Analytic solutions for the one-dimensional compressible Euler equation with heat conduction closed with different kind of equation of states

We present analytic self-similar or traveling wave solutions for a one-dimensional coupled system of continuity, compressible Euler and heat conduction equations. Different kind of equation of states are investigated. In certain forms of the equation of state one can arrive to a picture regarding the long time behavior of density and pressure. The impact of these quantities on the evolution of temperature is also discussed.Comment: 3 figures, will be submitted to Physics of Fluid

Rectus sheath haematoma following exercise testing: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Exercise testing is a safe diagnostic procedure which is widely used in the evaluation of patients suspected of having coronary heart disease or for the assessment of the prognosis in patients with established disease. Its complications are mainly cardiac disorders. Here, we report a rectus sheath haematoma as a complication of this procedure in a patient with acute coronary syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of rectus sheath haematoma in association with exercise testing.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 72-year-old Caucasian woman was admitted for acute coronary syndrome. She received conservative treatment including low molecular weight heparin and anti-platelet agents. On the fifth day of her hospital stay, she underwent an exercise test, where no ischaemic response occurred. Several hours later, she experienced pain in the left side of her abdomen. Subsequent investigations revealed a rectus sheath haematoma. The patient underwent surgical haematoma evacuation. A few days later, re-operation was performed for recurrent bleeding in the abdominal wall. The patient had several characteristics known to increase the risk of bleeding during treatment for acute coronary syndrome.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Awareness of this possible consequence of exercise testing is important for preventing and treating it correctly. For prevention, an assessment of the bleeding risk of the individual patient is necessary before the test, and excessive anticoagulation must be avoided.</p

A Study on Tax Policy of Loan Losses in Commercial Bank in China

我国的贷款损失税收政策问题一直为人们所诟病，大部分城市商业银行和股份制商业银行都要求改革现行的不合理贷款损失税收政策；同时，我国金融业将在2007年全面对外开放，这更加剧了贷款损失税收政策改革的紧迫性。在这样的背景下，研究我国商业银行贷款损失税收政策就显得有意义和必要了。论文回顾了前人的研究成果，比较了部分国家贷款损失税收处理的具体实践，总结了现行的贷款损失税收处理方法——核销法和准备金法（包括一般准备金法和特定准备金法），分析了这两种方法对税收中性原则的遵循和悖离状况，认为，特定准备金法比核销法更符合实践需要，更能满足税收中性；在此基础上，结合我国的具体情况，从制度和实证两方面说明我国现行贷...The tax policy of loan losses has been a contentious issue in China. Most of the city banks and joint-stock commercial banks have called on reforming the actual tax policy of loan losses. In the same time, the money market of China will be open to other countries across-the-board, which aggravates the pressure of reformation of tax policy of loan losses. Under such circumstance, it seems to be sig...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院财政金融系_财政学(含税收学)学号：20034102

Towards Agent-Based Model Specification of Smart Grid: A Cognitive Agent-Based Computing Approach

A smart grid can be considered as a complex network where each node represents a generation unit or a consumer, whereas links can be used to represent transmission lines. One way to study complex systems is by using the agent-based modeling paradigm. The agent-based modeling is a way of representing a complex system of autonomous agents interacting with each other. Previously, a number of studies have been presented in the smart grid domain making use of the agent-based modeling paradigm. However, to the best of our knowledge, none of these studies have focused on the specification aspect of the model. The model specification is important not only for understanding but also for replication of the model. To fill this gap, this study focuses on specification methods for smart grid modeling. We adopt two specification methods named as Overview, design concept, and details and Descriptive agent-based modeling. By using specification methods, we provide tutorials and guidelines for model developing of smart grid starting from conceptual modeling to validated agent-based model through simulation. The specification study is exemplified through a case study from the smart grid domain. In the case study, we consider a large set of network, in which different consumers and power generation units are connected with each other through different configuration. In such a network, communication takes place between consumers and generating units for energy transmission and data routing. We demonstrate how to effectively model a complex system such as a smart grid using specification methods. We analyze these two specification approaches qualitatively as well as quantitatively. Extensive experiments demonstrate that Descriptive agent-based modeling is a more useful approach as compared with Overview, design concept, and details method for modeling as well as for replication of models for the smart grid

On the Development of Intelligent Railway Information and Safety Systems: An Overview of Current Research

The present article focuses on the research and development planning for innovative railway systems. Within such a general framework, the specific objectives of the research have been defined within the framework of a large Intelligent Railway System project in Hungary. Our theoretical research work at the university is combined with practical experience gained at the Hungarian State Railways. In the course of this research work, the development of an intelligent railway system has been investigated by leveraging on the fruitful cooperation between academic and industrial partners, in order to promote the application and integration possibilities of the development results, as well as the introduction of innovative components in the railway system. In such a context, this article discusses the research plan, preliminary and long-term expected results, sharing objectives and experiences with the aim of providing novel views in an extremely current and challenging field of research

PHYSIOLOGICAL MARKERS OF DUCKWEED (Lemna minor L.) FOR BIOINDICATION OF WATER POLLUTION WITH COPPER AND DIURON (3-(3,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)-1,1-DIMETHYLUREA)

Abstract. Lesser duckweed (Lemna minor L.) is a cosmopolitan aquatic test plant, its growth and metabolic parameters are useful markers of the influence exerted on living organisms by changes in water quality. We have investigated the influence of water-polluting copper and herbicides on net biomass production, photosynthetic pigment content and efficiency parameters of induced chlorophyll fluorescence of duckweed. Copper decreased biomass production of duckweed only at higher concentrations (100 µM), while diuron inhibited growth even at 10 µM. With respect to the light-harvesting complexes of chloroplasts, the molar ratios between the main types of photosynthetic pigments proved to be the most sensitive markers of the impact of the applied water-polluting agents. In case of water pollution with copper and diuron, the mostly sensitive parameters of induced chlorophyll fluorescence were the potential quantum yield efficiency and the vitality index of photosynthetic apparatus, these parameters being recommended for bioindication of water pollution

Phase-space dependence of particle-ratio fluctuations in Pb+Pb collisions from 20A to 158A GeV beam energy

A novel approach, the identity method, was used for particle identification and the study of fluctuations of particle yield ratios in Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). This procedure allows to unfold the moments of the unknown multiplicity distributions of protons (p), kaons (K), pions ($\pi$) and electrons (e). Using these moments the excitation function of the fluctuation measure $\nu_{\text{\text{dyn}}}$[A,B] was measured, with A and B denoting different particle types. The obtained energy dependence of $\nu_{\text{dyn}}$ agrees with previously published NA49 results on the related measure $\sigma_{\text{dyn}}$. Moreover, $\nu_{\text{dyn}}$ was found to depend on the phase space coverage for [K,p] and [K,$\pi$] pairs. This feature most likely explains the reported differences between measurements of NA49 and those of STAR in central Au+Au collisions

Antideuteron and deuteron production in mid-central Pb+Pb collisions at 158AA GeV

Production of deuterons and antideuterons was studied by the NA49 experiment in the 23.5% most central Pb+Pb collisions at the top SPS energy of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=17.3 GeV. Invariant yields for $\bar{d}$ and $d$ were measured as a function of centrality in the center-of-mass rapidity range $-1.2<y<-0.6$. Results for $\bar{d}(d)$ together with previously published $\bar{p}(p)$ measurements are discussed in the context of the coalescence model. The coalescence parameters $B_2$ were deduced as a function of transverse momentum $p_t$ and collision centrality.Comment: 9 figure

Energy dependence of kaon-to-proton ratio fluctuations in central Pb+Pb collisions from sNN\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 6.3 to 17.3 GeV

Kaons and protons carry large parts of two conserved quantities, strangeness and baryon number. It is argued that their correlation and thus also fluctuations are sensitive to conditions prevailing at the anticipated parton-hadron phase boundary. Fluctuations of the $(\mathrm{K}^+ + \mathrm{K}^-)/(\mathrm{p}+\bar{\mathrm{p}})$ and $\mathrm{K}^+/\mathrm{p}$ ratios have been measured for the first time by NA49 in central Pb+Pb collisions at 5 SPS energies between $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$= 6.3 GeV and 17.3 GeV. Both ratios exhibit a change of sign in $\sigma_{\mathrm{dyn}}$, a measure of non-statistical fluctuations, around $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 8 GeV. Below this energy, $\sigma_{\mathrm{dyn}}$ is positive, indicating higher fluctuation compared to a mixed event background sample, while for higher energies, $\sigma_{\mathrm{dyn}}$ is negative, indicating correlated emission of kaons and protons. The results are compared to UrQMD calculations which which give a good description at the higher SPS energies, but fail to reproduce the transition to positive values.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure