ELABORATION, ADOPTION OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF LATVIA AND DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTITUTIONALISM UNTIL 1940

The Constitution is the core of the existence of a democratic and judicial state. The aim of the research is to examine the constitutional development of Latvia from the proclamation of the Republic of Latvia in 1918 to the occupation of Latvia in 1940. In order to achieve it, the author analyzed the origins of the constitutional rights of the Republic of Latvia, described the history of composing the Constitution of the Republic of Latvia, including the essence and functioning of the Constitution until 1940. The main conclusion of the research is that during this historical period, the Constitution of the State of Latvia functioned continuously, independently of the fact that an authoritarian regime was established in 1934

Influencia del COVID-19 en la intención de viajar y hábitos turísticos de la generación millennial

En el año 2020 la pandemia por coronavirus ha afectado a todo el mundo dejando un impacto especialmente grave en la industria turística. Viajar en pandemia es posible, pero presenta sus riesgos y complicaciones, así como obliga al turista adaptarse a las nuevas circunstancias. Este trabajo estudia el cambio de los hábitos turísticos de millennials de la provincia de Alicante con la llegada del COVID-19. Se pretende describir y comparar el comportamiento turístico de la generación Y antes y durante de la pandemia; detectar problemas de mayor importancia relacionadas con el hecho de viajar en el nuevo escenario; investigar sobre las futuras intenciones a la hora de hacer turismo entre millennials; y rastrear las tendencias pasadas y nuevas en sus viajes. Asimismo, tras el análisis de los antecedentes y la investigación exploratoria y descriptiva, se consiguen los resultados que responden a los objetivos y permiten sacar sus consiguientes conclusiones

Distribution of responsibility areas in a construction company

As of today, a huge number of sales management tools in a construction company are developed. This article proposes the use of a summary matrix of responsibility areas with the distribution of tasks among participants. This matrix is based on the functional fields of each participant in the process. The article presents a practical example of a compiled matrix of distribution of responsibility areas for the Sales Department of the house-building company Snegiri LLC, which was successfully tested. One of the advantages of the proposed toolkit is the possibility of its use for any working group and structural division of a company in any industry

La administración pública en el contexto de la reflexión del nivel digital inno-vador moderno de desarrollo económico

El artículo analiza la interacción del Estado y la sociedad para lograr una idea innovadora basada en el pensamiento estratégico y la cultura, que determina la justicia en la sociedad, reconociendo su comporta-miento, y fundamenta la importancia de las tecnologías digitales innovadoras en una sociedad de neoin-formación. lo que determina a una persona como innovadora. La investigación muestra la necesidad de un pensamiento innovador entre los gerentes de diferentes niveles capaces de crear y gestionar el conocimiento innovador del personal, creando valores innovadores. Se propone un vector práctico de transición de la economía a un nivel de innovació

Estimating cost of using a rotation system when operating in rigorous climate regions

Basic cost estimation techniques concerning the use of a rotation system in operation consider particular characteristics of rigorous climate regions. By means of the offered recommendations the following indicators are defined: an average number of workers for operation; an amount of salary supplements; standard working hours for personnel on rotating assignments; equipment relocation costs, rotation camp maintenance and rotation worker transportation costs. In the situation when a building contractor has to prove camp accomplishment costs in details most road builders face the difficulties in cost sheet formation. The offered technique of cost estimation is approved at the road section being influenced by Arctic Extremes and confirmed its operational flexibility

La administración pública en el contexto de la reflexión del nivel digital inno-vador moderno de desarrollo económico

The article analyzes the state and society's interaction to achieve an innovative idea based on strategic thinking and culture, which determine justice in society, realize their behavior, and substantiate the importance of innovative digital technologies in a neo-information society determines a person as innovative. The research shows the necessity of innovative thinking among different-level managers able to create and manage innovative knowledge of personnel, creating innovative values. A practical vector of the transition of the economy to an innovation level is proposed.El artículo analiza la interacción del Estado y la sociedad para lograr una idea innovadora basada en el pensamiento estratégico y la cultura, que determina la justicia en la sociedad, reconociendo su comportamiento, y fundamenta la importancia de las tecnologías digitales innovadoras en una sociedad de neoinformación. lo que determina a una persona como innovadora. La investigación muestra la necesidad de un pensamiento innovador entre los gerentes de diferentes niveles capaces de crear y gestionar el conocimiento innovador del personal, creando valores innovadores. Se propone un vector práctico de transición de la economía a un nivel de innovación

Spin separation in cyclotron motion

Charged carriers with different spin states are spatially separated in a two-dimensional hole gas. Due to strong spin-orbit interaction holes at the Fermi energy have different momenta for two possible spin states travelling in the same direction and, correspondingly, different cyclotron orbits in a weak magnetic field. Two point contacts, acting as a monochromatic source of ballistic holes and a narrow detector in the magnetic focusing geometry are demonstrated to work as a tunable spin filter.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Efficiency of using SNP markers in the <i>MSTN</i> gene in the selection of the Pushkin breed chickens

In the poultry industry, indicators reflecting the growth rate of young stock and the exterior characteristics of chickens are important benchmarks for breeding. Traditional selection based on phenotypic evaluation is characterized by low efficiency with a low character inheritance ratio and is difficult to apply in small groups of animals and birds bred in bioresource collections. The use of molecular genetic markers associated with economically important traits makes it possible to carry out early selection of birds. This entails an increase in the profitability of the poultry industry. Recently, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have served as convenient markers for selection purposes. For five generations (P1–P5), an experimental selection of hens of the Pushkin breed was carried out for live weight. It was based on selection for single nucleotide polymorphism rs313744840 in the MSTN gene. As a result, a significant increase in the frequency of allele A in this gene, from 0.11 to 0.50, took place. The association of SNP markers with meat qualities in the experimental group led to changes in the exterior profile of an adult bird at 330 days of age. The individuals with the AA and AG genotypes had the greatest live weight and longest body. As a result of selection, the bird on average became larger due to an increase in the number of heterozygous individuals with long bodies and large chest girths. The depth of the chest and the width of the pelvis increased due to an increase in the frequency of allele A in the experimental population. A tendency towards an increase in these indicators with the substitution of G with A in the genotype was found. Saturation of the population with desirable alleles led to an increase in the average live weight of the chickens. Analysis of the exterior parameters of adult birds showed that this growth is achieved by increasing the depth and volume of the bird body, and not by increasing the length of the limbs. Thus, marker selection carried out for five generations in the experimental population of Pushkin breed chickens to increase body weight has reliably (p &lt; 0.001) changed the exterior profile of adult birds

The Foundations of the Development of Technologies of the Synthesis of Radiopharmaceuticals

The selection of precursors (for example chelating agents) and development of a technique of chemical modification of the target molecules retaining its ability to bind to specific receptors are very important in the synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals. As some important precursors for target radiopharmaceuticals omega-iodo-aliphatic carboxylic acids and their esters can be used. We have developed an environmentally safe process for producing omega-iodoaliphatic carboxylic acids and their esters of the available, inexpensive and low toxic aliphatic cyclic ketones. We proposed a new method for the synthesis of the chelating agents omega-thia- or (bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)- aliphatic carboxylic acids (chelate 1 and chelate 2), which was caused by the existing disadvantages in the existing methods. Thus, based on our method the precursors (chelates) with yield of over 70-90% on the final stage were synthesized, and then the high effectiveness in producing target radiopharmaceuticals using different biomolecules was showed. 99mTc-chelates complexes were prepared with radiochemical purity >91% and found to be stable at room temperature for six hours

Genetic variability in local and imported germplasm chicken populations as revealed by analyzing runs of homozygosity

Simple Summary To maintain the uniqueness of conserved chicken populations of local and imported breeds is of great importance. In this study, we genotyped small populations belonging to 14 breeds and 7 crossbreds using an Illumina Chicken 60K SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) BeadChip and looked for appropriate methods to characterize their purity/variability. It was not straightforward to identify crossbred individuals, and the best approach was based on calculating the length and number of homozygous regions, or runs of homozygosity (ROH), in the populations studied. The latter enabled most accurate identification of crossbreds and can be served as an effective tool in testing genome-wide purity of chicken breeds. Abstract Preserving breed uniqueness and purity is vitally important in developing conservation/breeding programs for a germplasm collection of rare and endangered chicken breeds. The present study was aimed at analyzing SNP genetic variability of 21 small local and imported purebred and F1 crossbred populations and identifying crossbreeding events via whole-genome evaluation of runs of homozygosity (ROH). The admixture models more efficiently reflected population structure, pinpointing crossbreeding events in the presence of ancestral populations but not in their absence. Multidimensional scaling and FST-based analyses did not discriminate properly between purebred populations and F1 crossbreds, especially when comparing related breeds. When applying the ROH-based approach, more and longer ROHs were revealed in purebred individuals/populations, suggesting this as an effective implement in genome-wide analysis of germplasm breed purity