A Bill of Rights for the Child

Are you acquainted with the Twentieth Century Child? Can you describe his physical, mental and social characteristics and promises? Can you foretell the future in terms of the present? Ellen Key has said that this is a century of the child. A Boston physician doing research work and child welfare says that there is no neglected age of childhood any more, altho he does admit that our interest in the pre-school child is greater than our knowledge of what ought to be done. Have we done all that we can for childhood? Are the above statements actually true? Are you willing to place Uncle Sam\u27s child beside the children of other countries? Is our splendid commonwealth spending the right proportion of wealth in conserving childhood

The Iowa Homemaker vol.5, no.3-4

Table of Contents Child Study a Part of Homemaking Education by Lulu Lancaster, page 1 A Morning With the Children by Lydia Swanson, page 2 Artificial Feeding by Elizabeth Oldham, page 3 Grade Crossing in Child Life by Dr. Thomas Vance, page 4 Strawberry Days by Arthula Merritt, page 5 An Iowa Home by R. H. Eolbrook, page 5 4-H Page, page 6 With Iowa State Home Economics Association, page 7 Who’s There and Where by Katheryne McCarney, page 8 Editorial, page 9 The Eternal Question, page 10 Toy Making in the Home by Margaret Erickson, page 11 Hot Weather – Cool Food by Louise Corsaut, page 1

The Iowa Homemaker vol.4, no.1

Table of Contents The Why of College Training for Motherhood by Lula R. Lancaster, page 3 Does Your Education Stop When You See a French Menu Card? by Katherine Goeppinger, page 4 April Showers by Ada Hayden, page 5 Better Homes by James Ford, page 6 All Is Not Silk That Rustles by Hazel B. McKibben, page 6 Make Your Own Bias Tape by Helen M. Green, page 7 Rejuvenating Our Homes by Lulu Robinson, page 8 Moronitis by H. B. Hawthorn, page 9 Unit Kitchens by Florence Busse, page 10 The Physically Fit Family by Grace Heidbreder, page 11 Early Spring Markets by Marvel Secor, page 11 Who’s There and Where by Dryden Quist, page 12 Editorial, page 13 The Eternal Question, page 14 Homemaker as Citizen, page 15 That Something Different by Rhea Fern Shultz, page 1

The Iowa Homemaker vol.3, no.12

Table of Contents A Greeting to Iowa Homemakers by Dr. Louise Stanley, page 3 A New Book on “Meal Planning and Table Service” by Florence E. Busse, page 4 A Bill of Rights for the Child by Lulu R. Lancaster, page 4 Shrubs as a Garden Background by Juanita Beard, page 5 ‘Tis Egg Time Again by Beth Bailey McLean, page 6 The New Domestic System by Claude L. Benner, page 7 A Time Budget for the Homemaker by Ruth M. Lindquist, page 8 Figures That Do Not Lie by Mae L. Kelley, page 9 The Cooking of Meats by P. Mabel Nelson, page 10 The Psychology of Clothing by Eveleth Pedersen, page 11 Iowa State Women in Rural Schools by W. H. Lancelot, page 12 A Yarn about Yarns by Irene Christian, page 13 Tea Room Accounting by George M. Fuller, page 14 Who’s There and Where by Dryden Quist, page 15 Editorial, page 16 Homemaker as Citizen, page 17 The Eternal Question, page 18 Mrs. Purchaser Chooses Upholstery by Lucile Barta, page 1

The Iowa Homemaker vol.5, no.3-4

Table of Contents Child Study a Part of Homemaking Education by Lulu Lancaster, page 1 A Morning With the Children by Lydia Swanson, page 2 Artificial Feeding by Elizabeth Oldham, page 3 Grade Crossing in Child Life by Dr. Thomas Vance, page 4 Strawberry Days by Arthula Merritt, page 5 An Iowa Home by R. H. Eolbrook, page 5 4-H Page, page 6 With Iowa State Home Economics Association, page 7 Who’s There and Where by Katheryne McCarney, page 8 Editorial, page 9 The Eternal Question, page 10 Toy Making in the Home by Margaret Erickson, page 11 Hot Weather – Cool Food by Louise Corsaut, page 12</p

The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery: a prospective observational cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis

© 2017 British Journal of Anaesthesia Background: The surgical safety checklist is widely used to improve the quality of perioperative care. However, clinicians continue to debate the clinical effectiveness of this tool. Methods: Prospective analysis of data from the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), an international observational study of elective in-patient surgery, accompanied by a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. The exposure was surgical safety checklist use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was postoperative complications. In the ISOS cohort, a multivariable multi-level generalized linear model was used to test associations. To further contextualise these findings, we included the results from the ISOS cohort in a meta-analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: We included 44 814 patients from 497 hospitals in 27 countries in the ISOS analysis. There were 40 245 (89.8%) patients exposed to the checklist, whilst 7508 (16.8%) sustained ≥1 postoperative complications and 207 (0.5%) died before hospital discharge. Checklist exposure was associated with reduced mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.49 (0.32–0.77); P\u3c0.01], but no difference in complication rates [OR 1.02 (0.88–1.19); P=0.75]. In a systematic review, we screened 3732 records and identified 11 eligible studies of 453 292 patients including the ISOS cohort. Checklist exposure was associated with both reduced postoperative mortality [OR 0.75 (0.62–0.92); P\u3c0.01; I2=87%] and reduced complication rates [OR 0.73 (0.61–0.88); P\u3c0.01; I2=89%). Conclusions: Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine

Prospective observational cohort study on grading the severity of postoperative complications in global surgery research

Background The Clavien–Dindo classification is perhaps the most widely used approach for reporting postoperative complications in clinical trials. This system classifies complication severity by the treatment provided. However, it is unclear whether the Clavien–Dindo system can be used internationally in studies across differing healthcare systems in high- (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This was a secondary analysis of the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), a prospective observational cohort study of elective surgery in adults. Data collection occurred over a 7-day period. Severity of complications was graded using Clavien–Dindo and the simpler ISOS grading (mild, moderate or severe, based on guided investigator judgement). Severity grading was compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data are presented as frequencies and ICC values (with 95 per cent c.i.). The analysis was stratified by income status of the country, comparing HICs with LMICs. Results A total of 44 814 patients were recruited from 474 hospitals in 27 countries (19 HICs and 8 LMICs). Some 7508 patients (16·8 per cent) experienced at least one postoperative complication, equivalent to 11 664 complications in total. Using the ISOS classification, 5504 of 11 664 complications (47·2 per cent) were graded as mild, 4244 (36·4 per cent) as moderate and 1916 (16·4 per cent) as severe. Using Clavien–Dindo, 6781 of 11 664 complications (58·1 per cent) were graded as I or II, 1740 (14·9 per cent) as III, 2408 (20·6 per cent) as IV and 735 (6·3 per cent) as V. Agreement between classification systems was poor overall (ICC 0·41, 95 per cent c.i. 0·20 to 0·55), and in LMICs (ICC 0·23, 0·05 to 0·38) and HICs (ICC 0·46, 0·25 to 0·59). Conclusion Caution is recommended when using a treatment approach to grade complications in global surgery studies, as this may introduce bias unintentionally

Critical care admission following elective surgery was not associated with survival benefit: prospective analysis of data from 27 countries

This was an investigator initiated study funded by Nestle Health Sciences through an unrestricted research grant, and by a National Institute for Health Research (UK) Professorship held by RP. The study was sponsored by Queen Mary University of London