280 research outputs found
Hierarchical Metadata Information Constrained Self-Supervised Learning for Anomalous Sound Detection Under Domain Shift
Self-supervised learning methods have achieved promising performance for
anomalous sound detection (ASD) under domain shift, where the type of domain
shift is considered in feature learning by incorporating section IDs. However,
the attributes accompanying audio files under each section, such as machine
operating conditions and noise types, have not been considered, although they
are also crucial for characterizing domain shifts. In this paper, we present a
hierarchical metadata information constrained self-supervised (HMIC) ASD
method, where the hierarchical relation between section IDs and attributes is
constructed, and used as constraints to obtain finer feature representation. In
addition, we propose an attribute-group-center (AGC)-based method for
calculating the anomaly score under the domain shift condition. Experiments are
performed to demonstrate its improved performance over the state-of-the-art
self-supervised methods in DCASE 2022 challenge Task 2
On a problem of Henning and Yeo about the transversal number of uniform linear systems whose 2-packing number is fixed
For , let be an -uniform linear system. The
transversal number of is the minimum
number of points that intersect every line of . The 2-packing
number of is the maximum number of
lines such that the intersection of any three of them is empty. In [Discrete
Math. 313 (2013), 959--966] Henning and Yeo posed the following question: Is it
true that if is a -uniform linear system then
holds for
all ?. In this paper, some results about of -uniform linear systems
whose 2-packing number is fixed which satisfies the inequality are given
Synergistic effect of a combination of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and thymosin Ī±1 on Lewis lung cancer transplanted tumor in mice
Purpose: To study the synergistic effect of a combination of granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor and thymosin-Ī±1 on the treatment of Lewis lung cancer transplanted tumor.Methods: C57BL/6 mice were used. A mouse model of Lewis lung cancer was established using Lewis lung cancer cell lines. The mice were randomly divided into blank control group, polyene taxol (DTX) group, DTX thymosin Ī±1 (TĪ±-1) group, and DTX granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) group, with 8 mice per group. The degree of tumor inhibition, thymus mass, thymus index, spleen mass, spleen index, IL-6, TNF-1, IFN-1, CD4+, CD8+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ were determined by ELISA and flow cytometry.Results: Body mass, thymus mass, thymus index, spleen mass, spleen index, IL-6, TNF-1, IFN-1, CD4+, CD8+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in DTX + TĪ±-1 group, DTX + GM-CSF group and DTX + TĪ±-1 + GM-CSF group were significantly elevated (p < 0.05), relative to the corresponding levels in DTXmice (p < 0.05). Body mass, degree of tumor inhibition, thymus mass, thymus index, spleen mass, spleen index, IL-6, TNF-1, IFN-1, CD4, CD8 T cells and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in DTX + TĪ±-1 + GM-CSF mice were significantly elevated, relative to the DTX + TĪ±-1 and DTX + GM-CSF groups (p < 0.05). Thestate of the tumor was significantly improved in the DTX + TĪ±-1 and DTX + GM-CSF mice.Conclusion: A combination treatment of GM-CSF, TĪ±-1 and DEX effectively enhances the resistance of mice and suppresses chemotherapy-induced decrease in body weight. This finding may be of clinical significance.
Keywords: Granulocyte macrophage, Colony-stimulating factor, Thymosin, Docetaxel, Lewis lung cancer, Transplanted tumo
Original Article Benefit of a 360-degree horizontal turn following premedication with simethicone on image quality during gastroendoscopy: a randomized controlled trial
Abstract: Objectives: To investigate whether a 360-degree horizontal turn after oral premedication with simethicone improves the mucosal visibility during gastroendoscopic examination, and to determine the proper time to turn over the patient. Methods: This study involved 993 patients scheduled for gastroendoscopy. Just before gastroendoscopyļ¼after oral premedication with simethicone, patients were randomly assigned to three groupsļ¼in Group A, patients waited for 20 min before gastroendoscopy; in Group B, patients were separately waited for 5/10/15/20 min and were then turned 360 degrees just before gastroendoscopy; in Group C, patients were immediately turned 360 degrees and then separately waited for 5/10/15/20 min before examination. The sum of the gastric mucosal visibility scores (MVS) was calculated after the examination. The MVS and proportion of images with higher visibility scores for the mucosal surface. Lower scores indicate better visibility of the mucosal surface. Results: In Groups B and Groups C, when waiting time more than 10 min had lower mean total MVS than Group A. The MVS of four subgroups of Group B were not different from those of Group C. Conclusion: Oral premedication with simethicone and immediately make a body posture change (turning over 360 degrees) then waiting for 10min can increase the image quality during gastroendoscopy and effectively decrease the premedication time
The complex hexaploid oilāCamellia genome traces back its phylogenomic history and multiāomics analysis of Camellia oil biosynthesis
Summary: OilāCamellia (Camellia oleifera), belonging to the Theaceae family Camellia, is an important woody edible oil tree species. The Camellia oil in its mature seed kernels, mainly consists of more than 90% unsaturated fatty acids, tea polyphenols, flavonoids, squalene and other active substances, which is one of the best quality edible vegetable oils in the world. However, genetic research and molecular breeding on oilāCamellia are challenging due to its complex genetic background. Here, we successfully report a chromosomeāscale genome assembly for a hexaploid oilāCamellia cultivar Changlin40. This assembly contains 8.80 Gb genomic sequences with scaffold N50 of 180.0 Mb and 45 pseudochromosomes comprising 15 homologous groups with three members each, which contain 135 868 genes with an average length of 3936 bp. Referring to the diploid genome, intragenomic and intergenomic comparisons of synteny indicate homologous chromosomal similarity and changes. Moreover, comparative and evolutionary analyses reveal three rounds of wholeāgenome duplication (WGD) events, as well as the possible diversification of hexaploid Changlin40 with diploid occurred approximately 9.06 million years ago (MYA). Furthermore, through the combination of genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics approaches, a complex regulatory network was constructed and allows to identify potential key structural genes (SAD, FAD2 and FAD3) and transcription factors (AP2 and C2H2) that regulate the metabolism of Camellia oil, especially for unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis. Overall, the genomic resource generated from this study has great potential to accelerate the research for the molecular biology and genetic improvement of hexaploid oilāCamellia, as well as to understand polyploid genome evolution
Aberrant Dynamic Functional Connectivity of Posterior Cingulate Cortex Subregions in Major Depressive Disorder With Suicidal Ideation
Accumulating evidence indicates the presence of structural and functional abnormalities of the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) with suicidal ideation (SI). Nevertheless, the subregional-level dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of the PCC has not been investigated in MDD with SI. We therefore sought to investigate the presence of aberrant dFC variability in PCC subregions in MDD patients with SI. We analyzed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 31 unmedicated MDD patients with SI (SI group), 56 unmedicated MDD patients without SI (NSI group), and 48 matched healthy control (HC) subjects. The sliding-window method was applied to characterize the whole-brain dFC of each PCC subregion [the ventral PCC (vPCC) and dorsal PCC (dPCC)]. In addition, we evaluated associations between clinical variables and the aberrant dFC variability of those brain regions showing significant between-group differences. Compared with HCS, the SI and the NSI groups exhibited higher dFC variability between the left dPCC and left fusiform gyrus and between the right vPCC and left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). The SI group showed higher dFC variability between the left vPCC and left IFG than the NSI group. Furthermore, the dFC variability between the left vPCC and left IFG was positively correlated with Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI) score in patients with MDD (i.e., the SI and NSI groups). Our results indicate that aberrant dFC variability between the vPCC and IFG might provide a neural-network explanation for SI and may provide a potential target for future therapeutic interventions in MDD patients with SI
Hsa-miR-196a2 Rs11614913 Polymorphism Contributes to Cancer Susceptibility: Evidence from 15 Case-Control Studies
BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of endogenous, small and noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by suppressing translation or degrading mRNAs. Recently, many studies investigated the association between hsa-miR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism and cancer risk, which showed inconclusive results. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a meta-analysis of 15 studies that included 9,341 cancer cases and 10,569 case-free controls. We assessed the strength of the association, using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Overall, individuals with the TC/CC genotypes were associated with higher cancer risk than those with the TT genotype (OR=1.18, 95% CI=1.03-1.34, P<0.001 for heterogeneity test). In the stratified analyses, we observed that the CC genotype might modulate breast cancer risk (OR=1.11, 95%CI=1.01-1.23, Pheterogeneity=0.210) and lung cancer risk (OR=1.25, 95%CI=1.06-1.46, Pheterogeneity=0.958), comparing with the TC/TT genotype. Moreover, a significantly increased risk was found among Asian populations in a dominant model (TC/CC versus TT, OR=1.24, 95% CI=1.07-1.43, Pheterogeneity=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: These findings supported that hsa-miR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism may contribute to the susceptibility of cancers
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