Diffuse inference system for valuation of companies

The objective of this research is to propose a tool based on diffuse logic that would allow its implementation in the valuation of companies, accepting the inclusion of non-quantitative variables and criteria that have not been included in said process. Initially, some of the main company valuation methodologies are explored, identifying the factors that have an impact on them. Then, they are established as supply for the tool proposed in this research work. Subsequently, the diffuse logic theoretical framework is presented, which is the basis of the mentioned tool. Then, the characteristics are established in diffuse terms of its own components, and several results are disclosed. The presented tool, apart from including qualitative variables and supporting the investment decision-making process, allows the follow-up of the management as it facilitates the measurement of the variations that some organizational decisions generate in the value of the company.El objetivo de esta investigación es proponer una herramienta basada en lógica difusa que permita implementarse en la valoración de empresas, admitiendo la inclusión de variables y criterios no cuantitativos en dicho proceso. Inicialmente, se exploran algunas de las principales metodologías de valoración de empresas, se identifican los factores que las impactan, y se establecen como insumo para la herramienta que propone esta investigación. Posteriormente, se presenta el marco teórico de lógica difusa y sobre el cual se sustenta la herramienta. Luego, se establecen las características en términos difusos de los componentes de la misma y se comparten algunos resultados. La herramienta presentada, además de incluir variables cualitativas y apoyar la toma de decisiones de inversión, permite el seguimiento a la gestión, ya que facilita medir las variaciones que algunas decisiones organizacionales generan en el valor de la empres

Sistema de inferencia difuso para la valoración de empresas

The objective of this research is to propose a tool based on diffuse logic that would allow its implementation in the valuation of companies, accepting the inclusion of non-quantitative variables and criteria that have not been included in said process. Initially, some of the main company valuation methodologies are explored, identifying the factors that have an impact on them. Then, they are established as supply for the tool proposed in this research work. Subsequently, the diffuse logic theoretical framework is presented, which is the basis of the mentioned tool. Then, the characteristics are established in diffuse terms of its own components, and several results are disclosed. The presented tool, apart from includingqualitative variables and supporting the investment decision-makingprocess, allows the follow-up of the management as it facilitates the measurement of the variations that some organizational decisions generate in the value of the company.El objetivo de esta investigación es proponer una herramienta basada en lógica difusa que permita implementarse en la valoración de empresas, admitiendo la inclusión de variables y criterios no cuantitativos en dicho proceso. Inicialmente, se exploran algunas de las principales metodologías de valoración de empresas, se identifican los factores que las impactan, y se establecen como insumo para la herramienta que propone esta investigación. Posteriormente, se presenta el marco teórico de lógica difusa y sobre el cual se sustenta la herramienta. Luego, se establecen lascaracterísticas en términos difusos de los componentes de la misma y se comparten algunos resultados. La herramienta presentada, además de incluir variables cualitativas y apoyar la toma de decisiones de inversión, permite el seguimiento a la gestión, ya que facilita medir las variaciones que algunas decisiones organizacionales generan en el valor de la empres

Evaluation of a New Monoclonal Chemiluminescent Immunoassay Stool Antigen Test for the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Spanish Multicentre Study

The stool antigen test (SAT) represents an attractive alternative for detection of Helicobacter pylori. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of a new SAT, the automated LIAISON(R) Meridian H. pylori SA based on monoclonal antibodies, compared to the defined gold standard C-13-urea breath test (UBT). This prospective multicentre study (nine Spanish centres) enrolled patients >= 18 years of age with clinical indication to perform UBT for the initial diagnosis and for confirmation of bacterial eradication. Two UBT methods were used: mass spectrometry (MS) including citric acid (CA) or infrared spectrophotometry (IRS) without CA. Overall, 307 patients (145 naive, 162 with confirmation of eradication) were analysed. Using recommended cut-off values (negative SAT = 1.10) the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 67%, 97%, 86%, 92% and 91%, respectively, obtaining an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.85. Twenty-eight patients, including seven false positives and 21 false negatives, presented a discordant result between SAT and UBT. Among the 21 false negatives, four of six tested with MS and 11 of 15 tested with IRS presented a borderline UBT delta value. In 25 discordant samples, PCR targeting H. pylori DNA was performed to re-assess positivity and SAT accuracy was re-analysed: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy and AUC were 94%, 97%, 86%, 99%, 97% and 0.96, respectively. The new LIAISON(R) Meridian H. pylori SA SAT showed a good accuracy for diagnosis of H. pylori infection

EoE CONNECT, the European Registry of Clinical, Environmental, and Genetic Determinants in Eosinophilic Esophagitis:rationale, design, and study protocol of a large-scale epidemiological study in Europe

BACKGROUND: The growing prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) represents a considerable burden to patients and health care systems. Optimizing cost-effective management and identifying mechanisms for disease onset and progression are required. However, the paucity of large patient cohorts and heterogeneity of practice hinder the defining of optimal management of EoE. METHODS: EoE CONNECT is an ongoing, prospective registry study initiated in 2016 and currently managed by EUREOS, the European Consortium for Eosinophilic Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Patients are managed and treated by their responsible specialists independently. Data recorded using a web-based system include demographic and clinical variables; patient allergies; environmental, intrapartum, and early life exposures; and family background. Symptoms are structurally assessed at every visit; endoscopic features and histological findings are recorded for each examination. Prospective treatment data are registered sequentially, with new sequences created each time a different treatment (active principle, formulation, or dose) is administered to a patient. EoE CONNECT database is actively monitored to ensure the highest data accuracy and the highest scientific and ethical standards. RESULTS: EoE CONNECT is currently being conducted at 39 centers in Europe and enrolls patients of all ages with EoE. In its aim to increase knowledge, to date EoE CONNECT has provided evidence on the effectiveness of first- and second-line therapies for EoE in clinical practice, the ability of proton pump inhibitors to induce disease remission, and factors associated with improved response. Drug effects to reverse fibrous remodeling and endoscopic features of fibrosis in EoE have also been assessed. CONCLUSION: This prospective registry study will provide important information on the epidemiological and clinical aspects of EoE and evidence as to the real-world and long-term effectiveness and safety of therapy. These data will potentially be a vital benchmark for planning future EoE health care services in Europe

Faculty of Business Administration Magazine Volume 4. Number 6

El comité de redacción de la Revista, desea expresamente reconocer la tesonera labor de todas las personas que han contibuído con su empeño, sin el cual hubiera sido imposible su publicación. Igual reconocimiento para los lectores a cuyas opiniones nos acogeremos y tendremos muy en cuenta.Editorial. - 5 Conferencia presentada en el 42 congreso de Fanalco en Pasto, octubre 1° a 4 de 1987. - 6 La planeación estratégic. - 11 El liderazgo de la empresa. - 13 La evaluación de proyectos de inversión. - 14 El administrador de empresas como soporte de una nueva Colombia. - 17 Juego gerenciasl: Un entrenamiento dinámico en la formación profesional. - 22 El administrador del futuro. - 24 Bases para elaborar el presupuesto en el sector público. - 25 Keynesianismo frente a la teoría de la oferta. - 29 Enseñanza de las humanidades - Por dónde empezar. - 34 Discurso de apertura del 4° congreso de la asociaión de administración de Pakistan. - 37 Apuntes geográficos de Santander provincia de San Gil o de Guanentá. - 43 Cómo establecer un programa de comunicaciones en su empresa. - 46 El Instituto Colombiano del Petroleo presencia de Ecopetrol en el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga. - 48The editorial committee of the Magazine expressly wishes to acknowledge the hard work of all the people who have contributed with their efforts, without which its publication would have been impossible. Equal recognition for the readers whose opinions we will welcome and take into account

EoE CONNECT, the European Registry of Clinical, Environmental, and Genetic Determinants in Eosinophilic Esophagitis: rationale, design, and study protocol of a large-scale epidemiological study in Europe

Background: The growing prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) represents a considerable burden to patients and health care systems. Optimizing cost-effective management and identifying mechanisms for disease onset and progression are required. However, the paucity of large patient cohorts and heterogeneity of practice hinder the defining of optimal management of EoE. Methods: EoE CONNECT is an ongoing, prospective registry study initiated in 2016 and currently managed by EUREOS, the European Consortium for Eosinophilic Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Patients are managed and treated by their responsible specialists independently. Data recorded using a web-based system include demographic and clinical variables; patient allergies; environmental, intrapartum, and early life exposures; and family background. Symptoms are structurally assessed at every visit; endoscopic features and histological findings are recorded for each examination. Prospective treatment data are registered sequentially, with new sequences created each time a different treatment (active principle, formulation, or dose) is administered to a patient. EoE CONNECT database is actively monitored to ensure the highest data accuracy and the highest scientific and ethical standards. Results: EoE CONNECT is currently being conducted at 39 centers in Europe and enrolls patients of all ages with EoE. In its aim to increase knowledge, to date EoE CONNECT has provided evidence on the effectiveness of first- and second-line therapies for EoE in clinical practice, the ability of proton pump inhibitors to induce disease remission, and factors associated with improved response. Drug effects to reverse fibrous remodeling and endoscopic features of fibrosis in EoE have also been assessed. Conclusion: This prospective registry study will provide important information on the epidemiological and clinical aspects of EoE and evidence as to the real-world and long-term effectiveness and safety of therapy. These data will potentially be a vital benchmark for planning future EoE health care services in Europe

Accurate and timely diagnosis of Eosinophilic Esophagitis improves over time in Europe. An analysis of the EoE CONNECT Registry

BACKGROUND: Poor adherence to clinical practice guidelines for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has been described and the diagnostic delay of the disease continues to be unacceptable in many settings. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of improved knowledge provided by the successive international clinical practice guidelines on reducing diagnostic delay and improving the diagnostic process for European patients with EoE. METHODS: Cross‐sectional analysis of the EoE CONNECT registry based on clinical practice. Time periods defined by the publication dates of four major sets of guidelines over 10 years were considered. Patients were grouped per time period according to date of symptom onset. RESULTS: Data from 1,132 patients was analyzed and median (IQR) diagnostic delay in the whole series was 2.1 (0.7‐6.2) years. This gradually decreased over time with subsequent release of new guidelines (p < 0.001), from 12.7 years up to 2007 to 0.7 years after 2017. The proportion of patients with stricturing of mixed phenotypes at the point of EoE diagnosis also decreased over time (41.3% vs. 16%; p < 0.001), as did EREFS scores. The fibrotic sub‐score decreased from a median (IQR) of 2 (1‐2) to 0 (0‐1) when patients whose symptoms started up to 2007 and after 2017 were compared (p < 0.001). In parallel, symptoms measured with the Dysphagia Symptoms Score reduced significantly when patients with symptoms starting before 2007 and after 2012 were compared. A reduction in the number of endoscopies patients underwent before the one that achieved an EoE diagnosis, and the use of allergy testing as part of the diagnostic workout of EoE, also reduced significantly over time (p = 0.010 and p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic work‐up of EoE patients improved substantially over time at the European sites contributing to EoE CONNECT, with a dramatic reduction in diagnostic delay

Sistema de inferencia difuso para la valoración de empresas

The objective of this research is to propose a tool based on diffuse logic that would allow its implementation in the valuation of companies, accepting the inclusion of non-quantitative variables and criteria that have not been included in said process. Initially, some of the main company valuation methodologies are explored, identifying the factors that have an impact on them. Then, they are established as supply for the tool proposed in this research work. Subsequently, the diffuse logic theoretical framework is presented, which is the basis of the mentioned tool. Then, the characteristics are established in diffuse terms of its own components, and several results are disclosed. The presented tool, apart from includingqualitative variables and supporting the investment decision-makingprocess, allows the follow-up of the management as it facilitates the measurement of the variations that some organizational decisions generate in the value of the company.El objetivo de esta investigación es proponer una herramienta basada en lógica difusa que permita implementarse en la valoración de empresas, admitiendo la inclusión de variables y criterios no cuantitativos en dicho proceso. Inicialmente, se exploran algunas de las principales metodologías de valoración de empresas, se identifican los factores que las impactan, y se establecen como insumo para la herramienta que propone esta investigación. Posteriormente, se presenta el marco teórico de lógica difusa y sobre el cual se sustenta la herramienta. Luego, se establecen lascaracterísticas en términos difusos de los componentes de la misma y se comparten algunos resultados. La herramienta presentada, además de incluir variables cualitativas y apoyar la toma de decisiones de inversión, permite el seguimiento a la gestión, ya que facilita medir las variaciones que algunas decisiones organizacionales generan en el valor de la empres