Model Predictive Control of CMSMPR Crystalliser

One of the most critical components of the chemical industry in terms of crystallisation is the pharmaceutical sector. Most medicine components are expensive and require complex processes for their production, so producing waste is highly inefficient. Another concern is the high-quality standards for most pharmaceutical products. Therefore, optimising the crystallisation process is critical from a quality perspective, with the main concerns being the product's crystal structure and particle diameter distribution. Regardless efficient control in batch processes such as crystallisation is a difficult task due to the inherently nonlinear behaviour of the system. Using a priori model of the system as the basis for nonlinear model predictive control could provide a useful tool for handling the crystallisation process, mitigating the effects of disturbance and noise and ensuring appropriate product quality. In this work, we wish to showcase the possibility of controlling a crystallisation process using model predictive control to enable the production of crystal products with desired particle diameter distribution and crystalline product average size. The method is shown using citric acid as a model substance in a case study of a continuous crystallisation procedure in a stirred tank reactor. The crystalliser model includes an energy balance, so the system's behaviour depends on the cooling rate and residence time. Accordingly, the control problem can be formulated as multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO) system. Moreover, the two controlled (average particle size and crystal size dispersion) variables are not easily detached from each other. So, the traditional controlling strategies, for example, the decoupling controller, is challenging to apply. The MPC (model predictive control) as an advanced control algorithm can be a solution to this

How I met your V2X sensor data : analysis of projection-based light field visualization for vehicle-to-everything communication protocols and use cases

The practical usage of V2X communication protocols started emerging in recent years. Data built on sensor information are displayed via onboard units and smart devices. However, perceptually obtaining such data may be counterproductive in terms of visual attention, particularly in the case of safety-related applications. Using the windshield as a display may solve this issue, but switching between 2D information and the 3D reality of traffic may introduce issues of its own. To overcome such difficulties, automotive light field visualization is introduced. In this paper, we investigate the visualization of V2X communication protocols and use cases via projection-based light field technology. Our work is motivated by the abundance of V2X sensor data, the low latency of V2X data transfer, the availability of automotive light field prototypes, the prevalent dominance of non-autonomous and non-remote driving, and the lack of V2X-based light field solutions. As our primary contributions, we provide a comprehensive technological review of light field and V2X communication, a set of recommendations for design and implementation, an extensive discussion and implication analysis, the exploration of utilization based on standardized protocols, and use-case-specific considerations

Through a different lens : the perceived quality of light field visualization assessed by test participants with imperfect visual acuity and color blindness

With the emergence of commercially-available light field displays, both industry and academia have begun research on the potential use cases of future society. However, while there is an unfortunate global trend that the eyesight-related issues are getting more common among the new generations, such individuals are underrepresented in light field research. In this paper, we present the results of the series of subjective tests carried out on light field displays, exclusively with test participants that otherwise would not qualify to assess visualization quality in a regular study. The investigated topics include spatial resolution, angular resolution and viewing distance

Specific detection and quantitation of bovine IgG in bioreactor derived mouse mAb preparations

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Distribution of CFTR mutations in Eastern Hungarians: Relevance to genetic testing and to the introduction of newborn screening for cystic fibrosis

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was characterization of an updated distribution of CFTR mutations in a representative cohort of 40 CF patients with the classical form of the disease drawn from Eastern Hungary. Due to the homogeneity of the Hungarian population our data are generally applicable to other regions of the country, including the sizeable diaspora.MethodsWe utilized the recommended “cascade” CFTR mutation screening approach, initially using a commercial assay, followed by examination of the common “Slavic” deletion CFTRdele2,3(21kb). Subsequently, the entire CFTR coding region of the CFTR gene was sequenced in patients with yet unidentified mutations.ResultsThe Elucigene CF29Tm v2 assay detected 81.25% of all CF causing mutations. An addition of the CFTRdele2,3(21kb) increased the mutation detection rate to 86.25%. DNA sequencing enabled us to identify mutations on 79/80 CF alleles. Mutations [CFTRdele2,3(21kb), p.Gln685ThrfsX4 (2184insA) were found at an unusually high frequency, each comprising 5.00% of all CF alleles.ConclusionWe have identified common CF causing mutations in the Hungarian population with the most common mutations (p.Phe508del, p.Asn1303Lys, CFTRdele2,3(21kb), 2184insA, p.Gly542X, and p.Leu101X), comprising over 93.75% of all CF alleles. Obtained data are applicable to the improvement of DNA diagnostics in Hungary and beyond, and are the necessary prerequisite for the introduction of a nationwide “two tier” CF newborn screening program