Gelatin tannate and tyndallized probiotics: a novel approach for treatment of diarrhea

Intestinal permeability impairment is implicated in many gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Chronic diarrhea, defined as the presence of diarrhea for more than 3 weeks in adults and 2 weeks in children, requires a different diagnostic and therapeutic work-up than acute diarrhea. Gelatin tannate, by reducing the clinical activity of acute colitis and the proinflammatory effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is emerging as a mucosal barrier protector

Inter-society consensus for the use of inhaled corticosteroids in infants, children and adolescents with airway diseases

Background: In 2019, a multidisciplinary panel of experts from eight Italian scientific paediatric societies developed a consensus document for the use of inhaled corticosteroids in the management and prevention of the most common paediatric airways disorders. The aim is to provide healthcare providers with a multidisciplinary document including indications useful in the clinical practice. The consensus document was intended to be addressed to paediatricians who work in the Paediatric Divisions, the Primary Care Services and the Emergency Departments, as well as to Residents or PhD students, paediatric nurses and specialists or consultants in paediatric pulmonology, allergy, infectious diseases, and ear, nose, and throat medicine. Methods: Clinical questions identifying Population, Intervention(s), Comparison and Outcome(s) were addressed by methodologists and a general agreement on the topics and the strength of the recommendations (according to the GRADE system) was obtained following the Delphi method. The literature selection included secondary sources such as evidence-based guidelines and systematic reviews and was integrated with primary studies subsequently published. Results: The expert panel provided a number of recommendations on the use of inhaled corticosteroids in preschool wheezing, bronchial asthma, allergic and non-allergic rhinitis, acute and chronic rhinosinusitis, adenoid hypertrophy, laryngitis and laryngospasm. Conclusions: We provided a multidisciplinary update on the current recommendations for the management and prevention of the most common paediatric airways disorders requiring inhaled corticosteroids, in order to share useful indications, identify gaps in knowledge and drive future research

Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of pediatric obesity: consensus position statement of the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and the Italian Society of Pediatrics

The Italian Consensus Position Statement on Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Obesity in Children and Adolescents integrates and updates the previous guidelines to deliver an evidence based approach to the disease. The following areas were reviewed: (1) obesity definition and causes of secondary obesity; (2) physical and psychosocial comorbidities; (3) treatment and care settings; (4) prevention. The main novelties deriving from the Italian experience lie in the definition, screening of the cardiometabolic and hepatic risk factors and the endorsement of a staged approach to treatment. The evidence based efficacy of behavioral intervention versus pharmacological or surgical treatments is reported. Lastly, the prevention by promoting healthful diet, physical activity, sleep pattern, and environment is strongly recommended since the intrauterine phase

La coltura in mezzo liquido con il bioreattore RITA\uaesystem: preliminari risultati per la moltiplicazione di un portinnesto (Gisela 5) del ciliegio.

Si tratta di una prova realizzata utilizzando un Bioreattore il Rita Sytem per la messa apunto della moltiplicazione di un portinnesto del ciliegio il Gisela 5

Le comunità di insetti in un habitat antropizzato: il biodeterioramento della Chiesa di S. Martino Vescovo a Contrapò (Ferrara)

Dal punto di vista ecologico gli insetti sono caratterizzati da un elevato potenziale biotico che consente rapidi incrementi numerici dipendenti dalla capacità di sfruttamento delle risorse trofiche. L’attività dei saproxilici rappresenta uno snodo fondamentale all’interno delle reti trofiche, ed anche nel caso dell’attacco di un bene culturale ligneo la manifestazione o l’assenza dell’attività di questi organismi va intesa come il risultato finale di una complessa serie di interazioni tra substrato, insetti e ambiente. In questa ricerca vengono trattate le problematiche relative alla catena della decomposizione, il cui avanzamento tuttavia nel caso del manufatto di importanza storica e artistica corrisponde ad un danno e ad una perdita. In questo studio si sono localizzate e descritte le alterazioni entomatiche a carico di una serie di manufatti lignei di una pieve storica della Provincia di Ferrara, nell’ambito di un progetto finanziato dalla Fondazione CARIFE. Sulla base della presenza di rosume, di fori di sfarfallamento e dello stato delle parti attaccate, si è potuto accertare un attacco ancora in atto, a carico soprattutto di Coleotteri Anobidi. Gli oggetti più antichi, quali i tabernacoli delle cappelle laterali o i reliquiari, sono risultati meno danneggiati dall’attacco entomatico, probabilmente grazie alle marmorizzazioni ed alle dorature, che in questo caso fungono da protezione per il legno stesso

Modulation of Bacillus pasteurii cytochrome c(553) reduction potential by structural and solution parameters

Direct cyclic voltammetry and H-1 NMR spectroscopy have been combined to investigate the electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of cytochrome c(553) isolated from the alkaliphilic soil bacterium Bacillus pasteurii. A quasi-reversible diffusion-controlled redox process is exhibited by cytochrome c(553) at a pyrolitic graphite edge microelectrode. The temperature dependence of the reduction potential, measured using a non-isothermal electrochemical cell: revealed a discontinuity at 308 K. The thermodynamic parameters determined in the low-temperature range (275-308 K; Delta S degrees'= -162.7 +/- 1.2 J mol(-1) K-1, Delta H degrees' = -53.0 +/- 0.5 kJ mol(-1), Delta G degrees' = -4.5 +/- 0.1 kJ mol(-1), E degrees' = +47.0 +/- 0.6 mV) indicate the presence of large enthalpic and entropic effects, leading, respectively, to stabilization and destabilization of the reduced form of cytochrome c(553). Both effects are more accentuated in the high-temperature range (308-323 K; Delta S degrees'= -294.1 +/- 8.4 J mol(-1) K-1. Delta H degrees' = -93.4+\-3.1 kJ mol(-1), Delta G degrees'= -5.8 +/- 0.6 kJ mol(-1), E degrees' = +60.3 +/- 5.8 mV), with the net result being a slight increase of the standard reduction potential. These thermodynamic parameters are interpreted using the compensation theory of hydration of biopolymers as indicating the extrusion, upon reduction, of water molecules from the hydration sphere of the cytochrome. The low-T and high-ir conformers differ by the number of water molecules in the solvation sphere: in the high-T conformer, the number of water molecules extruded upon reduction increases, as compared to the low-T conformer. The ionic strength dependence of the reduction potential at 298 K, treated within the frame of extended Debye-Huckel theory, yields values of E-(I=0)degrees',= -25.4 +/- 1.4 mV, z(red)=-11.3, and z(ox)= -10.3. The pH dependence of the reduction potential at 298 K shows a plateau in the pH range 7-10 and an increase at more acidic pH, allowing the calculation of pK(O) = 5.5 and pK(R) = 5.7, together with the estimate of the reduction potentials of completely protonated (+71 mV) and deprotonated (+58 mV) forms of cytochrome c(553). H-1 NMR spectra of the oxidized paramagnetic cytochrome c(553) indicate the presence of a His-Met axial coordination of the low-spin (S=1/2) heme iron, which is maintained in the temperature interval 288-340 K at pH 7 and in the pH range 4.8-10.0 at 298 K. The temperature dependence of the hyperfine-shifted signals shows both Curie-type and anti-Curie-type behavior, with marked deviations from linearity, interpreted as indicating the presence of a fast equilibrium between the low-T and high-T conformers, having slightly different heme electronic structures resulting from the T-induced conformational change. Increasing the NaCl concentration in the range 0-0.2 M causes a slight change of the H-1 NMR chemical shifts of the hyperfine-shifted signals, with no influence on their linewidth. The calculated lower limit value of the apparent affinity constant for specific ion binding is estimated as 5,2 +/- 1.1 M-1. The pH dependence of the isotropically shifted H-1 NMR signals of the oxidized cytochrome displays at least one ionization step with pK(O)=5.7. The thermodynamic and spectroscopic data indicate a large solvent-derived entropic effect as the main cause for the observed low reduction potential of B. pasteurii cytochrome c(553)

Gelatin tannate and tyndallized probiotics: a novel approach for treatment of diarrhea

Intestinal permeability impairment is implicated in many gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Chronic diarrhea, defined as the presence of diarrhea for more than 3 weeks in adults and 2 weeks in children, requires a different diagnostic and therapeutic work-up than acute diarrhea. Gelatin tannate, by reducing the clinical activity of acute colitis and the proinflammatory effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is emerging as a mucosal barrier protector

Gelatin tannate and tyndallized probiotics: a novel approach for treatment of diarrhea

Intestinal permeability impairment is implicated in many gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Chronic diarrhea, defined as the presence of diarrhea for more than 3 weeks in adults and 2 weeks in children, requires a different diagnostic and therapeutic work-up than acute diarrhea. Gelatin tannate, by reducing the clinical activity of acute colitis and the proinflammatory effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is emerging as a mucosal barrier protector