Food and Nutritional Security in Bangladesh: Going beyond Carbohydrate Counts

The progress towards achieving household nutritional food-security in Bangladesh has remained slow. So far the food security is cereal-based (mainly rice) and food basket has not yet diversified towards high nutritive/ quality food. This article has examined the expenditure inequalities in the dietary pattern and incidence of poverty in Bangladesh by using household income, expenditure and food consumption survey data. Results have shown wide-spread inequalities in income and expenditure distribution. Among food items, the inequalities have been found very low for cereals and high for livestock and horticulture commodities and various types of fish species in both rural and urban areas. The analysis of food poverty, its depth and severity has revealed a typical hidden poverty that could not be brought up by analyzing economic poverty. The food poverty has been found high for pulses, horticulture and livestock commodities among both economically rich and poor households. Fish, livestock, horticulture and pulses sectors should be accorded high priority to diversify the dietary pattern towards high quality food and improve the nutritional food-security of households in Bangladesh.Food Security and Poverty,

THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN COMBATTING BANK FRAUDS: PERSPECTIVES AND PROSPECTS

Banks are the engines that drive the operations in the financialsector, money markets and growth of an economy. With the rapidly growingbanking industry in India, frauds in banks are also increasing very fast, andfraudsters have started using innovative methods. As part of the study, a questionnaire-basedsurvey was conducted in 2013-14 among 345 bank employees to know theirperception towards bank frauds and evaluate the factors that influence thedegree of their compliance level. This study provides a frank discussion of theattitudes, strategies and technology that specialists will need to combatfrauds in banks. In the modern era, there is “no silver bullet for fraudprotection; the double-edged sword of technology is getting sharper,day-in-day-out.” The use of neural network-based behavior models in real-timehas changed the face of fraud management all over the world. Banks that canleverage advances in technology and analytics to improve fraud prevention willreduce their fraud losses. Recently, forensic accounting has come into limelightdue to rapid increase in financial frauds or white-collar crimes

Web Content Management Systems in Library and Information Science in the Present Era

This article a detail analysis has been made one recent progress of management system in Library and Information Science. This includes progress Web Content Management System, Content Management System, Learning Management System, Library Management System. Stress has also been given upon the need of the collection of information. The article is useful for the Teachers, Librarians, Information Expert, Information Scientists, Information Managers, Information Officers, Research Scholars, Students and all library professionals who have thirst for knowledge

Challenge of mitigating bank frauds by judicious mix of technology: Experience of a developing country

Banks are the engines that drive the operations in the financial sector, money markets and growth of an economy. With the rapidly growing banking industry in India, frauds in banks are also increasing fast, and fraudsters have started using innovative methods. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted in 2013-14 among 345 bank employees to know their perception towards bank frauds, degree of their compliance level, and integration of technology to detect, control and prevent frauds. This study provides discussion of the attitudes, strategies, and the technology that bank specialists will need to combat frauds. Banks that can leverage advances in technology and analytics to improve fraud prevention will reduce their fraud losses. In 2015, the RBI introduced new mechanisms for banks to check loan frauds by taking pro-active steps by setting up a Central Fraud Registry, introduced the concept of Red Flagged Account, and Indian investigative agencies will soon start sharing their databases with banks

A Brief Bibliometric Analysis and Visualisation of Scopus and WoS databases on Blockchain Technology in Healthcare Domain

Background: The aim of this study is to analyse the work carried out in healthcare or medical domain using blockchain technology for privacy and security of patient’s data, their healthcare records. The documents published in Scopus and Web of Science databases during the year 2016 to present (February 2021) have been considered for survey. Methods: Scopus and Web of Science(WoS), most popular databases are used to retrieve documents which were published between years 2016 to present. Scopus analyser and web of Science analyser are used for analysis of various parameters such as documents published per year, sources of documents, number of citations and so on. VOSviewer1.6.16 software tool is used for analysis of different units such as citations, co- authorship etc. Results: During our survey we have retrieved a total 598 documents related to blockchain technology in the healthcare domain which are published from year 2016 on wards from scopus database. Using a web of science database 594 documents has been retrieved for the same domain. Statistical analysis and network analysis shows that there is tremendous growth in publications from year 2019 and 2020 on blockchain technology. The United States, India and China are major contributors. Conclusions: Databases are analysed in terms of number of documents per year, sources of publications, authors correlation, documents per country, funding agencies etc parameters are statistically analysed. Using statistical and network analysis we can conclude that there is huge scope to work in the blockchain domain to achieve more privacy, security, and data integrity

Comparison of levobupivacaine vs bupivacaine in thoracic spinal anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomies

Background: Levobupivacaine is the pure S enantiomer of racemic bupivacaine. It is a long acting variant that is less toxic to the heart and central nervous system. It has gained relevance and popularity in the modern anaesthetic practice. Thoracic spinal anaesthesia has been shown to an effective   and safe anaesthetic approach for a varied spectrum of surgeries including laparoscopic cholecystectomies.  Incorporation   of epidural catheter adds flexibility and the provision of postoperative analgesia. To adopt thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomies was chosen in the study. This study aimed at comparing the efficacy of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine in thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomies.Methods: Total 60 ASA 1 and 2 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomies were chosen for the purpose of this study extending from January 2019 to May 2019.  They were randomly divided into two groups - group L and group B. Both the groups received thoracic combined spinal anaesthesia using 2ml of 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine and 25 µg (0.5ml) fentanyl in group L and 2ml of 0.5% isobaric bupivacaine and 25 µg (0.5ml) fentanyl in group B.  The duration of sensory and motor block, peak block height, maximum motor block achieved, haemodynamic variables and any postoperative neurological complications were evaluated.Results: Both the groups showed similar onset of sensory and motor block. The duration of motor block was similar in both the drug groups; however, levobupivacaine showed a significantly loner duration of sensory block.  There were no significant haemodynamic differences between the two groups and no postoperative neurological complications were seen in any patient.Conclusions: Levobupivacaine was found to be slightly better than bupivacaine in thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia

A Swarm Based Approach to Improve Traditional Document Clustering Approach

Clustering, an extremely important technique in Data Mining is an automatic learning technique aimed at grouping a set of objects into subsets or clusters. The goal is to create clusters that are coherent internally, but substantially different from each other. Text Document Clustering refers to the clustering of related text documents into groups based upon their content. Document clustering is a fundamental operation used in unsupervised document organization, text data mining, automatic topic extraction, and information retrieval. Fast and high - quality document clustering algorithms play an important role in effectively navigating, summarizing, and organizing information. The documents to be clustered can be web news articles, abstracts of research papers etc. The aim of this paper is to provide efficient document clustering technique involving the application of soft computing approach and the use of swarm intelligence based algorithm

Serum magnesium levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relation with microvascular complications of diabetes

Background: Prevalence of hypomagnesaemia is significantly higher in diabetic patients with microvascular complications compared to diabetics with no microvascular complications. The aim of this study is to measure levels of serum magnesium in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and study its association with the presenting microvascular complications.Methods: This was hospital based, one year cross-sectional study carried out in Department of Medicine, IGMC Shimla in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Total 53 patients were enrolled in this study who presented in medicine OPD or admitted in medicine ward.Results: Serum Magnesium value of the patients ranged from 1.20-3.0 mg/dl with mean value of 1.9±0.3 mg/dl. Fourteen patients (26.4%) had hypomagnesaemia. A total of 34 (64.2%) patients presented with complications of diabetes in which proteinuria was present in 34 (64.2%), retinopathy in 4 (7.5%) and neuropathy in 1 (1.9%). Fourteen (41.2%) patients with hypomagnesaemia presented with complications of diabetes (p value=0.003). 34 (64.2%) patients presented with proteinuria out of which 14 (41.2%) patients had hypomagnesaemia while 20 (58.8%) had normomagnesaemia (p=0.03). One (1.9%) patient had neuropathy and hypomagnesaemia was also present in this patient (p=0.6). Four patients (7.5%) presented with retinopathy out of which 3 (5.7%) had hypomagnesaemia while 1 (1.9%) had normomagnesaemia.Conclusions: Hypomagnesaemia is associated with microvascular complications of diabetes. Also there is statistically significant relationship between proteinuria and hypomagnesaemia in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus