GENDER, ETHNICITY, AND LANDED PROPERTY IN ALBANIA

Methods used to privatize state property attest to Albania's commitment to a democratic and egalitarian society: farmland was distributed to the households working on the ex-collectives and state farms, and housing was sold at a nominal price to the families occupying it. There are social issues, however, that influence not only the potential role of property ownership in the development of a democratic society, but also the true workability of some persons' political and economic opportunities. This paper examines two of these social issues: gender and ethnicity. Assuming that property ownership is a necessary condition for establishing a democratic market economy, the potential denial to exercise those rights for a significant proportion of the population on the basis of gender or ethnicity could undermine Albania's attempts to establish a democratic society and dynamic market economy based on equal opportunity.Right of property -- Social aspects -- Albania, Customary law -- Albania, Land tenure -- Social aspects -- Albania, Women -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- Albania, Ethnic groups -- Albania, Women farmers -- Albania, Albania -- Social conditions, Labor and Human Capital, Land Economics/Use,

FORMALIZING INFORMALITY: THE PRAEDIAL REGISTRATION SYSTEM IN PERU

The Praedial Property Registration system has been presented as an alternative system to traditional registries for the formalization of immovable property. Much of the earlier design and pilot work for the Praedial Property Registration system was done by the Peruvian private organization, Instituto Libertad y Democracia (ILD). They claim that in Peru they "have formalized over 150,000 properties much more quickly, and at dramatically less costs, than traditional titling and registration programs" in three-and-a-half years during the early 1990s. This property formalization system has been trademarked as PROFORM. It is being offered to other countries as a quick and inexpensive way to convert informal property in the hands of a large proportion of the population into legally recognized private property, and as a source of capital for the grassroots development of these countries. This study assesses the functioning of this system in Peru and its replicability in other countries. There is no easily accessible documentation on how this property formalization program has actually functioned in Peru, and it is therefore difficult for development agencies to determine its applicability elsewhere. This assessment of the Registro Predial in Peru is an attempt to document the functioning of an important component of this formalization program. The study examines different aspects of property formalization and related institutions and processes. The scope of this assessment, therefore, includes not only the Registro Predial registration system, but also the titling process (prior to registration) and the credit worthiness and credit opportunities for titled and registered property in both urban and rural areas in Lima that fall under the jurisdiction of the Registro Predial. The study also examines the concepts and legal framework of titling, registration, ownership rights, and possession rights within the Peruvian context.Land titles--Registration and transfer--Peru, Land tenure--Government policy--Peru, Land administration--Peru, Land Economics/Use,

LAND TENANCY IN ASIA, AFRICA, AND LATIN AMERICA: A LOOK AT THE PAST AND A VIEW TO THE FUTURE

This literature review focuses on recent and contemporary tenancy structures in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Tenancy for purposes of this review is broadly defined to include different leasing arrangements such sharecropping, labor tenancy, fixed cash rentals, and reverse leasing. We have limited our discussion to private leasing of agricultural land, thereby ignoring issues pertaining to leasing of public, forest, and other noncrop lands. The purpose of this literature review is to provide a basis for evaluation of the desirability, feasibility, and potential content of regulatory guidelines for lease agreements that might permit the land-lease market to operate effectively. The works discussed herein are both theoretical and empirical. We have attempted to locate the most recent literature on tenancy for Asia, Africa, and Latin America. If contemporary literature is scarce or if historical developments are useful to understanding current tenancy trends, references and inclusion of recent past experiences and dynamics are included. As can be expected, the availability of studies on tenancy in the three regions is quite different.Farm tenancy--Asia, Farm tenancy--Africa, Sub-Saharan, Farm tenancy--Latin America, Farm tenancy--Developing countries--Bibliography, Land tenure--Developing countries, Land Economics/Use,

Fantasizing a Free Black History: Post-Black Arts Movement Novels and Plays Re-Imagining Jim Crow

“Fantasizing a Free Black History: Post-Black Arts Movement Novels and Plays Re-Imagining Jim Crow” closely reads one novel and one play written in the early twenty-first century and set in the Jim Crow period. Analyzing how Toni Morrison’s novel Love (2005) and Lynn Nottage’s drama By the Way, Meet Vera Stark (2011) take up Jim Crow era Black history together, I find that both works intentionally offer incomplete, subjective and fictive narrations of black life during Jim Crow to deny readers a sense of realism. In doing so, these authors represent a group of African American novelists and playwrights that contend with the decades following Black Arts Movement being so temporally removed from Jim Crow in two steps. Firstly, they acknowledge in their partial and obscure narratives that this historical Black experience cannot be fully recovered by treating Jim Crow Black history like a historical site to be discovered with a literary return. Secondly, they demonstrate in their direct appeal to their audiences to co-create the fictions’ narratives with the characters that black history can instead be a praxis of inter-generational, collaborative fiction writing that imagines past Black individuals, making them more transparent in the contemporary moment. These features of narrative and structural address signify that this group of post-Black Arts Movement authors consider Black individuals’ freedom during Jim Crow more accessible by conjecturing how it manifested with their audiences

How can Big Data contribute to improve the financial performance of companies?

Objective: We propose a comprehensive methodology that combines a set of Big Data Analytics tools (BDA) with prospective analysis, risk analysis and strategic analysis with the aim to improve the firm’s financial performance measured through Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).Methodology: The methodology consists of five (5) stages: financial modeling, prospective analysis, risk analysis that includes BDA, strategic analysis and monitoringResults: This methodology allows directing the BDA towards the characterization of the critical variables that create value for the company, designing contingent strategies and evaluating their impact on the selected financial indicators (KPI) all this in a multidimensional wayRecommendations: We require constant monitoring to generate different forms of innovation and flexibility in the company and improve its financial performance.Limitations: The success of the methodology depends on the company's ability to improve, adapt, adjust, or innovate to gain, sustain, or reconfigure a competitive advantage. This skill is called process-oriented dynamic capabilities (PODC)Originality: The proposed methodology is comprehensive since it allows the inclusion of various areas of the company in order to improve its financial performance represented by the KPIs. Furthermore, the analysis can be performed for specific areas and business units.Conclusions: The proposed methodology promotes innovation and flexibility that will improve the financial performance of the company as long as there is a good fit among Big Data activities, the organizational structure, the commitment of senior management and support for the development of PODC.¿Cómo puede contribuir el Big Data a mejorar el rendimiento financiero de las empresas?Objetivo: Proponemos una metodología integral que combina un conjunto de herramientas del análisis de Big Data (BDA) con el análisis prospectivo, análisis de riesgo y análisis estratégico con la finalidad de mejorar el desempeño financiero de la empresa medido a través de Key Performance Indicators (KPI)}Metodología: La metodología está compuesta por cinco (5) etapas: modelación financiera, prospectiva, análisis de riesgo que incluye BDA, análisis estratégico y monitoreoResultados: Esta metodología permite dirigir el BDA hacia la caracterización de las variables críticas que crean valor para la empresa, diseñar estrategias contingentes y evaluar su impacto en los indicadores financieros seleccionados (KPI) todo esto de forma multidimensional.Recomendación: Se requiere un monitoreo constante del modelo para generar diferentes formas de innovación y flexibilidad en la empresa y mejorar su desempeño financiero.Limitación: El éxito de la metodología depende de la habilidad de la empresa para mejorar, adaptarse, ajustarse o innovar para ganar, sostener o reconfigurar una ventaja competitiva. A esta habilidad se le denomina capacidades dinámicas orientadas a procesos (PODC)Originalidad: La metodología propuesta es integral ya que permite la inclusión de diversas áreas de la empresa con el objetivo de mejorar su desempeño financiero representado por los KPIs. Asimismo, el análisis se puede realizar para áreas específicas y unidades de negocio.Conclusión: La metodología propuesta promueve la innovación y la flexibilidad que mejorarán el desempeño financiero de la compañía siempre que exista un buen ajuste entre las actividades de Big Data, la estructura organizacional, el compromiso de la alta gerencia y el apoyo para el desarrollo de PODC

La implementación de la oralidad en el proceso civil peruano y la garantía del proceso pre determinado por Ley

Nuestro estudio titulado: “LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE LA ORALIDAD EN EL PROCESO CIVIL PERUANO Y LA GARANTÍA DEL PROCESO PRE DETERMINADO POR LEY”, busca demostrar que implementar la oralidad en los procesos civiles en nuestro país no ha sido dada de la mano con la Constitución política vigente. Por tal razón es que en esta tesis nos hemos hecho la siguiente pregunta: “¿De qué manera la implementación de la oralidad en el proceso civil peruano vulnera la garantía del proceso pre determinado por ley, prescrito en el artículo 139, inciso 3, párrafo 2 de la Constitución Política?”, frente a la que nos hemos formulado la siguiente hipótesis: “La implementación de la oralidad en el proceso civil peruano vulnera la garantía del proceso pre determinado por ley, prescrito en el artículo 139, inciso 3, párrafo 2 de la Constitución Política, ya que las Resoluciones Administrativas que han servido de vehículo para tal implementación, aparte de tener un rango jerárquicamente inferior a una ley, diseña un trámite procesal absolutamente distinto al previamente establecido por el Código Procesal Civil (la ley)”. Así mismo nos hemos formulado el siguiente objetivo general: “Demostrar la manera como la implementación de la oralidad en el proceso civil peruano vulnera la garantía Constitucional del proceso pre determinado por ley”. El mismo que a través de los métodos lógicos, así como con ayuda de los métodos jurídicos dogmático, hermenéutico nos han permitido concluir, entre otras cosas, que el implantamiento de la oralidad en los procesos civiles peruanos no ha respetado la garantía constitucional del procedimiento pre determinado por ley. En tal sentido, si bien la oralidad ha traído algunos beneficios a la recargada agenda jurisdiccional diaria, lo cierto es que mediante la implementación de esta oralidad se ha trastocado el Código Procesal Civil (norma con rango de ley), pues se ha alterado el trámite o procedimiento que este cuerpo legal establecía para solucionar los conflictos de intereses, conllevando a la vulneración de garantías procesales, como la del procedimiento pre establecido por ley, prescrito en el artículo 139.3 de la carta magna peruana.Our study entitled: ""THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ORALITY IN THE PERUVIAN CIVIL PROCESS AND THE GUARANTEE OF THE PRE-DETERMINED PROCESS BY LAW"", seeks to demonstrate that implementing orality in civil processes in our country has not been given hand in hand with the Political Constitution current. For this reason, in this thesis we have asked ourselves the following question: ""How does the implementation of orality in the Peruvian civil process violate the guarantee of the pre-determined process by law, prescribed in article 139, subsection 3, paragraph 2 of the Political Constitution?”, against which we have formulated the following hypothesis: “The implementation of orality in the Peruvian civil process violates the guarantee of the pre-determined process by law, prescribed in article 139, subsection 3, paragraph 2 of the Political Constitution, since the Administrative Resolutions that have served as a vehicle for such implementation, in addition to having a hierarchically lower rank than a law, design a procedural procedure that is absolutely different from the one previously established by the Civil Procedure Code (the law) "" . Likewise, we have formulated the following general objective: ""Demonstrate the way in which the implementation of orality in the Peruvian civil process violates the Constitutional guarantee of the process pre-determined by law."" The same that through logical methods, as well as with the help of dogmatic, hermeneutical legal methods have allowed us to conclude, among other things, that the implantation of orality in Peruvian civil processes has not respected the constitutional guarantee of the preliminary procedure. determined by law. In this sense, although orality has acquired some benefits to the overloaded daily jurisdictional agenda, the truth is that through the implementation of this orality, the Civil Procedure Code (norm with the rank of law) has been disrupted, since the procedure has been altered. or procedure that this legal body to resolve conflicts of interest, leading to the violation of procedural guarantees, such as the procedure pre-established by law, prescribed in article 139.3 of the Peruvian constitution.Tesi

Propiedades Psicométricas de la Escala de Identidad Corporativa en los colaboradores de la Municipalidad Provincial de Paita, Piura

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo principal establecer las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Identidad Corporativa en los colaboradores de la Municipalidad Provincial de Paita Piura, 2017. El diseño es psicométrico de tipo tecnológico, contando con una población de 499 colaboradores de la Municipalidad Provincial de Paita, Piura con edades entre 18 y 65 años y donde se utilizó la Escala de Identidad Corporativa por Orellana, Bossio y Jaime (2011). El análisis de resultados para la validez de contenido mediante la V de Aiken, arrojó valores a 1, y acuerdo entre los jueces en un 100% siendo valores aceptables en todos los ítems. En cuanto a la validez de constructo según el análisis factorial confirmatorio determinó la presencia de 3 componentes que representan 46.1% de varianza total explicada, con cargas factoriales superiores a 30. Así mismo el análisis ítem – test arrojó valores superiores a .30, entre .314** y .628** respaldando de esta forma la estructura teórica. Respecto a la confiabilidad por el método de dos mitades Spearman Brown a nivel general fue (.73), en la Dimensión Organizacional (.99), para la dimensión Personal (.81) y para la Dimensión Social (.81), siendo coeficientes aceptables; mientras que por el método alfa de Cronbach a nivel general fue muy buena (α=.874), para la Dimensión Organizacional, elevada (α=.942); en Dimensión Personal fue buena (α=.830) y en la Dimensión Social, buena (α=.824), determinando de esta manera coeficientes aceptables de fiabilidad. Finalmente se concluye que la Escala de Identidad Corporativa, posee propiedades psicométricas aceptables

Efectos de las políticas públicas en las comunidades amazónicas de Perú: el caso del bono Juntos en la comunidad asháninka

La investigación trata acerca del Programa Nacional de Apoyo Directo a los más Pobres – “Juntos”, un incentivo económico otorgado por el gobierno peruano a las poblaciones indígenas de territorios amazónicos, considerados poblaciones en situación de pobreza y pobreza extrema. El objetivo estuvo centrado en las percepciones de los tres protagonistas de este programa social: la población asháninka beneficiarios de los bonos, los líderes amazónicos y los funcionarios del gobierno que gestionan, distribuyen, supervisan y monitorean el otorgamiento del bono monetario sobre los factores que afectan a que esta política pública no tenga el impacto deseado en estas comunidades. La metodología empleada fue el enfoque de tipo cualitativo y los métodos fueron el fenomenológico y el estudio de caso. La técnica principal de recojo de datos fue la entrevista semiestructurada. Una de las conclusiones a que se llegó es la siguiente: la distribución del bono “Juntos” tiene una doble connotación: una social y otra política. Socialmente este incentivo económico es una ayuda para paliar momentáneamente los apremios de pobreza que soporta la comunidad asháninka; y, políticamente, es una medida de contención para apaciguar y disminuir las situaciones de tensión que podría desbordar en un conflicto social que se mantiene latente históricamente.Perú. Autoridad Nacional del Servicio Civil (Servir). Crédito Beca Reto de ExcelenciaTrabajo de fin de máste