22 research outputs found
Sun's retrograde motion and violation of even-odd cycle rule in sunspot activity
The sum of sunspots number over an odd numbered 11 yr sunspot cycle exceeds
that of its preceding even numbered cycle, and it is well known as Gnevyshev
and Ohl rule (or G--O rule) after the names of the authors who discovered it in
1948. The G--O rule can be used to predict the sum of sunspot numbers of a
forthcoming odd cycle from that of its preceding even cycle. But this is not
always possible because occasionally the G--O rule is violated. So far no
plausible reason is known either for the G--O rule or the violation of this
rule. Here we showed the epochs of the violation of the G--O rule are close to
the epochs of the Sun's retrograde orbital motion about the centre of mass of
the solar system (i.e., the epochs at which the orbital angular momentum of the
Sun is weakly negative). Using this result easy to predict the epochs of
violation of the G--O rule well in advance. We also showed that the solar
equatorial rotation rate determined from sunspot group data during the period
1879--2004 is correlated/anti-correlated to the Sun's orbital torque during
before/after 1945. We have found the existence of a statistically significant
17 yr periodicity in the solar equatorial rotation rate. The
implications of these findings for understanding the mechanism behind the solar
cycle and the solar-terrestrial relationship are discussed.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted by MNRA
Cervical arthroplasty with ROTAIO® cervical disc prosthesis: first clinical and radiographic outcome analysis in a multicenter prospective trial
Complications in cervical arthroplasty: results of a two-year follow-up on patients with the PCM® (1) Disc prosthesis
Complications in cervical arthroplasty: results of a two-year follow-up on patients with the PCM® (1) Disc prosthesis
Resurrecting Siyar Through Fatwas? (Re) Constructing ‘Islamic International Law’ in a Post-(Iraq) Invasion World
This article seeks to explore the impact of the Iraq war on Siyar or ‘Islamic international law’ from a range of Muslim perspectives by raising some critical questions and addressing these through the lens of a selection of Fatwas solicited by Muslims from a range of countries and continents, on the Iraq war and its implications for popular understandings of Siyar and Jihad. This article suggests that the Iraq war presents an opportunity to revisit and potentially revive historical Siyar pronouncements of a dichotomous world, i.e. dar-al-harb and dar-al-Islam. I argue that in so doing, this discourse has invigorated the notions of a universal Ummah within the normative framework of Siyar hitherto marginalized by ascendancy of the nation state, international organizations and contemporary Muslim state practice. Finally, I argue that a wider Internet access to Muslim communities in the global South has facilitated a modified institution of ifta to reflect popular understandings of Siyar and Jihad and influence its reformulation in the backdrop of the Iraq war