emission lines; their redshifts are determined from the positions of the Lyman break. They are only accurate to 0.05 and could be affected by the presence of broad absorption line systems. The last object has a Ly alpha strength more typical of lower redshift quasars. Based on a sample of six quasars at z>5.7 that cover 2870 deg^2 presented in this paper and in Paper I, we estimate the comoving density of luminous quasars at z 6 and M_{1450} < -26.8 to be (8 +/- 3)x10^{-10} Mpc^{-3} (for H_0 = 50 km/s/Mpc, Omega = 1). HST imaging of two z>5.7 quasars and high-resolution ground-based images (seeing 0.4'') of three additional z>5.7 quasars show that none of them is gravitationally lensed. The luminosity distribution of the high-redshfit quasar sample suggests the bright end slope of the quasar luminosity function at z 6 is shallower than Psi L^{-3.5} (2-sigma), consistent with the absence of strongly lensed objects.Comment: AJ in press (Apr 2003), 26 pages, 9 figure