19,872 research outputs found
Millimetric Astronomy from the High Antarctic Plateau: site testing at Dome C
Preliminary site testing at Dome C (Antarctica) is presented, using both
Automatic Weather Station (AWS) meteorological data (1986-1993) and
Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) measurements made by the authors. A comparison
with South Pole and other sites is made. The South Pole is a well established
astrophysical observing site, where extremely good conditions are reported for
a large fraction of time during the year. Dome C, where Italy and France are
building a new scientific station, is a potential observing site in the
millimetric and sub-millimetric range. AWS are operating at both sites and they
have been continuously monitoring temperature, pressure, wind speed and
direction for more than ten years. Site testing instruments are already
operating at the South Pole (AASTO, Automated Astrophysical Site-Testing
Observatory), while ''light'' experiments have been running at Dome C (APACHE,
Antarctic Plateau Anisotropy CHasing Experiment) during summertime. A direct
comparison between the two sites is planned in the near future, using the
AASTO. The present analysis shows that the average wind speed is lower at Dome
C (~1 m/s) than at the South Pole (~2 m/s), while temperature and PWV are
comparable.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, se also http://www.atnf.csiro.au/pasa/16_2
AAOmega spectroscopy of 29 351 stars in fields centered on ten Galactic globular clusters
Galactic globular clusters have been pivotal in our understanding of many
astrophysical phenomena. Here we publish the extracted stellar parameters from
a recent large spectroscopic survey of ten globular clusters. A brief review of
the project is also presented. Stellar parameters have been extracted from
individual stellar spectra using both a modified version of the Radial Velocity
Experiment (RAVE) pipeline and a pipeline based on the parameter estimation
method of RAVE. We publish here all parameters extracted from both pipelines.
We calibrate the metallicity and convert this to [Fe/H] for each star and,
furthermore, we compare the velocities and velocity dispersions of the Galactic
stars in each field to the Besan\c{c}on Galaxy model. We find that the model
does not correspond well with the data, indicating that the model is probably
of little use for comparisons with pencil beam survey data such as this.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A. Data
described in tables will be available on CDS (at
http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/530/A31) once publishe
Space shuttle: Determination of the static stability characteristics of the 0.00285-scale MDAC parallel burn launch configuration
Aerodynamic force and moment coefficient data for parallel burn vehicle launch configurations tested in trisonic wind tunnel for static stabilit
Platinum(II) phosphonate complexes derived from endo-8-camphanylphosphonic acid
The reactions of cis-[PtClâLâ] [L = PPhâ, PMeâPh or Lâ = PhâP(CHâ)âPPhâ (dppe)] with endo-8-camphanylphosphonic acid (CamPOâHâ) and AgâO in refluxing dichloromethane gave platinum(II) phosphonate complexes [Pt(OâPCam)Lâ]. The X-ray crystal structure of [Pt(OâPCam)(PPhâ)â]âąâCHClâ shows that the bulky camphanyl group, rather than being directed away from the platinum, is instead directed into a pocket formed by the Pt and the two PPhâ ligands. This allows the OâPâCHâ group to have a preferred staggered conformation. The complexes were studied in detail by NMR spectroscopy, which demonstrates non-fluxional behaviour for the sterically bulky PPhâ and dppe derivatives, which contain inequivalent phosphine ligands in their ÂłÂčP NMR spectra. These findings are backed up by theoretical calculations on the PPhâ and PPhMeâ derivatives, which show, respectively, high and low energy barriers to rotation of the camphanyl group in the PPhâ and PPhMeâ complexes. The X-ray crystal structure of CamPOâHâ is also reported, and consists of hydrogen-bonded hexameric aggregates, which assemble to form a columnar structure containing hydrophilic phosphonic acid channels surrounded by a sheath of bulky, hydrophobic camphanyl groups
Composite Scalars at LEP: Constraining Technicolor Theories
LEPI and LEPII data can be used to constrain technicolor models with light,
neutral pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons, Pa. We use published limits on branching
ratios and cross sections for final states with photons, large missing energy,
jet pairs, and b bbar pairs to constrain the anomalous Pa Z0 Z0, Pa Z0 photon,
and Pa photon photon couplings. From these results, we derive bounds on the
size of the technicolor gauge group and the number of technifermion doublets in
models such as Low-scale Technicolor.Comment: 27 pages (including title page), 15 figures, 6 tables. version 2: In
addressing PRD referee comments, we have significantly expanded our
manuscript, to include detailed discussion of limits from LEP II data, as
well as expanding the number or specific models to which we apply our
results. As a result, we have changed the title from "Z0 decays to composite
scalars: constraining technicolor theories
Pseudo-Goldstone Boson Effects in Top-Antitop Productions at High Energy Hadron Colliders and Testing Technicolor Models
We study the top quark pair production process p+p(anti-p)-->top+antitop in
various kinds of technicolor (TC) models at the Fermilab Tevatron Run II and
the CERN LHC. The s-channel neutral pseudo-Goldstone bosons (PGB's) contribute
dominately to the production amplitudes from its coupling to the gluons through
the triangle loops of techniquarks and the top quark. Cross sections in
different TC models with s-channel PGB contributions are calculated. It is
shown that the PGB effects can be experimentally tested and different TC models
under consideration can be distinguished at the LHC. Therefore, the
p+p-->top+antitop process at the LHC provides feasible tests of the TC models.Comment: 10 pages in RevTex and 4 PS-files for the figures. Paramemter range
is changed, and some references are added. Version for publication in Phys.
Rev.
Exploring the Cosmic Evolution of Habitability with Galaxy Merger Trees
We combine inferred galaxy properties from a semi-analytic galaxy evolution
model incorporating dark matter halo merger trees with new estimates of
supernova and gamma ray burst rates as a function of metallicity from stellar
population synthesis models incorporating binary interactions. We use these to
explore the stellar mass fraction of galaxies irradiated by energetic
astrophysical transients and its evolution over cosmic time, and thus the
fraction which is potentially habitable by life like our own. We find that 18
per cent of the stellar mass in the Universe is likely to have been irradiated
within the last 260 Myr, with GRBs dominating that fraction. We do not see a
strong dependence of irradiated stellar mass fraction on stellar mass or
richness of the galaxy environment. We consider a representative merger tree as
a Local Group analogue, and find that there are galaxies at all masses which
have retained a high habitable fraction (>40 per cent) over the last 6 Gyr, but
also that there are galaxies at all masses where the merger history and
associated star formation have rendered galaxies effectively uninhabitable.
This illustrates the need to consider detailed merger trees when evaluating the
cosmic evolution of habitability.Comment: 11 page, 10 figures. MNRAS accepted 13th Dec 2017. Updated to match
accepted version, with additional discussion of metallicity effect
Probing neutral top-pion via a flavor-changing process
In the framework of topcolor-assisted-technicolor model(TC2), we study a
flavor-changing neutral top-pion production process . The study shows that there exists a resonance effect
which can enhance the cross section up to a few fb even tens fb. For a yearly
luminosity 100 at future linear colliders, there might be hundreds
even thousands events to be produced. On the other hand, the background of such
flavor-changing process is very clean due to the GIM mechanism in SM . With
such sufficient events and clean background, neutral toppion could be detected
at future linear colliders with high center of energy and luminosity. Our study
provides a possible way to test TC2 model.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures,has been accepted by Phys.Rev.
Anchors for the Cosmic Distance Scale: the Cepheids U Sgr, CF Cas and CEab Cas
New and existing X-ray, UBVJHKsW(1-4), and spectroscopic observations were
analyzed to constrain fundamental parameters for M25, NGC 7790, and dust along
their sight-lines. The star clusters are of particular importance given they
host the classical Cepheids U Sgr, CF Cas, and the visual binary Cepheids CEa
and CEb Cas. Precise results from the multiband analysis, in tandem with a
comprehensive determination of the Cepheids' period evolution (dP/dt) from ~140
years of observations, helped resolve concerns raised regarding the clusters
and their key Cepheid constituents. Specifically, distances derived for members
of M25 and NGC 7790 are 630+-25 pc and 3.40+-0.15 kpc, respectively.Comment: To appear in Astronomy and Astrophysic
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