Faktorer som påvirker trivsel og motivasjon : en kvalitativ studie av ansatte i Vaksdal kommune

Bacheloroppgave i Organisasjon- og ledelsesfag, 2010Norsk: Sykefravær er noe alle organisasjoner er opptatt av, da det handler om både økonomi og hvordan ta vare på menneskene i organisasjonen. Menneskene er den viktigste ressursen til en organisasjon, og utfordringen er da hvordan man kan best ta vare på individene i en organisasjon. I det senere år har det vert en økning i sykefraværet som kan være knyttet til forhold på arbeidsplassen. Problemstillingen for oppgaven er: "Hvilke kriterier ligger til grunn for det lave sykefraværet i Vaksdal Kommune?" I denne oppgaven er ønsket å gå i dybden av temaet, dette er gjort gjennom en kvalitativ tilnærming med vekt på intervju som data innsamlingsmetode. Gjennom studiet organisasjon og ledelse er en blitt kjent med at forhold ved selve jobben kan ha stor innvirking på arbeidssituasjonen og trivsel i jobben I oppgaven diskuteres ulike teorier som kan bidra med å forklare hvilke egenskaper ved selve jobben som påvirker motivasjonen og trivselen til arbeidstakere. Arbeidsmiljø og betydningen for å være der for beboerne er noen av forholdene som gjør at de ansatte trives i Vaksdal Kommune.English: Sickness is something that all organizations are concerned about, when it comes to both economics and how to take care ofthe people in the organization. Humans are the most important resource to an organization, and the challenge is then how best to care for individuals in an organization. In recent years, there has been an inerease in sick leave that may be related to factors in the workplace. The question asked in the paper: "What factors lay in the reason for the low sick leave in Vaksdal Kommune?" The paper intends to go in depth in the subject, this is done by a qualatative apporach with personal intervjues as the main data gathering method. Tlu-ough the study of Organization and Leadership one gets to know the relations conceming actual work can have great impact on the work situation and professionalwell beeing. In this paper severaI theories are diseussed that can contribute with explaining properties regarding working that might affect motivation and professional well beeing for employees. Working environment and professional pride directed towards the inhabitants are some of the conditions that make the well beeing of the employees in Vaksdal Kommune

Attestasjon av klimagassinformasjon: En studie av attestasjonspraksisen ved klimagassinformasjon hos de fem store revisjonsselskapene i Norge

De siste årene har vi sett en stor økning i antall selskaper som utsteder bærekraftsrapporter, hvilket nesten alltid inneholder et estimat av selskapets klimagassutslipp. Et selskaps klimagassutslipp anses å være en viktig del av rapporten, grunnet fremvoksende bekymringer rundt klimaendringer og Norges lovfestede mål om å bli et lavutslippssamfunn. Til tross for økende interesse for bærekraftig utvikling og rapportering av bærekraftsinformasjon viser tidligere forskning at kvaliteten på rapporteringen er lav. Ekstern attestasjon er en foreslått måte å takle utfordringer relatert til bærekraftsrapportering, og kan styrke påliteligheten og troverdigheten til informasjonen som gis. Attestasjon av bærekraftsinformasjon er derimot frivillig, og fraværet av en generell enhetlig attestasjonsstandard for bærekraftsattestasjon fører til store variasjoner i attestasjonspraksisen på tvers av tilbyderne av disse tjenestene. Formålet med masteroppgaven er å undersøke attestasjonspraksisen av klimagassinformasjon i de fem store revisjonsselskapene i Norge. Dette undersøkes gjennom tre forskningsspørsmål som tar for seg etablerte rutiner, valg av attestasjonsstandard og innhenting av bevis. Forskningsspørsmålene er utarbeidet med bakgrunn i manglende forskning på området og et ønske og behov for innsikt i prosessen. For å besvare spørsmålene er det gjennomført en kvalitativ intervjustudie med et utforskende formål. Datagrunnlaget er innhentet gjennom semistrukturerte intervjuer med representanter fra selskapene. Vi har gjennom analyse av studiens empiriske funn observert flere interessante funn. Studien finner flere likhetstrekk på tvers av selskapene vedrørende etablerte rutiner og metodikker for attestasjon av klimagassinformasjon. Likhetstrekkene inkluderer blant annet rutiner for aksept av oppdrag, sammensetning av oppdragsteam, bruk av eksperter og fastsettelse av sikkerhetsnivå. Det avdekkes imidlertid enkelte forskjeller vedrørende innhenting av bevis og bruk av attestasjonsstandard, hvilket funn antyder kan være et resultat av varierende kompetanse og erfaring med klimagassattestasjon. Avslutningsvis presenteres en revidert modell for attestasjonsprosessen. Modellen er utarbeidet basert på studiens funn, tilhørende drøftelse og konklusjon.nhhma

Selective feeding on jellyfish organs by Northern Fulmars Fulmarus glacialis

Several marine animals prey extensively on jellyfish in spite of the low energy contents of this type of prey. Northern Fulmars Fulmarus glacialis observed in the Barents Sea feeding on medusae of lion’s mane jellies Cyanea capillata fed from the underside of the jellyfish, eagerly ingesting gonadal tissue as well as oral arms and tentacles, while the gelatinous tissue of the umbrella apparently was neglected by the birds. Gonads, arms and tentacles have about five times higher energetic contents than the tissue of the bell, approaching that of some species of fish. Aggressive defence of their prey and a continued feeding on jellyfish in the presence of discarded fish offal indicated jellyfish to be more than a second choice food for Northern Fulmars. The observations clearly showed that the Fulmars did not primarily feed on organisms associated with jellyfish. Their abundance and slow swimming make jellyfish an easily available prey. Scyphozoan cnidarians may be more important to pelagic seabirds than generally thought

Age class composition and growth of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the shallow water zone of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard

Although Atlantic cod has been observed in Svalbard waters since the 1880s, knowledge about the presence in the Arctic shallow water zone is limited. The regular catch of juvenile Atlantic cod in Kongsfjorden since 2008 is in line with an overall northward shift of boreal fish species toward the Arctic. This is the first study showing the age class composition, growth rates, and stomach content of Atlantic cod in the shallow water zone of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. From 2012 to 2014 a total of 721 specimens were sampled in 3 to 12 m water depth. The primary age classes were identified as 0+, 1+, and 2+ using otolith age analysis. The different cohorts of these specimens show stable growth rates during the polar day and night. By stomach content analysis, we show that these specimens primarily feed on benthic food sources. These observations support the assumption that the shallow water zone of Kongsfjorden is likely to be a nursery ground for Atlantic cod.publishedVersio

Age class composition and growth of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the shallow water zone of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard

Although Atlantic cod has been observed in Svalbard waters since the 1880s, knowledge about the presence in the Arctic shallow water zone is limited. The regular catch of juvenile Atlantic cod in Kongs orden since 2008 is in line with an overall northward shift of boreal fish species toward the Arctic. This is the first study showing the age class composition, growth rates, and stomach content of Atlantic cod in the shallow water zone of Kongs orden, Svalbard. From 2012 to 2014 a total of 721 specimens were sampled in 3 to 12 m water depth. The primary age classes were identified as 0+, 1+, and 2+using otolith age analysis. The diferent cohorts of these specimens show stable growth rates during the polar day and night. By stomach content analysis, we show that these specimens primarily feed on benthic food sources. These observations support the assumption that the shallow water zone of Kongs orden is likely to be a nursery ground for Atlantic cod

Public acceptance of CCS/CCUS technology in onshore areas in NW Poland

The research is a part of the AGaStor project realized in AGH-UST and University of Stavanger. The aim of the paper is to present social aspects of the developing the CCS/US technology in Poland described as social awareness (SA) and public acceptance (PA). The main research questions of the CCS/US PA concentrates on knowledge, acceptance of the technology, risks and benefits, the existence of NIMBY movements [1]. The quantitative method of analysis of CCS PA is a survey method. The most of the former research was realized only in small communities [2, 3]. The AGaStor research describes the mezzo-social level of the CCS/US PA. The randomized sample (N= 695) was made in Zachodniopomorskie region (West-North Poland) in 2021. It allows to recognize differences of the level of CCS/US PA in different in that part of Poland. The main variables which influence CCS/US PA are: place of living, education, economic situations and general worldview of the respondents. The results show the correlation between place of living and CCS PA (higher PA in big cities); education with CCS SA (higher declarations of knowledge and SA by well educated people); NIMBY potential in villages and small towns, and the pro-technological worldview with the CCS PA. The research points that the main social obstacle is the lack of knowledge about the CCS/US technology. Even respondents who declare the general acceptation of new technologies in energy production are ambivalent towards acceptance of CCS/US

Enabling a just energy transition through solidarity in research

A just energy transition is as much about acknowledging and acting on the socio-material needs of marginalised classes and groups as about informing inclusive and deliberative policy-making towards more equitable energy futures. In democracies, energy social scientists hold a privileged position and special responsibility to do both, thus offering critical support to decision-makers and practitioners. We articulate the challenges and opportunities for energy social scientists to embody solidarity in their research orientation and practices. First, we articulate the need to repoliticise, redemocratise, and negotiate a multiplicity of energy transitions. This includes recognising and engaging with multiple scales and contexts of marginality, repoliticising energy transitions, and addressing contestation and negotiation. Then, we argue that by embracing solidarity in research, energy social scientists can meet these needs in a holistic manner. We provide three principles through which social scientists can embrace solidarity to move energy research towards enhancing just transitions. These include (i) taking direct action and relating in solidarity, (ii) recognising responsibilities and limitations of energy social scientists, and (iii) nurturing a political realist culture of solidarity. In espousing these principles, we articulate solidarity as integral to pragmatic research practices in the face of urgency and rapid energy transitions.publishedVersio

Følgeevaluering av et distriktspolitisk eksperiment: Utkantsatsingen

Denne rapporten er en kortversjon av følgeevalueringen om Utkantsatsingen. Fokus i rapporten er prosessen i satsingen, slik vi, som evaluator, har observert den. Rapporten er skrevet kort og med lite referanser til teori. Vi har brukt to teoretiske perspektiver som er rapportens røde tråd; læring og makt. Rapporten er bygd rundt disse to perspektivene, med vekt på å beskrive helheten i satsingen og få frem de viktigste erfaringene. For de som er interessert i mer om evalueringen av Utkantprogrammet og vårt teoretiske perspektiv, viser vi til hovedrapporten fra programmet og til de tidligere rapportene fra satsingen. For de som er ute etter detaljer omkring enkeltelementer i satsingen, viser vi til materiale som er utgitt av Kommunal- og regionaldepartementet (KRD)

An analysis of prehospital critical care events and management patterns from 97 539 emergency helicopter medical service missions : A retrospective registry-based study

BACKGROUND It is largely unknown how often physicians in emergency helicopter medical services (HEMS) encounter various critical care events and if HEMS exposure is associated with particular practice patterns or outcomes. OBJECTIVES This study aimed: to describe the frequency and distribution of critical care events; to investigate whether HEMS exposure is associated with differences in practice patterns and determine if HEMS exposure factors are associated with mortality. DESIGN A retrospective registry-based study. SETTING Physician-staffed HEMS in Finland between January 2012 and August 2019. PARTICIPANTS Ninety-four physicians who worked at least 6 months in the HEMS during the study period. Physicians with undeterminable HEMS exposure were excluded from practice pattern comparisons and mortality analysis, leaving 80 physicians. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure was a physician's average annual frequencies for operational events and clinical interventions. Our secondary outcomes were the proportion of missions cancelled or denied, time onsite (OST) and proportion of unconscious patients intubated. Our tertiary outcome was adjusted 30-day mortality of patients. RESULTS The physicians encountered 62 [33 to 98], escorted 31 [17 to 41] and transported by helicopter 2.1 [1.3 to 3.5] patients annually, given as median [interquartile range; IQR]. Rapid sequence intubation was performed 11 [6.2 to 16] times per year. Physicians were involved in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) 10 [5.9 to 14] and postresuscitation care 5.5 [3.1 to 8.1] times per year. Physicians with longer patient intervals had shorter times onsite. Proportionally, they cancelled more missions and intubated fewer unconscious patients. A short patient interval [odds ratio (OR); 95% confidence interval (CI)] was associated with decreased mortality (0.87; 95% CI, 0.76 to1.00), whereas no association was observed between mortality and HEMS career length. CONCLUSION Prehospital exposure is distributed unevenly, and some physicians receive limited exposure to prehospital critical care. This seems to be associated with differences in practice patterns. Rare HEMS patient contacts may be associated with increased mortality.Peer reviewe