L’epistolario di Carlo Gualteruzzi: appunti sulla tradizione manoscritta e a stampa

This article presents a preliminary analysis of the correspondence of Carlo Gualteruzzi (1500-1577), member of the Apostolic Penitentiary under Paul III and, in his later years, secretary to Cardinal Alessandro Farnese. Gualteruzzi spent his life in the service of the cultural, political and literary élite of Italian Renaissance. Major figures such as Pietro Bembo, Giovanni Della Casa, Vittoria Colonna, Marcantonio Flaminio and Ludovico Beccadelli were numbered among his friends, along with various poets and humanists who depended on his role as a source of information and as a promulgator and mediator of culture and poetry. The letters, drawn from unpublished documents held by libraries and archives in Italy and Europe, shine a light into the dense intellectual and political networks of the sixteenth century. The essay, which provides a general overview of Gualteruzzi’s letters, examines both the manuscript sources and the publication history of the letters. Lastly, it focuses on the role of Gualteruzzi as editor of several literary works (Giovanni Della Casa’s Galateo, the Novellino and Pietro Bembo’s posthumous writings). 

Epistolari dal Due al Seicento. Modelli, questioni ecdotiche, edizioni, cantieri aperti (Gargnano del Garda, 29 settembre - 1° ottobre 2014)

Nei secoli passati, la lettera era l'unico mezzo di comunicazione: familiare, amichevole, d'ufficio o di servizio, ma anche strumento di dibattito politico e culturale. Lo studio degli epistolari dei singoli ma anche delle reti di comunicazione e di scambio è uno dei grandi temi della ricerca europea contemporanea. Vi si inserisce questo secondo volume dei "Quaderni di Gargnano", che - volgendosi sia alla produzione latina sia a quella volgare dal Due al Seicento - si sofferma su problemi metodologici e casi significativi, con impostazioni e tagli diversi: dall'ecdotica alla filologia, dall'archivistica, alla storia, alla storia delle discipline

Assessment of VAV2 Expression Refines Prognostic Prediction in Adrenocortical Carcinoma

Context: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with overall poor prognosis. The Ki67 labeling index (LI) has a major prognostic role in localized ACC after complete resection, but its estimates may suffer from considerable intra- and interobserver variability. VAV2 overexpression induced by increased Steroidogenic Factor-1 dosage is an essential factor driving ACC tumor cell invasion. Objective: To assess the prognostic role of VAV2 expression in ACC by investigation of a large cohort of patients. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 171 ACC cases (157 primary tumors, six local recurrences, eight metastases) from seven European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors centers were studied. Outcome Measurements: H-scores were generated to quantify VAV2 expression. VAV2 expression was divided into two categories: low (H-score, <2) and high (H-score, ≥2). The Ki67 LI retrieved from patients' pathology records was also categorized into low (<20%) and high (≥20%). Clinical and immunohistochemical markers were correlated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: VAV2 expression and Ki67 LI were significantly correlated with each other and with PFS and OS. Heterogeneity of VAV2 expression inside the same tumor was very low. Combined assessment of VAV2 expression and Ki67 LI improved patient stratification to low-risk and high-risk groups. Conclusion: Combined assessment of Ki67 LI and VAV2 expression improves prognostic prediction in ACC

Assessment of VAV2 Expression Refines Prognostic Prediction in Adrenocortical Carcinoma

Context: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with overall poor prognosis. The Ki67 labeling index (LI) has a major prognostic role in localized ACC after complete resection, but its estimates may suffer from considerable intra- and interobserver variability. VAV2 overexpression induced by increased Steroidogenic Factor-1 dosage is an essential factor driving ACC tumor cell invasion. Objective: To assess the prognostic role of VAV2 expression in ACC by investigation of a large cohort of patients. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 171 ACC cases (157 primary tumors, six local recurrences, eight metastases) from seven European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors centers were studied. Outcome Measurements: H-scores were generated to quantify VAV2 expression. VAV2 expression was divided into two categories: low (H-score, <2) and high (H-score, ≥2). The Ki67 LI retrieved from patients' pathology records was also categorized into low (<20%) and high (≥20%). Clinical and immunohistochemical markers were correlated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: VAV2 expression and Ki67 LI were significantly correlated with each other and with PFS and OS. Heterogeneity of VAV2 expression inside the same tumor was very low. Combined assessment of VAV2 expression and Ki67 LI improved patient stratification to low-risk and high-risk groups. Conclusion: Combined assessment of Ki67 LI and VAV2 expression improves prognostic prediction in ACC

Dietary intake and major food sources of polyphenols in people with type 2 diabetes: The TOSCA.IT Study

none200nononeVitale, M.; Masulli, M.; Rivellese, A.A.; Bonora, E.; Cappellini, F.; Nicolucci, A.; Squatrito, S.; Antenucci, D.; Barrea, A.; Bianchi, C.; Bianchini, F.; Fontana, L.; Fornengo, P.; Giorgino, F.; Gnasso, A.; Mannucci, E.; Mazzotti, A.; Nappo, R.; Palena, A.P.; Pata, P.; Perriello, G.; Potenziani, S.; Radin, R.; Ricci, L.; Romeo, F.; Santini, C.; Scarponi, M.; Serra, R.; Timi, A.; Turco, A.A.; Vedovato, M.; Zavaroni, D.; Grioni, S.; Riccardi, G.; Vaccaro, O; Rivellese, Angela Albarosa; Cocozza, Sara; Auciello, Stefania; Turco, Anna Amelia; Bonora, Enzo; Cigolini, Massimo; Pichiri, Isabella; Brangani, Corinna; Tomasetto, Elena; Perriello, Gabriele; Timi, Alessia; Squatrito, Sebastiano; Sinagra, Tiziana; Longhitano, Sara; Tropea, Vanessa; Ballardini, Giorgio; Babini, Anna Carla; Ripani, Raffaella; Gregori, Giovanna; Dolci, Maria; Bruselli, Laura; Salutini, Isabella; Mori, Mary; Baccetti, Fabio; Lapolla, Annunziata; Sartore, Giovanni; Burlina, Silvia; Chilelli, Nino Cristiano; Buzzetti, Raffaella; Venditti, Chiara; Potenziani, Stella; Carlone, Angela; Galluzzo†, Aldo; Giordano, Carla; Torregrossa, Vittoria; Corsi, Laura; Cuneo, Giacomo; Corsi, Simona; Tizio, Biagio; Clemente, Gennaro; Citro, Giuseppe; Natale, Maria; Salvatore, Vita; Di Cianni, Graziano; Lacaria, Emilia; Russo, Laura; Iannarelli, Rossella; de Gregorio, Antonella; Sciarretta, Filomena; D’Andrea, Settimio; Montani, Valeria; Cannarsa, Emanuela; Dolcetti, Katia; Cordera, Renzo; Bonabello, Laura Affinito; Mazzucchelli, Chiara; Giorda, Carlo Bruno; Romeo, Francesco; Bonetto, Caterina; Antenucci, Daniela; Baldassarre, Maria Pompea Antonia; Iovine, Ciro; Nappo, Rossella; Ciano, Ornella; Dall’Aglio, Elisabetta; Mancastroppa, Giovanni; Grimaldi, Franco; Tonutti, Laura; Boemi, Massimo; D’Angelo, Federica; Leotta, Sergio; Fontana, Lucia; Lauro, Davide; Rinaldi, Maria Elena; Cignarelli, Mauro; la Macchia, Olga; Fariello, Stefania; Tomasi, Franco; Zamboni, Chiara; Dozio, Nicoletta; Trevisan, Roberto; Scaranna, Cristiana; Del Prato, Stefano; Miccoli, Roberto; Bianchi, Cristina; Garofolo, Monia; Pugliese, Giuseppe; Salvi, Laura; Rangel, Graziela; Vitale, Martina; Anichini, Roberto; Tedeschi, Anna; Corsini, Elisa; Cucinotta, Domenico; Di Benedetto, Antonino; Giunta, Loretta; Ruffo, Maria Concetta; Bossi, Antonio Carlo; Carpinter, Rita; Dotta, Francesco; Ceccarelli, Elena; Bartolo, Paolo Di; Caselli, Chiara; Luberto, Alessandra; Santini, Costanza; Mazzotti, Arianna; Calbucci, Giovanni; Consoli, Agostino; Ginestra, Federica; Calabrese, Maria; Zogheri, Alessia; Ricci, Lucia; Giorgino, Francesco; Laviola, Luigi; Ippolito, Claudia; Tarantino, Lucia; Avogaro, Angelo; Vedovato, Monica; Gnasso, Agostino; Carallo, Claudio; Scicchitano, Caterina; Zavaroni, Donatella; Livraga, Stefania; Perin, Paolo Cavallo; Forrnengo, Paolo; Prinzis, Tania; de Cosmo, Salvatore; Palena, Antonio Pio; Bacci, Simonetta; Mannucci, Edoardo; Lamanna, Caterina; Pata, Pietro; Lettina, Gabriele; Aiello, Antimo; Barrea, Angelina; Lalli, Carlo; Scarponi, Maura; Franzetti, Ivano; Radin, Raffaella; Serra, Rosalia; Petrachi, Francesca; Asprino, Vincenzo; Capra, Claudio; Cigolini, Massimo; Forte, Elisa; Potenziani, Stella; Reggiani, Giulio Marchesini; Forlani, Gabriele; Montesi, Luca; Mazzella, Natalia; Piatti, Pier Marco; Monti, Lucilla; Stuccillo, Michela; Auletta, Pasquale; Petraroli, Ettore; Capobianco, Giuseppe; Romano, Geremia; Cutolo, Michele; de Simone, Giosetta; Caiazzo, Gennaro; Nunziata, Peppe; Sorrentino, Susy; Amelia, Umberto; Calatola, Pasqualino; Capuano, GelsominaVitale, M.; Masulli, M.; Rivellese, A. A.; Bonora, Enzo; Cappellini, F.; Nicolucci, A.; Squatrito, S.; Antenucci, D.; Barrea, A.; Bianchi, C.; Bianchini, FRANCESCA ANTONIA; Fontana, L.; Fornengo, P.; Giorgino, FRANCESCO LIBERO; Gnasso, A.; Mannucci, E.; Mazzotti, Alfredo; Nappo, R.; Palena, A. P.; Pata, P.; Perriello, G.; Potenziani, S.; Radin, R.; Ricci, Laura; Romeo, Francesco; Santini, C.; Scarponi, M.; Serra, Roberto; Timi, A.; Turco, A. A.; Vedovato, M.; Zavaroni, D.; Grioni, S.; Riccardi, Giovanna; Vaccaro, O; Rivellese, Angela Albarosa; Cocozza, Sara; Auciello, Stefania; Turco, Anna Amelia; Bonora, Enzo; Cigolini, Massimo; Pichiri, Isabella; Brangani, Corinna; Tomasetto, Elena; Perriello, Gabriele; Timi, Alessia; Squatrito, Sebastiano; Sinagra, Tiziana; Longhitano, Sara; Tropea, Vanessa; Ballardini, Giorgio; Babini, Anna Carla; Ripani, Raffaella; Gregori, Giovanna; Dolci, Maria; Bruselli, Laura; Salutini, Isabella; Mori, Mary; Baccetti, Fabio; Lapolla, Annunziata; Sartore, Giovanni; Burlina, Silvia; Chilelli, NINO CRISTIANO; Buzzetti, Raffaella; Venditti, Chiara; Potenziani, Stella; Carlone, Angela; Galluzzo†, Aldo; Giordano, Carla; Torregrossa, Vittoria; Corsi, Laura; Cuneo, Giacomo; Corsi, Simona; Tizio, Biagio; Clemente, Gennaro; Citro, Giuseppe; Natale, Maria; Salvatore, Vita; Di Cianni, Graziano; Lacaria, Emilia; Russo, Laura; Iannarelli, Rossella; de Gregorio, Antonella; Sciarretta, Filomena; D’Andrea, Settimio; Montani, Valeria; Cannarsa, Emanuela; Dolcetti, Katia; Cordera, Renzo; Bonabello, Laura Affinito; Mazzucchelli, Chiara; Giorda, Carlo Bruno; Romeo, Francesco; Bonetto, Caterina; Antenucci, Daniela; Baldassarre, Maria Pompea Antonia; Iovine, Ciro; Nappo, Rossella; Ciano, Ornella; Dall’Aglio, Elisabetta; Mancastroppa, Giovanni; Grimaldi, Franco; Tonutti, Laura; Boemi, Massimo; D’Angelo, Federica; Leotta, Sergio; Fontana, Lucia; Lauro, Davide; Rinaldi, Maria Elena; Cignarelli, Mauro; la Macchia, Olga; Fariello, Stefania; Tomasi, Franco; Zamboni, Chiara; Dozio, Nicoletta; Trevisan, Roberto; Scaranna, Cristiana; Del Prato, Stefano; Miccoli, Roberto; Bianchi, Cristina; Garofolo, Monia; Pugliese, Giuseppe; Salvi, Laura; Rangel, Graziela; Vitale, Martina; Anichini, Roberto; Tedeschi, Anna; Corsini, Elisa; Cucinotta, Domenico; Di Benedetto, Antonino; Giunta, Loretta; Ruffo, Maria Concetta; Bossi, Antonio Carlo; Carpinter, Rita; Dotta, Francesco; Ceccarelli, Elena; Bartolo, Paolo Di; Caselli, Chiara; Luberto, Alessandra; Santini, Costanza; Mazzotti, Arianna; Calbucci, Giovanni; Consoli, Agostino; Ginestra, Federica; Calabrese, Maria; Zogheri, Alessia; Ricci, Lucia; Giorgino, FRANCESCO LIBERO; Laviola, Luigi; Ippolito, Claudia; Tarantino, Lucia; Avogaro, Angelo; Vedovato, Monica; Gnasso, Agostino; Carallo, Claudio; Scicchitano, Caterina; Zavaroni, Donatella; Livraga, Stefania; Perin, Paolo Cavallo; Forrnengo, Paolo; Prinzis, Tania; de Cosmo, Salvatore; Palena, Antonio Pio; Bacci, Simonetta; Mannucci, Edoardo; Lamanna, Caterina; Pata, Pietro; Lettina, Gabriele; Aiello, Antimo; Barrea, Angelina; Lalli, Carlo; Scarponi, Maura; Franzetti, Ivano; Radin, Raffaella; Serra, Rosalia; Petrachi, Francesca; Asprino, Vincenzo; Capra, Claudio; Cigolini, Massimo; Forte, Elisa; Potenziani, Stella; Reggiani, Giulio Marchesini; Forlani, Gabriele; Montesi, Luca; Mazzella, Natalia; Piatti, Pier Marco; Monti, Lucilla; Stuccillo, Michela; Auletta, Pasquale; Petraroli, Ettore; Capobianco, Giuseppe; Romano, Geremia; Cutolo, Michele; de Simone, Giosetta; Caiazzo, Gennaro; Nunziata, Peppe; Sorrentino, Susy; Amelia, Umberto; Calatola, Pasqualino; Capuano, Gelsomin

Dietary intake and major food sources of polyphenols in people with type 2 diabetes: The TOSCA.IT Study

Purpose: Proper evaluation of polyphenols intake at the population level is a necessary step in order to establish possible associations with health outcomes. Available data are limited, and so far no study has been performed in people with diabetes. The aim of this work was to document the intake of polyphenols and their major food sources in a cohort of people with type 2 diabetes and in socio-demographic subgroups. Methods: We studied 2573 men and women aged 50â\u80\u9375 years. Among others, anthropometry was measured by standard protocol and dietary habits were investigated by food frequency questionnaire (EPIC). The intake of polyphenols was evaluated using US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases. Results: The mean total polyphenol intake was 683.3 ± 5.8 mg/day. Non-alcoholic beverages represented the main food source of dietary polyphenols and provided 35.5% of total polyphenol intake, followed by fruits (23.0%), alcoholic beverages (14.0%), vegetables (12.4%), cereal products and tubers (4.6%), legumes (3.7%) and oils (2.1%); chocolate, cakes and nuts are negligible sources of polyphenols in this cohort. The two most important polyphenol classes contributing to the total intake were flavonoids (47.5%) and phenolic acids (47.4%). Polyphenol intake increased with age and education level and decreased with BMI; furthermore, in the northern regions of Italy, the polyphenol intake was slightly, but significantly higher than in the central or southern regions. Conclusions: The study documents for the first time the intake of polyphenols and their main food sources in people with diabetes using validated and complete databases of the polyphenol content of food. Compared with published data, collected in people without diabetes, these results suggest a lower intake and a different pattern of intake in people with diabetes

Effects on the incidence of cardiovascular events of the addition of pioglitazone versus sulfonylureas in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin (TOSCA.IT): a randomised, multicentre trial

Background The best treatment option for patients with type 2 diabetes in whom treatment with metformin alone fails to achieve adequate glycaemic control is debated. We aimed to compare the long-term effects of pioglitazone versus sulfonylureas, given in addition to metformin, on cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods TOSCA.IT was a multicentre, randomised, pragmatic clinical trial, in which patients aged 50\ue2\u80\u9375 years with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy (2\ue2\u80\u933 g per day) were recruited from 57 diabetes clinics in Italy. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1), by permuted blocks randomisation (block size 10), stratified by site and previous cardiovascular events, to add-on pioglitazone (15\ue2\u80\u9345 mg) or a sulfonylurea (5\ue2\u80\u9315 mg glibenclamide, 2\ue2\u80\u936 mg glimepiride, or 30\ue2\u80\u93120 mg gliclazide, in accordance with local practice). The trial was unblinded, but event adjudicators were unaware of treatment assignment. The primary outcome, assessed with a Cox proportional-hazards model, was a composite of first occurrence of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, or urgent coronary revascularisation, assessed in the modified intention-to-treat population (all randomly assigned participants with baseline data available and without any protocol violations in relation to inclusion or exclusion criteria). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00700856. Findings Between Sept 18, 2008, and Jan 15, 2014, 3028 patients were randomly assigned and included in the analyses. 1535 were assigned to pioglitazone and 1493 to sulfonylureas (glibenclamide 24 [2%], glimepiride 723 [48%], gliclazide 745 [50%]). At baseline, 335 (11%) participants had a previous cardiovascular event. The study was stopped early on the basis of a futility analysis after a median follow-up of 57\uc2\ub73 months. The primary outcome occurred in 105 patients (1\uc2\ub75 per 100 person-years) who were given pioglitazone and 108 (1\uc2\ub75 per 100 person-years) who were given sulfonylureas (hazard ratio 0\uc2\ub796, 95% CI 0\uc2\ub774\ue2\u80\u931\uc2\ub726, p=0\uc2\ub779). Fewer patients had hypoglycaemias in the pioglitazone group than in the sulfonylureas group (148 [10%] vs 508 [34%], p&lt;0\uc2\ub70001). Moderate weight gain (less than 2 kg, on average) occurred in both groups. Rates of heart failure, bladder cancer, and fractures were not significantly different between treatment groups. Interpretation In this long-term, pragmatic trial, incidence of cardiovascular events was similar with sulfonylureas (mostly glimepiride and gliclazide) and pioglitazone as add-on treatments to metformin. Both of these widely available and affordable treatments are suitable options with respect to efficacy and adverse events, although pioglitazone was associated with fewer hypoglycaemia events. Funding Italian Medicines Agency, Diabete Ricerca, and Italian Diabetes Society