Biotalouden kehityksen paikallistaloudellinen merkitys resurssiperiferiassa - esimerkkinä Pielisen Karjala

201

From exogenous to endogenous development in Scottish forestry: the feasibility of small-scale wood energy enterprise

This paper presents a change in the Scottish forestry policy from the exogenous to the endogenous development approach, and feasibility of heat entrepreneurship based on locally produced woodfuels in the Highlands of Scotland. The cost structure and heat pricing in the case of an 800 kW solid fuel boiler is presented, and the profitability of local heat entrepreneurship is analysed with scenarios of different investment costs and fuel prices. The results indicate that a district heating (DH) system, using locally produced woodchips, could produce heat at a lower price than single-house heating systems using light fuel oil. The profitability of replacing existing heating units by investing in a new district heating (DH) scheme is very dependent on the available investment support, price level of woodchips and substituted light fuel oil, and the amount of sold energy. In the case of an 800 kW DH scheme, and woodchip prices of 14 and 22 €/MWh, investments should remain under break-even points of 280 and 420 €/kW of heating power (230,000-335,000€).

Socio-economic impacts of community wind power projects in Northern Scotland

201

Local, regional and national level of the socioeconomic impacts of a bio-oil production system – A case in Lieksa, Finland

201

Energy cost reduction creates additional socioeconomic benefits– The case of Eno Energy Cooperative, Finland

201

Socio-economic impacts of a local bioenergy-based development strategy - The case of Pielinen Karelia, Finland

201

Business models of heat entrepreneurship in Finland

This paper presents the business models of small-scale heat energy production in Finland. Firstly, the development of heat entrepreneurship in the country is presented, including the remarkable growth of small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in the last 15 years. Secondly, the concept of business model (business architecture of product/service flows and earning logics) is modified to the framework of wood heat production. The business model concept, and its sub-concepts, is applied in a brief review of current heat energy businesses in Finland. We arrive at a business model of heat entrepreneurships that are public companies/utilities, public-private partnerships, private companies and cooperatives, Energy Saving Company (ESCO), network model of large enterprise and franchising. Descriptive cases of these models are presented. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion on the applicability of the business models in different operational environments and geographical contexts.Wood energy Heat entrepreneurship Business models

Metsäenergiatuotannon pitkän aikavälin aluetalousvaikutukset – Esimerkkinä Enon Energiaosuuskunta

The aim of this paper is to assess the long-term direct and indirect socioeconomic impacts of biomass-based heat entrepreneurships on a local and regional economy by using input–output (I–O) analysis. The analysis focuses on a small peripheral community, called Eno, located in North Karelia, Finland. We ask in this paper what type of long-term income and employment impacts heat entrepreneurship has from start-up to growth and maturity production stages. According to the socio-economic impact analyses, the total employment impacts of the Eno Energy Cooperative in 2000-2015 were approximately 160 FTE’s and the total income impact in the same period was about 6.6 million euros. Results proved also that in addition to traditional socioeconomic impacts, the energy cost savings, and their induced impacts, can create a remarkable additional increase to the local development benefits of bioenergy.   &nbsp