Dielectric Characterization of Materials at 5G mm-Wave Frequencies

The development of the next-generation 5G wireless networks depends critically on the engineering of optimized high-frequency devices, employing dielectric materials. This work presents a comprehensive broadband dielectric characterization of polymers, ceramics and glasses from 5 GHz until 115 GHz.Various measurement techniques including split-post, split cavity, open resonator and free-space transmission are utilized to obtain wideband spectra. The frequency-dependent permittivity and losstangent are analyzed to identify suitable candidate materials exhibiting minimal dispersion and loss in the 5G millimeter-wave bands. The characterization reveals almost constant permittivity and a loss tangent that increases linearly with the frequency

Novel Glass Material with Low Loss and Permittivity for 5G/6G Integrated Circuits

A new borosilicate glass with lower loss and permittivity than any commercial glass has been proposed in this contribution as a substrate or interposer for mm-wave and THz integrated electronics. The glass is composed of a microstructure enclosing high-purity boron rich areas and silicon rich areas. This phase-separated areas are several orders of magnitude smaller than the wavelength at 1 THz

Марганецсодержащие катализаторы переработки попутных нефтяных газов в олефины

Рассмотрены варианты процессов переработки попутных нефтяных газов в жидкие углеводородные топлива. Изучены окислительные превращения С1-С4-углеводородов в олефины на оксидных марганецсодержащих катализаторах в периодическом режиме. Перспективным направлением переработки попутного нефтяного газа можно считать двухстадийный процесс: первая стадия - синтез олефинов из С1-С4-углеводородов; вторая - конверсия непредельных углеводородов в моторные топлива

Converse flexoelectric coefficient f(1212) in bulk Ba0.67Sr0.33TiO3

Enhanced flexoelectricity in perovskite ceramics and single crystals has been reported before. In this letter, 3-3 ceramic-ceramic Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3/Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 composite with a colossal permittivity was employed in the conventional pure bending experiment in order to examine the transverse flexoelectric response. The measured flexoelectric coefficient at 30 Hz is 128 μC/m and varies to 16 μC/m with the frequency increasing from 30 Hz to 120 Hz, mainly due to the inverse correlation between the permittivity and the frequency. This result reveals the permittivity dependence of flexoelectric coefficient in the frequency dispersion materials, suggesting that the giant permittivity composites can be good flexoelectric materials

Advanced modeling and simulation to design and manufacture high performance and reliable advanced microelectronics and microsystems.

An interdisciplinary team of scientists and engineers having broad expertise in materials processing and properties, materials characterization, and computational mechanics was assembled to develop science-based modeling/simulation technology to design and reproducibly manufacture high performance and reliable, complex microelectronics and microsystems. The team's efforts focused on defining and developing a science-based infrastructure to enable predictive compaction, sintering, stress, and thermomechanical modeling in ''real systems'', including: (1) developing techniques to and determining materials properties and constitutive behavior required for modeling; (2) developing new, improved/updated models and modeling capabilities, (3) ensuring that models are representative of the physical phenomena being simulated; and (4) assessing existing modeling capabilities to identify advances necessary to facilitate the practical application of Sandia's predictive modeling technology

Overview of Spirit Microscopic Imager Results

This paper provides an overview of Mars Exploration Rover Spirit Microscopic Imager (MI) operations and the calibration, processing, and analysis of MI data. The focus of this overview is on the last five Earth years (2005-2010) of Spirit's mission in Gusev crater, supplementing the previous overview of the first 450 sols of the Spirit MI investigation. Updates to radiometric calibration using in-flight data and improvements in high-level processing are summarized. Released data products are described, and a table of MI observations, including target/feature names and associated data sets, is appended. The MI observed natural and disturbed exposures of rocks and soils as well as magnets and other rover hardware. These hand-lens-scale observations have provided key constraints on interpretations of the formation and geologic history of features, rocks, and soils examined by Spirit. MI images complement observations by other Spirit instruments, and together show that impact and volcanic processes have dominated the origin and evolution of the rocks in Gusev crater, with aqueous activity indicated by the presence of silica-rich rocks and sulfate-rich soils. The textures of some of the silica-rich rocks are similar to terrestrial hot spring deposits, and observations of subsurface cemented layers indicate recent aqueous mobilization of sulfates in places. Wind action has recently modified soils and abraded many of the rocks imaged by the MI, as observed at other Mars landing sites. Plain Language Summary The Microscopic Imager (MI) on NASA's Spirit rover returned the highest-resolution images of the Martian surface available at the time of the 2004-2010 mission. Designed to survive 90 Mars days (sols) and search for evidence of water in the past, Spirit returned data for 2210 sols, far exceeding all expectations. This paper summarizes the scientific insights gleaned from the thousands of MI images acquired during the last 5years of the mission, supplementing the summary of the first 450 sols of the Spirit MI investigation published previously (Herkenhoff et al., ). Along with data from the other instruments on Spirit, MI images guided the scientific interpretation of the geologic history of the rocks and soils observed in Gusev crater on Mars. We conclude that the geologic history of the area explored by Spirit has been dominated by impacts and volcanism, and that water, perhaps very hot water, was involved in the evolution of some of the rocks and soils. More recently, winds have moved soil particles and abraded rocks, as observed elsewhere on Mars. These results have improved our understanding of Mars' history and informed planning of future missions to Mars.National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationPublic domain articleThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Surface processes recorded by rocks and soils on Meridiani Planum, Mars: Microscopic Imager observations during Opportunity's first three extended missions

The Microscopic Imager (MI) on the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity has returned images of Mars with higher resolution than any previous camera system, allowing detailed petrographic and sedimentological studies of the rocks and soils at the Meridiani Planum landing site. Designed to simulate a geologist's hand lens, the MI is mounted on Opportunity's instrument arm and can resolve objects 0.1 mm across or larger. This paper provides an overview of MI operations, data calibration, and analysis of MI data returned during the first 900 sols (Mars days) of the Opportunity landed mission. Analyses of Opportunity MI data have helped to resolve major questions about the origin of observed textures and features. These studies support eolian sediment transport, rather than impact surge processes, as the dominant depositional mechanism for Burns formation strata. MI stereo observations of a rock outcrop near the rim of Erebus Crater support the previous interpretation of similar sedimentary structures in Eagle Crater as being formed by surficial flow of liquid water. Well-sorted spherules dominate ripple surfaces on the Meridiani plains, and the size of spherules between ripples decreases by about 1 mm from north to south along Opportunity's traverse between Endurance and Erebus craters

Effect of the Boson Peak and the Ionic Resonance in the Dielectric Properties of Silicate Materials at mm-Wave and THz Frequencies

In this paper, a broadband measurement of the dielectric properties of silicates has been done to cover the seldom characterized mm-wave spectrum and the low THz spectrum. The dielectric properties, i.e. loss and permittivity, show a frequency independent response up to approximately 40 GHz and the loss monotonically increases to the THz frequency range. Two resonance peaks appear at THz frequencies: the first is the boson peak, and the second one corresponds to the ionic resonance of the network former, which in this case is silicon. Even though the materials belong to different groups in the silicate family (crystalline and non-crystalline, with different levels of purity), they seem to have the same overall tendency in the dielectric properties. Argand plots are used for the first time at THz frequencies to provide physical insight into the boson peak and ionic resonance. The complex plane analysis reveals details on the polarization mechanisms underlying silicate network vibrations through direct visualization of their characteristic signatures, and simplifies the process of modeling the dielectric response, leading to a better fit

Wideband All-Dielectric Reflector at 100 GHz for 6G Communications

Power-efficient systems are required for 6G communications. Part of a window real-state can be used as placement of a reflecting metasurface, which can provide coverage to users in scenarios, where there are no line-of-sight links. In this contribution, we propose a wideband all-dielectric metasurface at 100 GHz that consists of alumina posts on plastic and does not depend on the angle of incidence. The design has been manufactured and measured, with good agreement between measurements and simulations