Construcción de un modelo parametrizable de la Escuela Lean mediante Witness: One Piece Flow

Este trabajo fin de máster tiene por objetivo la creación de un modelo parametrizable mediante Witness de la configuración de la Escuela Lean en la que se emplea una distribución de célula en “U” y un flujo de una pieza. Para alcanzar este objetivo, ha sido necesario conocer la filosofía del Lean Manufacturing y sus técnicas, el software Witness que se emplea para diseñar el modelo, así como lograr una correcta comprensión de la propia Escuela Lean. Una vez verificado y validado el modelo, se procede a la simulación y experimentación del proceso de producción de vehículos. Esta simulaciónnos ayuda a visualizar, analizar y estudiar el funcionamiento de la cadena productiva implantada en la escuela. También muestra qué fases de la producción están desequilibradas y permite detectar problemas para posteriormente recomendar medidas de mejora.Por último, se considera la implementación en el Aula Lean de las decisiones efectuadas a partir de los resultados obtenidos. Palabras clave Simulación; Modelo;Departamento de Organización de Empresas y Comercialización e Investigación de MercadosMáster en Logístic

Effect of row orientation on soil water content and vine water status on a Cabernet franc vineyard in Madrid, spain

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of row orien¬tation on vine and soil water status in an irrigated vineyard. The trial was developed during 2006, 2007 and 2008, in the South East region of Madrid (Spain) on 5-year old Cabernet franc grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted onto 140Ru. Plant spacing was 2.5 m x 1.5 m and vines were trained to a VSP. Four orientations were stu¬died: North-South (N-S), East-West (E-W), Northeast-Southwest (N+45) and North-South +20o (N+20). Irrigation (0.4•ET0) started when shoot growth stopped. Soil water availability was measured using a TDR technique with forty buried probes. Row orientation did not have any effect on water consumption in the vineyard. At maturity, leaf water potential was measured at predawn, early mor¬ning, midday and 14:00 solar time, on both canopy sides - sun and shade – ; the early morning measurement was the one that better differentiated treatments. Leaf water potential was a good indica¬tor of plant water status. Differences between (N-S and E-W) and (N+20 and N+45) treatments were obtained both on sun and shade canopy sides, N+20 and N+45 having lower leaf water potentials then drier leaves. The water stress integral shows that N-S and E-W reach the end of maturation with a greater level of hydration than N+45 and N+20. As a whole, N+45 and N+20 orientations, without affecting too much the soil available water content, induce regularly more water stress to the vine at some periods, probably due to an higher sunlight interception in early morning which makes water limitation for the vine more early and thus more severe during the day

Matadero de Madrid : [nave de aves]

Matadero de Madrid : [nave de aves

Ras family of small gtpases in crc: New perspectives for overcoming drug resistance

Colorectal cancer remains among the cancers with the highest incidence, prevalence, and mortality worldwide. Although the development of targeted therapies against the EGFR and VEGFR membrane receptors has considerably improved survival in these patients, the appearance of resistance means that their success is still limited. Overactivation of several members of the Ras-GTPase family is one of the main actors in both tumour progression and the lack of response to cytotoxic and targeted therapies. This fact has led many resources to be devoted over the last dec-ades to the development of targeted therapies against these proteins. However, they have not been as successful as expected in their move to the clinic so far. In this review, we will analyse the role of these Ras-GTPases in the emergence and development of colorectal cancer and their relationship with resistance to targeted therapies, as well as the status and new advances in the design of targeted therapies against these proteins and their possible clinical implications.This research was funded by Spanish Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII), grant number PI19/01231. A.R-V was funded by a contract PFIS from Spanish Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII) (FI20/00213) associated with the project PI19/01231

El Uso de los Smartphones y las relaciones interpersonales de los jóvenes universitarios en la ciudad de Barranquilla

Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre el uso de los Smartphones y las relaciones interpersonales de estudiantes universitarios en la ciudad de Barranquilla. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal mediante encuesta anónima a 400 estudiantes en una universidad privada, seleccionados aleatoriamente. Variables estudiadas: frecuencia de revisión de mensajes y llamadas, conflicto en las relaciones con padres, amigos y pareja y el distanciamiento en las relaciones, generado por el uso de excesivo del móvil. El conflicto en las relaciones se relacionó con las variables socio-demográficas y el perfil de uso de los Smartphones. Resultados El 80% estaba suscrito a un plan de datos, el 53% revisaba su Smartphone cada 15 minutos o menos, el 66% lo lleva a todas partes y el 52% lo usaba en exceso. Las dos razones de uso más frecuentes fueron: mantenerse en contacto/diversión (22%), seguido de mantenerse en contacto/estudio (12.5%). Las mujeres usaban más el celular y tenían más conflictos en sus relaciones que los hombres, debido al uso excesivo; además, se sentían más molestas/desplazadas, cuando su interlocutor usaba el móvil en su presencia. La principal razón de conflictos por el uso del Smartphone en la relación con otras personas fue la distracción. Conclusiones Los usuarios, en general, consideran que los Smartphones afectan positivamente sus relaciones, aunque ocurran conflictos. Hay diferencias por sexo con respecto a la presentación de conflictos por su uso excesivo, predominante en las mujeres, quienes tienden a tolerar menos que éste sea utilizado en su presencia

Participation in One Health Networks and Involvement in the COVID-19 Pandemic Response: A Global Study

The COVID-19 pandemic exemplifies a One Health issue at the intersection of human, animal, and environmental health that requires collaboration across sectors to manage it successfully. The global One Health community includes professionals working in many different fields including human medicine, veterinary medicine, public health, ecosystem health, and, increasingly, social sciences. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to describe the involvement of the global One Health community in COVID-19 pandemic response activities. One Health networks (OHNs) have formed globally to serve professionals with common interests in collaborative approaches. We assessed the potential association between being part of an OHN and involvement in COVID-19 response activities. Data were collected in July-August 2020 using an online questionnaire that addressed work characteristics, perceived connection to OHNs, involvement in COVID-19 pandemic response activities, and barriers and facilitators to the involvement. The sample included 1,050 respondents from 94 countries across a range of organizations and work sectors including, but not restricted to, those typically associated with a One Health approach. Sixty-four percent of survey respondents indicated involvement in pandemic response activities. Being part of an OHN was positively associated with being involved in the COVID-19 response (odds ratio: 1.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.3–2.4). Lack of opportunities was a commonly reported barrier to involvement globally, with lack of funding the largest barrier in the WHO African region. This insight into diverse workforce involvement in the pandemic helps fill a gap in the global health workforce and public health education literature. An expanded understanding of the perceived roles and value of OHNs can inform targeted interventions to improve public health education and workforce capacity to prepare for and respond to public health emergencies

The Comparability of Men Who Have Sex With Men Recruited From Venue-Time-Space Sampling and Facebook: A Cohort Study

Background: Recruiting valid samples of men who have sex with men (MSM) is a key component of the US human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) surveillance and of research studies seeking to improve HIV prevention for MSM. Social media, such as Facebook, may present an opportunity to reach broad samples of MSM, but the extent to which those samples are comparable with men recruited from venue-based, time-space sampling (VBTS) is unknown. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the comparability of MSM recruited via VBTS and Facebook. Methods: HIV-negative and HIV-positive black and white MSM were recruited from June 2010 to December 2012 using VBTS and Facebook in Atlanta, GA. We compared the self-reported venue attendance, demographic characteristics, sexual and risk behaviors, history of HIV-testing, and HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence between Facebook- and VTBS-recruited MSM overall and by race. Multivariate logistic and negative binomial models estimated age/race adjusted ratios. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess 24-month retention. Results: We recruited 803 MSM, of whom 110 (34/110, 30.9% black MSM, 76/110, 69.1% white MSM) were recruited via Facebook and 693 (420/693, 60.6% black MSM, 273/693, 39.4% white MSM) were recruited through VTBS. Facebook recruits had high rates of venue attendance in the previous month (26/34, 77% among black and 71/76, 93% among white MSM; between-race P=.01). MSM recruited on Facebook were generally older, with significant age differences among black MSM (P=.02), but not white MSM (P=.14). … See full text for complete abstract

Network-based analysis reveals differences in plant assembly between the native and the invaded ranges

Associated with the introduction of alien species in a new area, interactions with other native species within the recipient community occur, reshaping the original community and resulting in a unique assemblage. Yet, the differences in community assemblage between native and invaded ranges remain unclear. Mediterranean grasslands provide an excellent scenario to study community assembly following transcontinental naturalisation of plant species. Here, we compared the community resemblance of plant communities in Mediterranean grasslands from both the native (Spain) and invaded (Chile) ranges. We used a novel approach, based on network analysis applied to co-occurrence analysis in plant communities, allowing us to study the co-existence of native and alien species in central Chile. This useful methodology is presented as a step forward in invasion ecology studies and conservation strategies. We found that community structure differed between the native and the invaded range, with alien species displaying a higher number of connections and, therefore, acting as keystones to sustain the structure within the invaded community. Alien species acting like keystones within the Chilean grassland communities might exacerbate the threat posed by biological invasions for the native biodiversity assets. Controlling the spread of the alien species identified here as keystones should help managing potential invasion in surrounding areas. Network analyses is a free, easy-to-implement and straightforward visual tool that can be widely used to reveal shifts in native communities and elucidate the role of multiple invaders into communitie

Carbon capture retrofit options with the on-site addition of gas turbine combined heat and power cycle

AbstractThis article examines the economic factors that may be important in determining the overall performance of coal plants retrofitted with an additional gas turbine combined heat and power cycle. A comparison is made with an integrated retrofit where steam is extracted from the power cycle